Opportunities for the practical use of space technology by businessmen

Industrial use of space program technological advance

How local media coverage of voter fraud influences partisan perceptions in the United States

Extant findings show that voter fraud is extremely rare and difficult to prove in the United States. Voter’s knowledge about voter fraud allegations likely comes through the media, who tend to sensationalize the issue. In this study, we argue that the more voters are exposed to media coverage of voter fraud allegations, the more likely that they will perceive that voter fraud is a frequent problem. We merge the 2012 Survey of Performance of American Elections with state-level media coverage of voter fraud leading up to the 2012 election. Our results show that media coverage of voter fraud is associated with public beliefs about voter fraud. In states where fraud was more frequently featured in local media outlets, public concerns about voter fraud were heightened. In particular, we find that press attention to voter fraud has a larger influence on Republicans than Democrats and Independents. We further find that media coverage of voter fraud does not further polarize partisan perceptions of voter fraud. Rather, political interest moderates state media coverage on voter fraud beliefs only among Republicans. Lastly, our results provide no support that demographic changes, approval of election administration, or information concerning actual reported voting irregularities have any discernable effects on partisan perceptions

Enteric Glia Exhibit P 2U Receptors that Increase Cytosolic Calcium by a Phospholipase C-Dependent Mechanism

Calcium signaling in fura-2 acetoxymethyl ester-loaded enteric glia was investigated in response to neuroligands; responses to ATP were studied in detail. Carbachol (1 m M ), glutamate (100 µ M ), norepinephrine (10 µ M ), and substance P (1 µ M ) did not increase the intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca 2+ ] i ) in cultured enteric glia. An increasing percentage of glia responded to serotonin (4%; 100 µ M ), bradykinin (11%; 10 µ M ), and histamine (31%; 100 µ M ), whereas 100% of glia responded to ATP (100 µ M ). ATP-evoked calcium signaling was concentration dependent in terms of the percentage of glia responding and the peak [Ca 2+ ] i achieved; responses were pertussis toxin insensitive. Based on responsiveness of enteric glia to purinergic agonists and peak [Ca 2+ ] i evoked, ATP = UTP > ADP > Β,Γ-methyleneadenosine 5′-triphosphate > 2-methylthioadenosine 5′-triphosphate = Α,Β-methyleneadenosine 5′-triphosphate = AMP = adenosine, suggesting a glial P 2U receptor. Depletion of d- myo -inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate-sensitive calcium stores by thapsigargin (10 µ M ) abolished glial responses to ATP. Similarly, calcium responses were decreased 92% by U-73122 (10 µ M ), an inhibitor of phospholipase C, and 93% by the phorbol ester phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (100 n M ), an activator of protein kinase C. Thus, cultured enteric glia can respond to neurotransmitters with increases in [Ca 2+ ] i . Our data suggest that glial responses to ATP are mediated by a P 2U receptor coupled to activation of phospholipase C and release of intracellular calcium stores.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/66050/1/j.1471-4159.1996.66020604.x.pd

You Signed the Line: Collegiate Student-Athletes’ Perceptions of Autonomy

This study had three goals: First, to assess student-athletes’ perceptions of autonomy within the structure of collegiate sport. Second, to gain an understanding of student-athletes’ perceptions of power and how these perceptions affect student-athletes’ autonomy. Third, to understand the ways in which student-athletes’ perceptions of autonomy are important to the field of sport psychology was explored. Working from within the constructivist paradigm (Hatch, 2002), a semi-structured interview approach was used to investigate the perceptions of autonomy of collegiate student-athletes. As described by Kvale (1996), data were gathered through semi- structured conversations with the co-researchers surrounding the theme of their perceptions of autonomy in their lives as collegiate student-athletes. Twelve co- researchers from four different sports at a Division I university were involved in this study (football=3, women’s basketball=2, men’s golf=4, women’s track=3). The student- athletes also represented each academic grade level (first-year=3, sophomore=2, junior=2, senior=5) to assess perceptions of autonomy during each of these years. Although an attempt was made to include a diversity of racial backgrounds in this study, due to lack of race representation in different sports, this study was limited to Caucasian (7) and African-American (5) student-athletes. After analyzing the data using the interpretative analysis model described by Hatch (2002), three themes were identified. They were: 1) personal autonomy, 2) lack of autonomy, and 3) relational autonomy. Each of these major themes was comprised of several sub-themes that provided a greater understanding of how autonomy was experienced by the student-athletes in this study. Three minor themes- Effects of Autonomy, Model of Desired Autonomy, and Power- also are presented. Overall, student-athletes’ lives were not completely autonomous, yet they did not fully lack autonomy either. Within the confines of the collegiate sport environment, there were many limitations on student-athletes’ abilities to be autonomous individuals. Seemingly, most of their decisions were based on commitment, mostly being committed to teammates and to the “requirements” of being a collegiate student-athlete. Possibly, then, the heart of student-athletes’ perceptions of autonomy lies in their relationships with others. Perhaps because they have a strong sense of commitment, they create a self- concept based on this commitment that then becomes a constant factor in their decision- making process. Finally, it appears that student-athletes’ perceptions of autonomy are dynamic and fluctuate depending on the context and their ability to reframe and integrate these experiences into their sense of self. Hence, perceptions of autonomy seem to exist on a continuum from completely lacking autonomy to having ultimate choice. In light of these results, recommendations for working with student-athletes and suggestions for future research are also provided

Opinions of Selected Utah High School Students and Teachers Toward Sports Competition

This study determined opinions of s elected eleventh grade high school girls and physical education teachers concerning intramural and interschool sports competition. The high school s in the study were randomly selected from the nine school districts located in the Wasatch Front Area of Utah. The study revealed that girls end physic\u2731 education teachers in high schools in the Wasatch Front Area showed a significant interest in intramural and interschool competition for girls. The girls listed tennis as their first choice of sports that should be included in bath programs, followed by volleyball and swimming. Both students and teachers felt interschool competition should be offered on a district, regional and state basis. A majority of girls and teachers expressed the opinion that women physical education teachers should coach interschool sports teams. Girls did not want interschool competition at the expense of intramural competition

The dynamics of the aurora. Part VII - Equatorward motions and the multiplicity of auroral arcs

Dynamic motions of Aurora 7 towards equato

A Survey of Medical Schools\u27 Disability Curricula

It is a well established problem that people with disabilities (PWD), as with many other groups disadvantaged by social inequities, often receive suboptimal care from health care providers. The root cause of this inequity in care can be traced to a lack of training in dealing with PWD for health care providers. Barriers result from issues of communication, knowledge of resources available, access to clinics/hospitals, difficulty using diagnostic equipment (exam tables, scales, mammography, etc) and attitudes towards PWD. Despite numerous reports outlining this issue and calls to action to address deficiencies in the care of PWD, few medical schools currently address the care of patients with disabilities in their curriculum. This poster provides a survey of disability curricula in medical schools and a summary of their content/approach and effectiveness.https://digitalrepository.unm.edu/hslic-posters-presentations/1058/thumbnail.jp