Performance Improvement Based Authentication Protocol for Intervessel Traffic Service Data Exchange Format Protocol Based on U-Navigation System in WoT Environment

International Association of Lighthouse Authorities (IALA) is developing the standard intersystem VTS exchange format (IVEF) protocol for exchange of navigation and vessel information between VTS systems and between VTS and vessels. VTS (vessel traffic system) is an important marine traffic monitoring system which is designed to improve the safety and efficiency of navigation and the protection of the marine environment. And the demand of Inter-VTS networking has been increased for realization of e-Navigation as shore side collaboration for maritime safety. And IVEF (inter-VTS data exchange format) for inter-VTS network has become a hot research topic of VTS system. Currently, the IVEF developed by the International Association of Lighthouse Authorities (IALA) does not include any highly trusted certification technology for the connectors. The output of standardization is distributed as the IALA recommendation V-145, and the protocol is implemented with an open source. The IVEF open source, however, is the code used to check the functions of standard protocols. It is too slow to be used in the field and requires a large memory. And the vessel traffic information requires high security since it is highly protected by the countries. Therefore, this paper suggests the authentication protocol to increase the security of the VTS systems using the main certification server and IVEF

Balanced RFID Tag Antenna Mountable on Metallic Plates

A novel balanced tag antenna for radio frequency identification (RFID) system is presented. The radiating elements of two planar inverted-F antennas (PIFAs) are inductively coupled by the feed loop with out of phase. The balanced structure provides smaller degradation of performances when an RFID tag is mounted on the various sizes of metal plates. The HFSS simulator is employed to analyze the proposed antenna in the design process and to compare with measured results

Internal Antenna for UHF-band Mobile RFID System

UHF-band radio frequency identification (RFID) antenna for mobile handset applications is presented. The proposed antenna consists of a radiating element and a parasitic element connected to the ground plane. The radiation pattern of proposed antenna is orthogonal to that of a monopole antenna. The impedance bandwidth (902 MHz ~ 923 MHz) covers a Korea mobile RFID service (908.55 MHz ~ 913.95 MHz). The measured antenna peak gain is -0.37 dBi at 911 MHz

Crab shaped Antenna for RFID Tag at UHF Band

A crab shaped tag antenna which has a better performance than conventional label type of tag antenna is proposed for UHF band RFID systems. The proposed antenna is a dipole with T-matching network, and parasitic loop is inserted to the T-matching network. The antenna is analyzed by simulator, Ansoft HFSS software, and the measured results based on backscattering method are presented

Access control and authorization for security of RFID multi-domain using SAML and XACML

The necessity of collaboration between different RFID applications domains is becoming significant. The previous works on security and privacy in RFID system, it's commonly assumed that all RFID tags belong to a single RFID system. In this paper, we propose an access control and authorization for security of RFID multi-domain. We employ Security Assertion Markup Language (SAML) and eXtensible Access Control Markup Language (XACML). SAML and XACML are well defined and applied to web security and grid security. We show the possibility of our approach through a case study

SIW-Fed Patch Array Filtenna With Significant Suppression of Adjacent 5G Spectrum for Radio Altimeters

We propose a $2\times2$ patch array filtenna specifically designed for radio altimeter applications with significant suppression of unwanted adjacent 5G spectrum signals. The patch radiator is carefully selected to meet the radiation requirement of radio altimeters and the substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) feeding network is meticulously designed to provide shielding property and excellent suppression level for adjacent 5G spectrum through the evanescent mode characteristic. In specific, the proposed filtenna harnesses inherent suppression characteristic of low-band RF signals below a cutoff frequency in the SIW feeding network, eliminating the need for additional filtering geometries. The proposed filtenna is fabricated and measured, and experimental results confirm its effective operation in the radio altimeter band (4.2–4.4 GHz), exhibiting successful suppression of 5G spectrum (3.4–4 GHz) by 40.70-dB to 43.26-dB. Comparative analysis reveals that the proposed filtenna demonstrates superior suppression level for adjacent spectrums compared to previous planar array filtennas

Hydrodynamic Measurements of Propagating Waves at Different Nearshore Depths in Hujeong Beach, Korea

This paper reports the results of hydrodynamic measurements at two different water depths to observe wave properties in the course of wave propagation, especially during storm periods, in Hujeong Beach, Korea. In addition to hydrodynamic measurements, video monitoring data and satellite images from Sentinel-II were employed to compare the temporal changes in shoreline positions and shallow water bathymetry during the storms. Through combination of a variety of observational data sets, the accuracy of analysis could be enhanced by preventing possible misinterpretation. Two significant storms were observed from two experiments conducted at different times and locations of the beach. The hydrodynamic conditions were similar in both of the periods in terms of wave and current conditions as well as wave nonlinearity such as skewness. However, the response of shoreline during the two storms was the opposite because it was eroded during the first storm but advanced during the second storm. This suggests that other controlling factors such as storm duration need to be investigated to support the analysis of cross-shore sediment transport and consequent shoreline evolution for future studies

Swash-Zone Formula Evaluation of Morphological Variation in Haeundae Beach, Korea

In this study, a swash-zone model, using Larson and Wamsley formula (LW07), was combined into the Telemac-2D model system to examine the performance of modeling swash-zone processes through comparisons with field observation data. The experimental site was the Haeundae Beach in South Korea where Typhoon Phanfone occurred in October 2014, and bathymetric surveys were performed before and after the typhoon. Hydrodynamic data were also measured to validate the modeled data. The performance of LW07 was tested by running the model in two modes, with and without LW07. First, the model was run to simulate the shoreline response to an imaginary coastal breakwater. The result showed a clear discrepancy between the two modes as the sediments were considerably cumulated behind the breakwater in the case with the swash-zone formula (LW07) in the wide range along the shoreline behind the breakwater, indicating that the sediments more actively and rapidly responded to the shadowing by the breakwater with LW07. The model was also run for a realistic case from August to October 2014, which included the typhoon’s period during 2–6 October. The results showed that the morphological changes at both ends of the beach in the swash zone were simulated with higher accuracy with LW07, supporting the effectiveness of LW07 in simulating the short-term morphological changes induced by the typhoon attack. In particular, the successful simulation of the sand accumulation at the end sides of the beach’s swash zone indicates that LW07 was effective in estimating not only the cross-shore transport but also longshore transport, which was likely due to the characteristics of LW07 that calculated sand transport in both directions. The enhanced modeling performance with LW07 was likely due to the adjustment of the sediment transport rate to the instantaneous changes in the local beach slope, which could successfully control the erosion/accretion process in the swash zone more realistically