THE ASSESSMENT OF PSYCHOPATHIC TRAITS IN PERPERTRATORS WITH SCHIZOPHRENIA AND PSYCHOPATHY AS COMORBIDITY

This paper discusses the assessment of psychopatic traits in perpetrators with schizofrenia in the light of common assumption that perpetrators with schizofrenia are not homogenic group but rather heterogenic group whose future risk does not rest exclusively on the psychopathology of the underlying disease. Our sample consists of 150 perperators with schizofrenia who commited a criminal act and were subjects of forensic evaluation in the Unive throughout a period of 11 years. All data were extracted from written evaluations. In our research, the assessment of psychopatic trait was performed by PCL-R (Psychopathy Checklist- Revised) - the assessment tool rarely used in Croatia. Data were analysed by methods of descriptive statistics and multivariant discriminatory analysis. Our results show that some of psychopatic traits exist in all of our evaluees, but with markedly different intensity. The average PCL-R score was 19,92 (SD=8,30), and by defining the cut off at 26, our subjects were divided into two groups: subjects with a higher level of psychopathy trait (High-P) and those with a lower level of psychopathy trait (Low-P). These two groups showed significant differences in all of the items. The confirmation of our hypothesis opens new areas for discussion and future research: problem of comorbidites in patients with schizofrenia in a forensic setting and a rationale for the routine usage of PCL-R in forensic evaluations

Koagulacija krvi i lipidi u serumu (Studija stanovništva)

Two population groups differing in dietary habits and physical activity were examined on blood lipids and blood coagulability. The results showed a higher lipid concentration and shorter clotting time in the physically less active group, having a higher fat and caloric intake.Dvije populacione grupe, koje se razlikuju po svojoj prehrani, a osobito po povećanoj potrošnji masnoća i smanjenom fizičkom aktivitetu, ispitivane su s obzirom na nivo krvnih lipida i na koagulabilitet krvi. Rezultati pokazuju, da prehrana, osobito povećana potrošnja animalnih masnoća, te smanjena psihička aktivnost utječu na povećanje nivoa krvnih lipida i bržeg koagulabiliteta krvi mjerenog kao vrijeme zgrušavanja i protrombinsko vrijeme. Ti rezultati potvrđuju već ranija zapažanja autora o povećanom koagulabilitetu krvi u populacionim grupama, koje se istovremeno razlikuju i u koncentraciji krvnih lipida i u učestalosti koronarnih bolesti

ORTOEPSKA ODSTUPANJA U TELEVIZIJSKIM DNEVNICIMA

Budući da su govorni mediji danas u velikom usponu, zanimljivo je pogledati kakav nam govorni model nude. Da bih to utvrdila, analizirala sam govor spikera i novinara televizijskih dnevnika. Pokazalo se da su odstupanja od govorne norme najveća u zanaglasnim dužinama, u prebacivanju naglaska na prislonjenicu, u hiperkorektnom izgovoru glasova i u izgovaranju stranih imena. Kako međutim govorna norma nije uvijek jasno odredena, nije uvijek ni moguće utvrditi je li nešto greška ili ne

Collection-level cataloguing of printed ephemera

Opis građe koju svrstavamo u sitni tisak nije uključen u postojeće norme za opis knjižnične građe. Budući da je riječ o građi koja je po svojoj namjeni, načinu proizvodnje i raspačavanja, formatu, opsegu, grafičkom oblikovanju i oblikovanju podataka različita od uobičajene knjižnične građe koja je proizvod profesionalne nakladničke djelatnosti, s njom se postupa na specifičan način. Združivanjem više fizički i nakladnički nepovezanih jedinica građe, prema nekom zajedničkom elementu (tema, porijeklo), u jedan bibliografski zapis, građu kojoj nedostaju bibliografski podaci za pojedinačan opis moguće je opisati jednim zbirnim opisom koji objedinjuje sve jedinice unutar jedne takve umjetno stvorene zbirke. Katalogizacija na razini zbirnog opisa razlikuje se od knjižnice do knjižnice – u ovom je radu detaljno prikazana praksa katalogizacije u Nacionalnoj i sveučilišnoj knjižnici u Zagrebu.Cataloguing and describing of ephemera is not included in the present standards and rules of bibliographic description. The term refers to the material which, by its purpose, manner of production and distribution, format, size, graphic design and presentation of data, differs from typical library items which are the products of the professional publishing industry, and it needs to be treated in a specific way. Even the publishing process is not the same for the items of printed ephemera as for printed monographs. Since ephemera are too numeruous to describe undividually, collection bibliographic records are created for a group of items which share unifying aspects such as subject or issuing body. The propositions for collection-level description of printed ephemera vary form library to library. The paper describes in detail the practice and rules for the collection-level bibliographic record description of printed ephemera in the National and University Library in Zagreb

Nutritional state of apprentices a boarding school of a factory at Zagreb

Ispitano je stanje prehrane u domu učenika u privredi jedne zagrebačke tvornice pomoću laboratorijskih i kliničkih metoda. Vrijednost hrane je zadovoljavala. Rezultati dobiveni na temelju indeksa visine i težine tijela pokazuju dobar fizički razvoj i dobro stanje uhranjenosti.The pupils of the boarding school for apprentices of a factory at Zagreb were examined by means of laboratory and clinical methods. The standard proved satisfactory. The results obtained on the basis of indices of height and weight show good physical development and satisfactory nutritional state

PSYCHOPATHY – HISTORICAL CONTROVERSIES AND NEW DIAGNOSTIC APPROACH

Psychopathy as a mental disorder or construct, although not included in the currently valid classification systems, is increasingly attracting the attention of professionals and researchers involved in the field of mental health. Interest in psychopathy has particularly grown after the announcement of the new classification system DSM V, in which psychopathy is referred to as a defined diagnosis in the context of six new personality disorders. This paper presents the historical development of psychopathy, classification systems, the PCL-R as a measuring instrument for assessing psychopathy, similarities and differences with Dissocial or Antisocial personality disorder, and its biological correlates. In accordance with the new trends in the diagnosis of mental disorders, the need for training in the application of the mentioned instrument for the precise diagnosis of psychopathy is highlighted

Dermatosurgery in Dermatology

Glavne prednosti dermatokirurgije jesu njezina jednostavnost i djelotvornost. Ipak, zahvati učinjeni bez prave indikacije mogu rezultirati zaostajanjem ožiljaka i mogućim komplikacijama. Autorica opisuje niz dermatokirurških tehnika i postupaka kojima se koristimo za tretiranje dobroćudnih i malignih kožnih poremećaja. Ispravan odabir postupka ovisi o diferencijalnoj dijagnozi, tipu i veličini zahvata. U radu se opisuju i moguće komplikacije u dermatokirurškoj praksi.The main quality of dermatosurgery lies in its simplicity and effectiveness. Nevertheless, interventions without adequate indication may result in unnecessary scaring and various complications. A range of techniques for treating benign and malignant skin disorders are described in the article. The correct surgical procedure depends on the differential diagnosis, and the type and extent of treatment. The author provides an overview of basic dermatosurgical techniques and possible complications in dermatosurgical practice

Kožne nuspojave u bolesnika na ciljanoj terapiji raka kolorektuma

Research in cancer development has led to the new treatment strategies based on gene and protein changes in cells that cause cancer. Such targeted drugs work differently than standard chemotherapy agents, and have different and usually less severe side effects. Targeted chemotherapies have, however, enormous cutaneous adverse events which may lead to poor adherence, dose interruption and discontinuation of these therapeutic regimens. Skin changes have a significant influence on the quality of life of affected patients. In colorectal cancer, several targeted drugs are currently employed. Agents administered in colorectal cancer that have resulted in significant cutaneous side effects include primarily the epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors (EGFRIs) and capecitabine. Common EGFRIs dermatologic adverse events are acneiform rash and xerosis. Less common findings are paronychia, regulatory abnormalities of hair growth, maculopapular rash, mucositis and postinflammatory hyperpigmentation. Management of skin rash should be individualized for each patient, depending on the type, severity and location of the skin toxicity caused by EGFRIs. Hand-foot syndrome (HFS), or palmar-plantar erythrodysestesia, is the most common dose-limiting toxicity and the only clinically significant adverse event that frequently occurs with capecitabine compared to 5-FU/leucovorin intravenous administration. Cutaneous side effects affect compliance, patients’ quality of life, as well as the therapy regimen. It is important to recognize and treat, as well as to administer efficacious prophylactic and therapeutic measures in a timely manner. This enables regular administration of adequate chemotherapy regimens and prolongs lives of oncology patients. Studies have demonstrated a positive correlation between treatment efficacy and cutaneous side effects for both EGFRI and capecitabine. Therefore, cutaneous side effects can serve as a predictor of improved survival in these patients. Since frequency and severity of skin lesions are dose-dependent, a gradual increase in dose until a cutaneous side-effect develops might be a good strategy to maximize the efficacy of EGFRIs and capecitabine.Istraživanja nastanka zloćudnih tumora dovela su do novih vrsta liječenja koje se zasnivaju na promjenama gena i proteina u stanicama zloćudnih tumora. Takvi ciljani lijekovi imaju drugačiji mehanizam djelovanja od standardnih citostatika, te obično blaže nuspojave. Ciljani lijekovi međutim imaju značajne nuspojave na koži koje mogu dovesti do slabije suradljivosti bolesnika, izostavljanja pojedinačne doze ali i prekida liječenja. Promjene na koži znatno utječu na kvalitetu života bolesnika. U liječenju kolorektalnog karcinoma primjenjuje se nekoliko ciljanih lijekova. Od njih značajne nuspojave na koži imaju inhibitori epidermalnog čimbenika rasta (EGFRI), te kapecitabin. Česte dermatološke nuspojave EGFRI su akneiformni osip i suhoća kože, dok su manje česti paronihija, poremećaji u rastu dlaka, makulopapulozni osip, mukozitis i postinflamatorne hiperpigmentacije. Liječenje nuspojava na koži treba biti prilagođeno svakom bolesniku, ovisno o vrsti, težini i mjestu nastanka promjena. Hand-foot syndrom (HFS, sindrom šaka i stopala) ili palmo-plantarna eritrodizestezija je najčešća toksičnost koja ograničava doziranje lijeka i jedina klinički značajna nuspojava koja se često javlja tijekom liječenja kapecitabinom u usporedbi s intravenskom primjenom 5-FU/ leukovorina. Nuspojave na koži utječu na suradljivost, kvalitetu života bolesnika te provođenje terapije. Važno je na vrijeme prepoznati, liječiti te primijeniti učinkovite profilaktičke i terapijske mjere. Na taj način se osigurava redovita primjena odgovarajuće terapije i produžava život onkoloških bolesnika. Kliničkim studijama je dokazana pozitivna povezanost učinkovitosti liječenja onkoloških bolesnika i nuspojava na koži kod uporabe EGFRI i kapecitabina. Stoga nuspojave na koži mogu poslužiti kao prediktor boljeg ishoda bolesnika. Budući su učestalost i težina nuspojava na koži ovisne o dozi lijeka, postupno povišenje doze do pojave nuspojava na koži može biti dobar način povećanja učinkovitosti kako EGFRi tako i kapecitabina