Suicide-associated factors in the medical class: meta-analysis and predictive inference / Factores associados ao suicídio na classe médica: meta-análise e inferência preditiva

Suicide is considered an important public health problem and with considerable rates around the world(1). Some population groups become more susceptible to this worsening of mental health. One of these classes is the medical one, and it has been affecting both health students as professionals. The estimated average of depression is 25%, representing a risk factor for suicidal ideation, and a frequency of 2.45 times higher when compared to other people(2).The Medical school requires an integral health (physical and mental), because there is a constant need for resistance to consecutive pressures to which students are subject(3). These situations may lead to the development of depression, bipolar disorder, addiction to alcohol and other drugs and much anxiety. All of these factors may contribute to a rate of 70% of suicide, being higher in doctors than in the general population(4).The high rates of suicide in the medical class incites the need for analyses and discussions on the topic, these points allow planning potential strategies for the development of health prevention. Thus, the objective of this study was to analyze suicide-associated factors in the medical class.In order to substantiate the study, a systematic literature search was performed on MEDINLIE, PUBMED, SciELO, SCOPUS, LILACS, Science Direct and Web of Science. Other relevant literatures were also considered, such as arguments of authority for reasoning.There was inclusion of studies without temporal clipping, due to the scarcity of studies specifically involving the medical class; available with abstract or in full, excluding studies with a high risk of bias analyzed by the GRADE system. There was analysis of risk factors for the development of suicide among students and doctors, as well as the proportion of the class affected.The information was collected with the use of descriptors and the following strategy: “risk factors" AND “suicide" AND doctors. The information extracted was the number of suicides and associated risk factors. A correlation analysis and proportion were carried out using the software Rtudio.Initially, 470 studies were found, of which 10 were selected to compose the reasoning and analysis. Figure 1 unveils the analysis of the association between the area (medicine) and the development of suicide and figure 2, the ratio of these cases

Utilização do fertilizante “fortcálcio” na cultura da soja em segunda safra no centro-oeste do Brasil / Use of “fortcalcio” fertilizer in soybean culture in second crop in central-west Brazil

O presente trabalho teve como objetivo utilizar o fertilizante FortCálcio como mais uma opção de fertilizante para cultura do milho implantada na região do Centro-Oeste brasileiro. O experimento foi conduzido na segunda safra do ano agrícola de 2020, na Fazenda Panamá, município de Itumbiara, estado de Goiás, no sistema de plantio direto sobre soqueira de soja, implantado pelo Núcleo de Estudo e Pesquisa em Fitotecnia, A localidade apresenta como coordenadas geográficas, 18°18’24’’S de latitude e 49°30’41’’W de longitude e 554 m de altitude. As características agronômicas “biometria das plantas” avaliadas foram, a população de plantas, realizada aos 30 dias após germinação (DAP), estudos da biometria das plantas (parte aérea) foi realizado no ato da colheita, altura de inserção da primeira espira, peso de mil grãos e produtividade em quilograma por hectare. Para avaliação da produtividade foram coletadas espigas de 10 plantas da área útil de cada parcela e efetuada a debulha manualmente com a pesagem dos grãos de cada parcela, e para o peso de mil grãos, com umidade padrão de 14%, foi utilizado uma bandeja para contagem dos mil grãos e pesado em balança de precisão. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos casualizados com um único fator, e as dose de FortCálcio utilizado foram em 7 níveis (T1: 0,0 Kg ha-1; T2: 200 Kg ha-1; T3: 250 Kg ha-1; T4: 300 Kg ha-1; T5: 350 Kg ha-1; T6: 400 Kg ha-1; T7: 450 Kg ha-1) e quatro repetições. Os dados foram analisados pelo programa SISVAR. Os dados obtidos foram submetidos à análise de variância, sendo as médias comparadas pelo teste Tukey, quando detectada significância para a ANOVA a p=0,05 de probabilidade para a comparação de médias. O uso do fertilizante do FortCálcio na cultura do milho, alcançou seu objetivo, fez com que a produtividade da cultura se mantasse dentro de uma média elevada e obteve um acréscimo em produtividade em comparação com controle absoluto “dose zero”

ASPECTOS CLÍNICO-EPIDEMIOLÓGICOS DA FEBRE MACULOSA BRASILEIRA: UMA PERSPECTIVA CONTEMPORÂNEA

Introduction: Brazilian Spotted Fever (BSF) is an infectious disease transmitted by ticks of the genus Amblyomma, whose main etiological agent is the bacterium Rickettsia rickettsii, manifesting itself through an acute febrile condition. Objective: This narrative review aimed to address the epidemiological and clinical aspects of Brazilian Spotted Fever in Brazil. Methodology: A descriptive study with a retrospective approach carried out through a literature search based on data obtained from articles available free of charge in the Medline, PubMed, Scopus and SciELO databases, published from 2013 to 2023. In order to address the main theme more broadly, gray literature and data from the Notifiable Diseases Information System - SINAN were also used, which were statically analyzed using the Epi Info and BioEstat programs. Results and Discussion: In Brazil, the main species of tick vectors of Rickettsia rickettsii, obligate intracellular Gram-negative bacilli that cause Rocky Mountain spotted fever are Amblyomma cajennense and A. aureolatum. Retrospective analysis of SINAN data found an average of 163.7 cases and a lethality of 31.6. The epidemiological study found a higher incidence and mortality from FMB in the Southeast Region, mainly in white men aged 20 to 60 years. Variables such as gender, race, age group, site of infection and macro-region were also relevant in the study. Prominent symptoms include fever, headache and myalgia, and may present a broad clinical spectrum with severe cases. Serology is the basis of diagnosis and indirect immunofluorescence is the preferred test. The treatment of choice is doxycycline from the tetracycline group. Conclusion: Early detection and appropriate treatment are important to reduce morbidity and mortality from tick-borne pathogens.Introdução: A Febre Maculosa Brasileira (FMB) é uma doença infecciosa transmitida por carrapatos do gênero Amblyomma, tendo como principal agente etiológico a bactéria Rickettsia rickettsii, manifestando-se por um quadro febril agudo. Objetivo: A presente revisão narrativa teve por objetivo abordar os aspectos epidemiológicos e clínicos da Febre Maculosa Brasileira no Brasil. Metodologia: Estudo de caráter descritivo e abordagem retrospectiva realizado por meio de uma pesquisa de literatura a partir dos dados obtidos em artigos disponíveis free no banco de dados Medline, PubMed, Scopus e SciELO, publicados no período de 2013 a 2023. Além disso, no intuito de abordar a temática principal de forma mais ampla, também se utilizou a literatura cinzenta e dados do Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação – SINAN, os quais foram analisados estaticamente por meio dos programas Epi Info e BioEstat. Resultados e Discussão: No Brasil, as principais espécies de carrapatos vetores da Rickettsia rickettsii, bacilos Gram-negativos intracelulares obrigatórios, causadora da febre maculosa são a Amblyomma cajennense e a A. aureolatum. A análise retrospectiva dos dados do SINAN constatou uma média de 163,7 casos e uma letalidade de 31,6. O estudo epidemiológico constatou uma maior incidência e mortalidade por FMB na Região Sudeste, principalmente em homens brancos com idade de 20 a 60 anos. Variáveis como sexo, raça, faixa etária, local de infecção e macrorregião também se mostraram relevantes no estudo. Os sintomas proeminentes incluem febre, cefaléia e mialgia, podendo apresentar um amplo espectro clínico com casos graves. A sorologia é a base do diagnóstico e a imunofluorescência indireta é o teste de preferência. O tratamento de escolha é a doxiciclina do grupo das tetraciclinas. Conclusão: A detecção precoce e o tratamento adequado são importantes para reduzir a morbidade e a mortalidade por patógenos transmitidos por carrapatos

NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES: a data set on carnivore distribution in the Neotropics

Mammalian carnivores are considered a key group in maintaining ecological health and can indicate potential ecological integrity in landscapes where they occur. Carnivores also hold high conservation value and their habitat requirements can guide management and conservation plans. The order Carnivora has 84 species from 8 families in the Neotropical region: Canidae; Felidae; Mephitidae; Mustelidae; Otariidae; Phocidae; Procyonidae; and Ursidae. Herein, we include published and unpublished data on native terrestrial Neotropical carnivores (Canidae; Felidae; Mephitidae; Mustelidae; Procyonidae; and Ursidae). NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES is a publicly available data set that includes 99,605 data entries from 35,511 unique georeferenced coordinates. Detection/non-detection and quantitative data were obtained from 1818 to 2018 by researchers, governmental agencies, non-governmental organizations, and private consultants. Data were collected using several methods including camera trapping, museum collections, roadkill, line transect, and opportunistic records. Literature (peer-reviewed and grey literature) from Portuguese, Spanish and English were incorporated in this compilation. Most of the data set consists of detection data entries (n = 79,343; 79.7%) but also includes non-detection data (n = 20,262; 20.3%). Of those, 43.3% also include count data (n = 43,151). The information available in NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES will contribute to macroecological, ecological, and conservation questions in multiple spatio-temporal perspectives. As carnivores play key roles in trophic interactions, a better understanding of their distribution and habitat requirements are essential to establish conservation management plans and safeguard the future ecological health of Neotropical ecosystems. Our data paper, combined with other large-scale data sets, has great potential to clarify species distribution and related ecological processes within the Neotropics. There are no copyright restrictions and no restriction for using data from this data paper, as long as the data paper is cited as the source of the information used. We also request that users inform us of how they intend to use the data

Neotropical xenarthrans: a dataset of occurrence of xenarthran species in the Neotropics.

International audienceXenarthrans—anteaters, sloths, and armadillos—have essential functions forecosystem maintenance, such as insect control and nutrient cycling, playing key roles as ecosys-tem engineers. Because of habitat loss and fragmentation, hunting pressure, and conflicts withdomestic dogs, these species have been threatened locally, regionally, or even across their fulldistribution ranges. The Neotropics harbor 21 species of armadillos, 10 anteaters, and 6 sloths.Our data set includes the families Chlamyphoridae (13), Dasypodidae (7), Myrmecophagidae(3), Bradypodidae (4), and Megalonychidae (2). We have no occurrence data onDasypus pilo-sus(Dasypodidae). Regarding Cyclopedidae, until recently, only one species was recognized,but new genetic studies have revealed that the group is represented by seven species. In thisdata paper, we compiled a total of 42,528 records of 31 species, represented by occurrence andquantitative data, totaling 24,847 unique georeferenced records. The geographic range is fromthe southern United States, Mexico, and Caribbean countries at the northern portion of theNeotropics, to the austral distribution in Argentina, Paraguay, Chile, and Uruguay. Regardinganteaters,Myrmecophaga tridactylahas the most records (n=5,941), andCyclopessp. havethe fewest (n=240). The armadillo species with the most data isDasypus novemcinctus(n=11,588), and the fewest data are recorded forCalyptophractus retusus(n=33). Withregard to sloth species,Bradypus variegatushas the most records (n=962), andBradypus pyg-maeushas the fewest (n=12). Our main objective with Neotropical Xenarthrans is to makeoccurrence and quantitative data available to facilitate more ecological research, particularly ifwe integrate the xenarthran data with other data sets of Neotropical Series that will become available very soon (i.e., Neotropical Carnivores, Neotropical Invasive Mammals, andNeotropical Hunters and Dogs). Therefore, studies on trophic cascades, hunting pressure,habitat loss, fragmentation effects, species invasion, and climate change effects will be possiblewith the Neotropical Xenarthrans data set. Please cite this data paper when using its data inpublications. We also request that researchers and teachers inform us of how they are usingthese data