Cerebral Infarction in IgG Multiple Myeloma with Hyperviscosity

Cerebral infarction is an uncommon complication in multiple myeloma with hyperviscosity. Serum hyperviscosity may cause a variety of clinical manifestations including bleeding from mucosal membranes, congestive heart failure, retinopathy, and various neurologic deficits. These manifestations have been attributed to the presence of large quantities of asymmetrical molecules of high molecular weight in the serum. We recently experienced a case of multiple myeloma with acute cerebral infarction, which caused by hyperviscosity, as an initial manifestation in IgG multiple myeloma, and reviewed the relevant literature of myeloma presenting with the stroke. A 68-yr-old woman abruptly developed hypesthesia and monoplegia in the left leg. The stroke confirmed by the brain MRI and MR angiography, which revealed acute infarction at the right anterior cerebral artery territory. On admission, routine blood tests showed a slight decrease in hemoglobin and a marked increase in erythrocyte sedimentation rate. Peripheral blood smear, serum protein electrophoresis, serum visocity, and bone marrow aspiration showed that she had IgG multiple myeloma with hyperviscosity. She was treated by chemotherapy with cyclophosphamide and discharged with the improved clinical condition

Canine model of ischemic stroke with permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion: clinical and histopathological findings

The aim of the present study was to assess the clinical and histopathological findings in a canine model of ischemic stroke. Cerebral ischemic stroke was induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion in four healthy beagle dogs using silicone plugs. They showed neurological signs of forebrain dysfunction such as reduced responsiveness, head turning, circling, postural reaction deficits, perceptual deficits, and hemianopsia. These signs gradually regressed within 4 weeks without therapy. On magnetic resonance imaging, T2 hyperintensity and T1 hypointensity were found in the cerebral cortex and basal ganglia. These lesions were well-defined and sharply demarcated from adjacent brain parenchyma with a homogenous appearance. No abnormalities of the cerebrospinal fluid were observed. At necropsy, atrophic and necrotic lesions were observed in the cerebral cortex. The cerebral cortex, basal ganglia, and thalamus were partially unstained with triphenyl-tetrazolium chloride. Histopathologically, typical features of infarction were identified in cortical and thalamic lesions. This study demonstrates that our canine model resembles the conditions of real stroke patients

Minimal information for studies of extracellular vesicles (MISEV2023): From basic to advanced approaches

Extracellular vesicles (EVs), through their complex cargo, can reflect the state of their cell of origin and change the functions and phenotypes of other cells. These features indicate strong biomarker and therapeutic potential and have generated broad interest, as evidenced by the steady year-on-year increase in the numbers of scientific publications about EVs. Important advances have been made in EV metrology and in understanding and applying EV biology. However, hurdles remain to realising the potential of EVs in domains ranging from basic biology to clinical applications due to challenges in EV nomenclature, separation from non-vesicular extracellular particles, characterisation and functional studies. To address the challenges and opportunities in this rapidly evolving field, the International Society for Extracellular Vesicles (ISEV) updates its 'Minimal Information for Studies of Extracellular Vesicles', which was first published in 2014 and then in 2018 as MISEV2014 and MISEV2018, respectively. The goal of the current document, MISEV2023, is to provide researchers with an updated snapshot of available approaches and their advantages and limitations for production, separation and characterisation of EVs from multiple sources, including cell culture, body fluids and solid tissues. In addition to presenting the latest state of the art in basic principles of EV research, this document also covers advanced techniques and approaches that are currently expanding the boundaries of the field. MISEV2023 also includes new sections on EV release and uptake and a brief discussion of in vivo approaches to study EVs. Compiling feedback from ISEV expert task forces and more than 1000 researchers, this document conveys the current state of EV research to facilitate robust scientific discoveries and move the field forward even more rapidly

2014 경제발전경험모듈화사업 : 마약청정국을 위한 우리나라의 정책수립 경험

Summary Chapter 1 Introduction 1. Introduction: Korean Government Efforts to Keep the Country Drug-Free 2. Change in the Environment and Threat Factor Chapter 2 Criminal Proceeds Confiscation System for Restriction of Narcotics Offenders 1. Background of the Legislation 2. Introduction of Criminal Proceeds Confiscation System 3. Meaning of Criminal Proceeds Confiscation System Chapter 3 Introduction and Operation Trends of Criminal Proceeds Confiscation System of Various Countries 1. Criminal Proceeds Confiscation System of Various Countries 2. Comparison of Criminal Proceeds Confiscation and Collection System of Various Countries Chapter 4 Enactment and Operation Status of 「Act on Special Cases Concerning the Confiscations of Criminal」 Proceeds 1. Enactment of the 「Act on Special Cases Concerning the Prevention of Illegal Trafficking in Narcotics, etc.」 2. Granting of Duty of Cooperation on Financial Institutions 3. Construction of Pan-National Narcotic Crime Response System 4. Creation of the Organization in Charge of Confiscation of Crime Profit Chapter 5 Factors for Successful Confiscation and Collection – Main Examples 1. Factors for Successful Confiscation and Collection 2. Confiscation and Collection of Proceeds from Smuggling and Trafficking of Methamphetamine [Case 1] 3. Large-Scale Arrest of Drug Substitute Traffickers [Case 2] 4. Confiscation of Illegal Profit and Property of Drug Crime [Case 3] 5. Confiscation and Collection of Methamphetamine Sales Profit [Case 4] 6. Problem and Improvement Plan for Deprivation of Narcotics Fund 7. Analysis of Performance of Criminal Proceeds Confiscation System in Korea Chapter 6 Suggestion for Establishment of Policy for Developing Countries 1. Active Securing of Means of Investigation 2. Alert of Investigation Expediency 3. Securing Professional Investigation Personnel and Fund Tracing Education 4. Relaxation of Saving Confidentiality Principle 5. Expansion of Obligation of Financial Institutions 6. Expansion of Role of Korea Financial Intelligence Unit (FIU) 7. Close Cooperative Investigation and Cooperation Relation References Appendice

Rheological characterization of composites using a vertical oscillation rheometer

Objectives The purpose of this study was to investigate the viscoelastic properties related to the handling characteristics of composites. Methods A custom-designed vertical oscillation rheometer (VOR) was used for the rheological measurements of composites. The VOR consists of three parts: (1) a measuring unit, (2) a deformation induction unit, and (3) a force-detecting unit. Two medium-viscous composites, Z100 and Z250, and two packable composites, P60 and SureFil, were tested. A dynamic oscillatory test was used to evaluate the storage modulus (E′), loss modulus (E″), and loss tangent (tan δ) of the composites as a function of frequency (ω) from 0.1 to 20 Hz at 23 °C. Results The E′ and E″ increased with increasing frequency and showed differences in magnitude among brands. The complex moduli E* of the composites at ω = 2 Hz, normalized to that of Z100, were 2.16 (Z250), 4.80 (P60), and 25.21 (SureFil). The magnitudes and frequency characteristic of loss tangent differed significantly among brands. The relationship among the complex modulus E*, the phase angle δ, and the frequency ω was represented by the frequency domain phasor form E*(ω)eiδ = E*(ω)δ. Significance The viscoelasticities of composites, which influence handling characteristics, are significantly different among brands. The VOR is a relatively simple device for the dynamic rheological measurement of dental composites. The loci of the frequency domain phasor plots in a complex plane are a valuable method of representing the viscoelastic properties of composites.This study was supported in part by a grant (no. 03-PJ1-PG1- CH09-0001) from the Ministry of Health andWelfare, Republic of Korea

Exploring TEM Coherence Properties via Speckle Contrast Analysis in Coherent Electron Scattering of Amorphous Material

We investigate the coherence properties of a transmission electron microscope by analyzing nano-diffraction speckles originating from bulk metallic glass. The spatial correlation function of the coherent diffraction patterns, obtained in the transmission geometry, reveals the highly coherent nature of the electron probe beam and its spatial dimension incident on the sample. Quantitative agreement between the measured speckle contrast and an analytical model yields estimates for the transverse and longitudinal coherence lengths of the source. We also demonstrate that the coherence can be controlled by changing the beam convergence angle. Our findings underscore the preservation of electron beam coherence throughout the electron optics, as evidenced by the high-contrast speckles observed in the scattering patterns of the amorphous system. This study paves the way for the application of advanced coherent diffraction methodologies to investigate local structures and dynamics occurring at atomic-length scales across a diverse range of materials

Information Resources and Material Selection in Bonded Restorations Among Korean Dentists

Purpose: To elucidate how dentists access knowledge sources when choosing adhesive agents for bonded restoration and whether these resources influenced the selection of materials. Materials and Methods: A national survey was carried out involving dentists in South Korea. The questionnaire included the status of the operator, clinical techniques, and materials. A total of 12,193 e-mails were distributed, 2632 were opened by recipients, and 840 responses were collected. Results: For primary information resources in material selection, 55.8% (n = 469) of the responders mentioned continuing education. This selection criteria varied according to the working status of the clinician (p < 0.0001). The choice of bonding system was influenced by of the length of the career (p < 0.0001), and the preferred bonding systems differed according to the source of the information (p = 0.035). Conclusion: The popular bonding systems were not ranked according to the bonding strategy, but a preference was found for specific brands or manufacturers. To decrease the confusion of clinicians related to the selection of bonding materials, evidence-based guidelines need to be comprehensibly organized and efficiently approached in clinics.