Implantación de un visor GIS con software libre en la Comunidad de Regantes del Trasvase Tajo-Segura de Totana, Murcia

En el ámbito del desarrollo de software orientado a la implementación de sistemas de información geográfica, una de las empresas de referencia a nivel internacional es la multinacional estadounidense Esri. En particular, en el contexto de los visores cartográficos para la web, por la experiencia del usuario que aportan. No obstante, la utilización de visores, tal y como los ofrece Esri en su sitio web, queda circunscrita al consumo de servicios ArcGIS Server, que sólo se pueden gestionar mediante la aplicación de Esri ArcGIS for Server. El elevado coste de la adquisición de este software propicia, en muchos casos, la búsqueda de soluciones alternativas, que casi siempre pasan por la utilización de librerías de desarrollo de código abierto, como son OpenLayers, GeoExt y ExtJS, entre otras. En este trabajo se plantea una propuesta que aprovecha las características funcionales del visor de Esri, evitando recurrir a ArcGIS for Server como servidor de mapas. Esto es posible gracias a la generación de servicios WMS y WFS a partir de software libre (servidores de mapas MapServer o GeoServer) y, al hecho de que Esri mantenga liberado bajo la licencia Apache 2.0 el código de su visor, permitiendo la alteración del código, lo que permite implementar capacidades funcionales nuevas, como la recuperación interactiva de datos temáticos (operación GetFeatureInfo en servicios WMS) y las búsquedas multicriterio sobre el mapa (operación GetFeature en servicios WFS). Este visor de La Compañía® ha sido implantado con éxito en la Comunidad de Regantes del Trasvase Tajo-Segura de Totana en Murcia, poniendo de manifiesto de que con software libre es posible construir visores con las mismas y/o mejores funcionalidades que los visores implementados con software propietario, y reforzar las ventajas en el ahorro de costes aplicando software libre, logrando con ello independencia tecnológica de las empresas que comercializan software propietario

KIR+ CD8+ T Lymphocytes in Cancer Immunosurveillance and Patient Survival: Gene Expression Profiling

Killer-cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIR) are molecules expressed by the most important cells of the immune system for cancer immune vigilance, natural killer (NK) and effector T cells. In this manuscript we study the role that cytotoxic CD8+ T cells expressing KIR receptors could play in cancer immune surveillance. With this objective, frequencies of different KIR+ CD8+ T cell subsets are correlated with the overall survival of patients with melanoma, ovarian and bladder carcinomas. In addition, the gene expression profile of KIR+ CD8+ T cell subsets related to the survival of patients is studied with the aim of discovering new therapeutic targets, so that the outcome of patients with cancer can be improved. Killer-cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIR) are expressed by natural killer (NK) and effector T cells. Although KIR+ T cells accumulate in oncologic patients, their role in cancer immune response remains elusive. This study explored the role of KIR+CD8+ T cells in cancer immunosurveillance by analyzing their frequency at diagnosis in the blood of 249 patients (80 melanomas, 80 bladder cancers, and 89 ovarian cancers), their relationship with overall survival (OS) of patients, and their gene expression profiles. KIR2DL1+ CD8+ T cells expanded in the presence of HLA-C2-ligands in patients who survived, but it did not in patients who died. In contrast, presence of HLA-C1-ligands was associated with dose-dependent expansions of KIR2DL2/S2+ CD8+ T cells and with shorter OS. KIR interactions with their specific ligands profoundly impacted CD8+ T cell expression profiles, involving multiple signaling pathways, effector functions, the secretome, and consequently, the cellular microenvironment, which could impact their cancer immunosurveillance capacities. KIR2DL1/S1+ CD8+ T cells showed a gene expression signature related to efficient tumor immunosurveillance, whereas KIR2DL2/L3/S2+CD8+ T cells showed transcriptomic profiles related to suppressive anti-tumor responses. These results could be the basis for the discovery of new therapeutic targets so that the outcome of patients with cancer can be improved

KIR+ CD8+ T Lymphocytes in Cancer Immunosurveillance and Patient Survival: Gene Expression Profiling

Killer-cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIR) are expressed by natural killer (NK) and effector T cells. Although KIR+ T cells accumulate in oncologic patients, their role in cancer immune response remains elusive. This study explored the role of KIR+CD8+ T cells in cancer immunosurveillance by analyzing their frequency at diagnosis in the blood of 249 patients (80 melanomas, 80 bladder cancers, and 89 ovarian cancers), their relationship with overall survival (OS) of patients, and their gene expression profiles. KIR2DL1+ CD8+ T cells expanded in the presence of HLA-C2-ligands in patients who survived, but it did not in patients who died. In contrast, presence of HLA-C1-ligands was associated with dose-dependent expansions of KIR2DL2/S2+ CD8+ T cells and with shorter OS. KIR interactions with their specific ligands profoundly impacted CD8+ T cell expression profiles, involving multiple signaling pathways, effector functions, the secretome, and consequently, the cellular microenvironment, which could impact their cancer immunosurveillance capacities. KIR2DL1/S1+ CD8+ T cells showed a gene expression signature related to efficient tumor immunosurveillance, whereas KIR2DL2/L3/S2+CD8+ T cells showed transcriptomic profiles related to suppressive anti-tumor responses. These results could be the basis for the discovery of new therapeutic targets so that the outcome of patients with cancer can be improved.This research was funded by the Spanish Ministry of Economy—Institute of Health Carlos III (PI1302297), Fundación Mutua Madrileña (AP74392010), and Fundación Séneca de la Agencia de Ciencia y Tecnología, Región de Murcia, (20812-PI-18). M.V. Martínez-Sánchez was funded by the Asociación Pablo Ugarte (APU).Ye