Conceito de envelhecimento e agora?

O processo de envelhecimento é naturalmente uma realidade biológica, psicológica e social, com composições específicas em cada sociedade (Lange et al., 2009). Viña, Borrás e Miquel (2007) definem envelhecimento em quatro dimensões: o envelhecimento universal (fenómeno associado que ocorre em diferentes graus a todos os indivíduos de uma espécie); o envelhecimento intrínseco (que remete para o facto de a origem do envelhecimento ter causas endógenas, não dependendo portanto de fatores extrínsecos); o envelhecimento progressivo (as alterações ocorrem progressivamente ao longo dos ciclos de vida) e o envelhecimento de deterioração (este fenómeno é descrito quando a pessoa o considera como um processo nefasto). As principais organizações internacionais (OMS, ONU) sustentam a reorganização dos cuidados de saúde com base no nível funcional das pessoas com 65 e mais anos de idade. O nível funcional influencia o comportamento de autocuidado e vice-versa. Paralelamente, outros fatores como a idade, o sexo, a cognição, o estado geral de saúde, a cultura, o sistema de apoio familiar e os fatores contextuais interferem de igual modo no planeamento das necessidades de cuidados de enfermagem. A intervenção dos cuidados deve, pois, ser orientada e programada ao nível dos sistemas de saúde (Orem, 2001), em linha com os défices de funcionalidade (Lopes et al., 2008)

Prevenção de Úlceras da face, em Pessoas Submetidas a Ventilação não invasiva, indicadores sensíveis aos cuidados de Enfermagem: Revisão sistemática de Literatura

ABSTRACT The Non-invasive Ventilation represents an alternative from ventilatory support, being frequently used in the treatment of respiratory failure. There are many complications associated with this technique, related to the pressure / air flow and the application of interfaces, being this one the focus of the article. The most appropriate interface selection allows a successful technique; the interface must be based on anatomical characteristics of the patient, cutaneous integrity and ventilation requirements. The Nurse plays a key role selecting the appropriate interface; technical monitoring and prevention of complications. The objective of the study is identify sensitive results to nursing care in the prevention of pressure ulcers (PPU) of the face, in adult and elderly submitted to NIV. This research was through EBSCO (CINAHL (Plus with Full Text) and MEDLINE (Plus with Full Text), with selection of full text articles between 2003-01-01 and 31.12.2013. We used the method of PI[C]O and was selected 13 articles from a total of 353. It was identified a set of specific interventions that prevent the appearing of pressure ulcer (PU), and according to Doran (2011), promotes sensitivity to nursing care results. The nursing interventions in adults with NIV have a direct impact on health outcomes, with preventing and resolving complications, with contribution in terms of effective disease control, adherence to the treatment regimen and consequent increase in life quality

Communication with the person with incapacity: Protocol of communication with elderly people dependent on self-care, a strategy of Psychomotricity

Objective: To determine how communication is used by psychomotricity to establish a therapeutic relationship with elderly people in need of self-care. Methodology: Systematic review of literature by research in EBSCO and Google Scholar, carried out based on the key words: self-care and communication. The search resulted in five articles chosen for analysis. Results: After an analysis of the collected articles, we were able to obtain information on how communication is an indispensable tool of the psychomotricist in establishing the therapeutic relationship through the way in which it is expressed. Conclusions: The therapeutic relationship, established through the tonic-emotional dialogue between the patient and the therapist, allows to promote their self-confidence and self-esteem, thus promoting the patient's general well-being and quality of life

Sexual risk behaviors associated with HIV / AIDS in youths 15 to 24-Year-old: contributions to the nursing practice

HIV infection continues to be a priority area within the scope of Public Health. Aim: To systematize the risk behaviors related with HIV infection among young people aged 15-24, to identify preventive measures in order to decrease virus transmission, contributing for a more sustained and effective nursing practice. Method: A literature review was done by researching on EBSCO (CINAHL and MEDLINE) from March to May 2018, using PICO methodology. 10 articles were analyzed. Results: Risky behaviors and factors were documented such as: early age at sexual debut, peer pressure, fear of abuse, multiple partners and the characteristics of sexual contacts, intercourse without condom, intravenous drug use and to be carrier of other Sexually Transmitted Infections. Conclusions: In order to reduce HIV infection, interventions and programs which modify the risky sexual behavior should be applied. Implications for professional practice: the knowledge of sexual risk behaviors, as well as preventive programs, is essential on several nursing practice scenarios, specifically among young people, boosting the adherence to health promoting behaviors

DEPENDENT PERSON IN SELF-CARE WITH COMORBIDITY, RESULTS SENSITIVE TO REHABILITATION NURSING CARE: SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE

Background: Rehabilitation Nursing assumes a fundamental role in contemporary society in the response to the installation of new paradigms of chronic illness and dependence, induced by demographic aging and the advent of a large number of associated comorbidities. Health indicators sensitive to Rehabilitation Nursing care reflect how these nurses contribute to the health of the population in order to achieve health gains.Methods: A systematic review of the literature was carried out. Articles published between 2012 and 2017 were selected by searching the MEDLINE, CINAHL and MedicLatina database, using PI [C] OS methodology, resulting in the selection of 11 articles.Objective: To determine the indicators sensitive to Rehabilitation Nursing care in relation to the dependent people in self-care with comorbidity.Results: We identified 30 indicators sensitive to of Rehabilitation Nursing care in relation to the dependent person in self-care with comorbidity. From the qualitative synthesis of the indicators, improvements were observed in the variables: Readaptation and Functional Reeducation; Wellness and Self Care; Symptom Control; Prevention of Complications; Psychological Support; Customer Satisfaction; Use of Health Services; Quality of Life; Promotion of Social Inclusion; Self-management of Disease and Health Promotion.Conclusions: This systematic review of the literature, which falls within the scope of the development of the discipline of Rehabilitation Nursing, aims to provide valid contributions to the corpus of knowledge on which its practice is based. The recognition of indicators sensitive to rehabilitation nursing care is an opportunity for reflection on praxis and a means of conducting to excellence in car

The Sensitive Indicators of Rehabilitation Nursing care, at the level of self-care, in people with respiratory disorders, a systematic review of the literature

With the increase in the average life expectancy, the appearance of chronic diseases and, in particular, in the respiratory forum and its disadvantages in the autonomy and self-care of patients, brought an important paradigm for health care and, in particular, rehabilitation nursing . Thus, it is imperative to systematize them in scientifically measurable indicators to demonstrate the benefit that rehabilitation nursing must improve patients' quality of life, thus ensuring excellence. Objective: To identify indicators sensitive to the rehabilitation of nursing care, at the level of self-care, in relation to people with respiratory pathology. Methods: A systematic review of the literature was performed using the EBSCO (full-text MEDLINE, CINAHL, Full-Text Plus, British Nursing Index), using the PI [C] O method with 6 emergent articles. Results: A total of 20 indicators were identified, including: Ability to perform activities, increase physical and functional independence, symptom management, reduction of complications, increase in quality of life Conclusion: Knowledge of indicators sensitive to nursing care recognition of the importance of rehabilitation nursing in increasing self-care and autonomy for people with respiratory pathology, and research in this area is fundamental for its effectiveness and efficiency

Sensitive indicators of Rehabilitation Nursing care at the level of self-care in people in the surgical process: Systematic Review of Literature

Given the complex surgical scenario that is observed today, the interventions of the Specialist Nursing Rehabilitation Nursing to the person in the surgical process are paramount for the maintenance of the functional capacities, prevention of complications and incapacitation of incapacities. However, it is necessary to provide individualized and fostered care in a practice of excellence. In order for quality of care to be measured, it is necessary to develop indicators that can translate it numerically. Objective: to identify indicators sensitive to nursing care of rehabilitation, at the level of self-care, in relation to people in the surgical process. Method: a systematic review of the literature was carried out using the EBSCO host (MEDLINE with Full Text, CINAHL Plus with Full Text and MedicLatina), using the PI [C] O method, and 11 articles were selected. Results: 41 indicators were identified: pain control, patient and family education, support and communication, reduction of postoperative complications, gain of functionality, restoration of physical function, mobility, multidisciplinary intervention and the frequency of interventions. Conclusion: it is considered that it was imperative to know indicators sensitive to rehabilitation nursing care, based on scientific evidence and thus provide an opportunity for nurses to reflect on their daily practices and conduct their actions towards excellence in care . However, it is recommended to invest more in this area, because each context of surgical care is unique and with its own specificities

RoboCup rescue : development of inteligent cooperative agents

Mestrado em Engenharia de Computadores e TelemáticaO trabalho desenvolvido nesta dissertação tem como tema o desenvolvimento de um agente inteligente com coordenação e comunicação no ambiente RoboCup Rescue. No RoboCup Rescue existem seis tipos de agentes, no entanto nesta tese só dois agentes foram desenvolvidos, especificamente o tipo de agentes Ambulâncias e Centros de Ambulâncias. O tipo de agente Ambulância é o elemento responsável pelo salvamento de civis na cidade virtual que constitui o ambiente RoboCup Rescue. Para cumprir essa tarefa da forma mais eficiente possível conta com coordenação e comunicação com outros agentes do mesmo tipo, e com os Centros de Ambulâncias. O comportamento da ambulância é modelado tanto para situações em que o Centro de Ambulâncias está presente durante a simulação, podendo, portanto, delegar funções para o Centro; como em situações em que o Centro não está presente, e, por isso, as ambulâncias estão encarregues de todo o processamento dos dados e de todas as tomadas de decisões. As actividades desenvolvidas pelas ambulâncias podem ser resumidas a duas: pesquisa e salvamento. Para a primeira as soluções passam muito pelo uso de algoritmos estudados em Teoria de Grafos, já que a cidade virtual é, na sua essência, um grafo, e são necessárias soluções para problemas como visitar o mapa completamente e determinar o caminho mais rápido entre dois nós. Na parte de salvamento a coordenação tem um grande papel a desempenhar.É necessário determinar que ambulâncias devem ir socorrer que civil, e quantas ambulâncias devem ajudar; ou que ambulâncias que devem continuar com a pesquisa do mapa. Ou seja, a coordenação é vital para uma utilização eficiente dos recursos disponíveis, e, consequentemente, uma boa pontuação. ABSTRACT: The work developed in this thesis has as background the development of an intelligent agent with coordination and communication in the environment of the RoboCup Rescue. RoboCup Rescue has six types of agents, however only two were developed in this thesis, specifically Ambulances and Ambulance Centers. The type of agent Ambulance is the element responsable for the rescuing of civilians in the virtual city which comprises the environment of RoboCup Rescue. To fulfill this task in the most efficient way possible it relies on coordination and communication with other agents of the same type, as well as Ambulance Centers. The behavior of an ambulance is modeled for situations when an Ambulance Center is available during the simulation, thus allowing the ambulances the possibility of dividing some of the processing and decision making; or, for situations when a center is not available and it is up to the ambulances to do make all of the decisions, and do all of the processing. The activities performed by the ambulances can be summarized in two: search, and rescue. For the first, many of the solutions may be provided by algorithms studied in Graph Theory, since the virtual city is, in its essence, a graph, and its necessary solutions to problems such as visit the city entirely, and determine the shortest path between two locations, or nodes. In the rescuing part, the coordination has a very big part to play. It is necessary to choose which ambulances should rescue a civilian, and how many should help doing it; or, which ambulances should continue searching the city for more civilians. In other words, coordination is vital for an efficient allocation of available resources, and, ultimately, a good score

Functional defict and sensitive outcomes to nursing care for elderly: Systematic literature review.

ABSTRACT Objective of this study was to determine sensitive outcomes to nursing care in relation to the functional deficit of people aged 65 and older. It is a Systematic Literature Review with qualitative synthesis and meta-analysis. From the qualitative synthesis, it was found that sensitive outcomes to nursing care, observed from structured intervention, were described as improvement of: functional status, self-care, symptom control, safety/adverse events, customer satisfaction, psychological support, decreased healthcare costs, therapeutic system management and quality of life. In meta-analysis we found that there is an improvement of effect on the level of sensitive outcomes to the nursing care between the experimental and control groups. It is noticed that it is necessary to rouse more guided study in clinical practice, to understand the importance of interventions sensitive to nursing care and health outcomes

Psychomotor intervention on eldelry with osteoarticular problems

This work will be based on a literature review on the particular aspects of rehabilitation in the elderly suffering from osteoarticular problems of the lower limbs, specifically arthrosis. The aging process is associated with body knowledge and motor decreases, mainly cognitive and motor. These decreases will contribute long-term to the reduction of autonomy and individual functionality. Studies have revealed that age and obesity are the main factors of the appearance of osteoarthrosis in the joints of the lower limbs, specifically the knee joint. Through this work, we intend to reinforce the importance of psychomotor intervention in preventing the development of disease, as well as the multidisciplinary dynamics between various areas in health