The protective effects of different treatments on rat salivary glands after radiotherapy

WOS: 000387700400056PubMed ID: 27324888This study was aimed to evaluate the efficacy of treatment modalities for minimizing salivary gland damage caused by radiotherapy. Forty rats were divided into five groups. Group 1 had no irradiation or any treatment. Group 2 underwent only 15 Gy single dose radiotherapy. N-acetylcysteine, dexamethasone, hyperbaric oxygen treatment were given, respectively to the group 3, 4 and 5 for 5 days. 15 Gy single dose radiotherapy was applied to the group 3, 4 and 5 on the second day. Pyknosis, lysis, and vacuolization were examined in ductal cells and pyknosis, lysis, vacuolization, inflammation and collective duct damage in acinar cells. Dexamethasone and hyperbaric oxygen did not prove to have a positive effect on acinar and ductal cell. N-acetylcysteine-applied group had statistically significantly lower amount of damage. We determined that the decrease of ductal and acinar cell damage in parotid glands of N-acetylcysteine-applied rats was more distinct and statistically

Comparison of the rates for reaching the blastocyst stage between normal and abnormal pronucleus embryos monitored by a time-lapse system in IVF patients

Objective: To compare the rates of blastocyst stage development between embryos fertilized after one (MPN) or more than two pronucleus (PN) (3PN, 4PN-multiPN) with those after 2PN in the same patients. Material and Methods: The embryos of patients who had both abnormal PN (MPN, 3PN or 4PN) and normal fertilized (2PN) embryos after intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) fertilization, were followed with a time-lapse system following the ICSI procedure. The rates of reaching the blastocyst stage were compared between normal and abnormally fertilized embryos. Results: One thousand eight hundred and twenty oocytes were collected from 140 patients and 1280 (70.3%) of them were fertilized. MPN, 2PN and 3PN, 4PN (multiPN) ratios of the embryos in the pronuclear stage were 11.4%, 83.13% and 5.47%, respectively. The rates of reaching the blastocyst stage among these embryos were 17.1%, 60.8% and 42.8% for MPN, 2PN and multiPN, respectively. The proportion reaching blastocyst development was significantly higher following 2PN compared to those after MPN and multiPN (p<0.05). Embryos developing after multiPN had significantly higher rates of reaching the blastocyst stage compared to those after MPN (p<0.01). Conclusion: The majority of abnormally pronucleated embryos arrest without reaching the blastocyst stage. MultiPN embryos have a higher rate of blastocyst development than MPN embryos

Comparison of the rates for reaching the blastocyst stage between normal and abnormal pronucleus embryos monitorized by time-lapse system in IVF patients

Objective: To compare the rates of blastocyst stage development between the embryos fertilizing after one (MPN) or more than two pronucleus (3PN, 4PN - MultiPN) with those after two pronucleus (2PN) in the same patients. The embryos were observed by the time-lapse system.Material and methods: As a total of 140 patients's embryos who had both abnormal PN (MPN, 3PN or 4PN) and normal fertilized (2PN) embryos after fertilization were followed with time-lapse system following ICSI procedure. The ratios for reaching the blastocyst stage were compared between normal and abnormally fertilized embryos.Results: 1820 oocytes were collected from 140 patients and 1280 (70.3%) of them were fertilized. MPN, 2 PN and 3PN, 4PN (MultiPN) ratios of the embryos in the pronuclear stage were 11.4%, 83.13% and 5.47%, respectively. The rates of reaching the blastocyst stage among these embryos were 17.1%, 60.8% and 42.8% for MPN, 2 PN and MultiPN, respectively. Rate of blastocyst development was significantly higher following 2PN compared to those after MPN and MultiPN (p<0,05). Embryos developing after MultiPN had significantly higher rates of reaching the blastocyst stage compared to those after the MPN (p<0.01).Conclusion: The majority of abnormally pronucleated embryos arrest without reaching the blastocyst stage. MultiPN embryos have higher ratios of blastocyst development than MPN embryos