Formulasi Nanoemulsi Ekstrak Etanol Buah Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench.) dan Uji Aktifitas Antikolesterol secara In-vitro

Okra fruit has a flavonoid, phytosterol and pectin content, which is potential as an anticholesterol agent. The pharmacological activity of ethanol extract 70 % of okra fruit (EEOF) can be improved by forming nanoemulsion. This study aimed to prepare an ethanol extract 70 % and nanoemulsion of okra fruit and to prove the cholesterol inhibition in vitro EEOF is smaller than the nanoemulsion of EEOF. The okra fruit was extracted by kinetic maceration, the EEOF was analyzed by a phytochemical screening test and cholesterol inhibition assay in vitro using Liebermann-Burchard reagent. The anticholesterol activity was expressed as IC50 values. Nanoemulsion of EEOF prepared by spontaneous emulsification method using capmul, propylenglycol, glycerin (1 : 2.5 : 2 mL). The result of phytochemical screening of okra fruit simplicia and EEOF were contained flavonoid, steroid, triterpenoid, saponin, and coumarin. The resulting nanoemulsion has a 134.7 nm in diameter with a potential zeta value of -26.72 mV. EEOF has IC50 of 764.11 µg/mL and nanoemulsion of EEOF have IC50 of 712.50 µg/mL. Nanoemulsion can improve anticholesterol IC50 value because it was penetrated the gap between cells so that the delivery and bioavailability were higher.Buah okra kaya dengan kandungan senyawa flavonoid, phytosterol, pektin yang berkhasiat sebagai antikolesterol. Efektifitas farmakologi dari ekstrak etanol 70% buah okra (EEBO) dapat ditingkatkan dengan pembentukan nanoemulsi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk membuat ekstrak etanol 70% dan nanoemulsi EEBO serta membuktikan penghambatan kolesterol secara in vitro EEBO lebih kecil dibandingkan bentuk nanoemulsi EEBO. Buah okra diekstraksi secara maserasi kinetik, dilakukan uji penapisan fitokimia, kemudian diuji penghambatan kolesterolnya secara in vitro dengan menggunakan pereaksi Lieberman Burchard. Nilai penghambatan kolesterol ditunjukkan dari nilai IC50. Nanoemulsi EEBO yang dibuat dengan metode emulsifikasi spontan menggunakan capmul (glyceryl caprylat), propilenglikol, gliserin dengan perbandingan (1: 2,5: 2 mL). Hasil penapisan fitokimia simplisia buah okra dan EEBO memiliki kandungan flavonoid, steroid, triterpenoid, saponin dan kumarin. Nanoemulsi yang dihasilkan memiliki diameter 134,7 nm dengan nilai zeta potensial yang memenuhi persyaratan yaitu -26,72 mV. Nilai IC50 EEBO dan nanoemulsi EEBO masing-masing sebesar 764,11 µg/mL dan 712,50 µg/mL. Terbukti metode nanoemulsi dapat meningkatkan nilai IC50 antikolesterol karena dapat menembus celah antar sel sehingga penghantaran dan ketersediaan hayatinya lebih tinggi

FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI PARTISIPASI IBU DALAM PENIMBANGAN BALITA DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS PARDAMEAN KOTA PEMATANGSIANTAR

Abstract One indicator of community participation in the health sector is the coverage of children under five who come and are weighed at the posyandu (D / S). Based on the 2018 Indonesian Health Profile, D / S coverage for toddlers in Indonesia is 67.48%. Some of the factors causing the lack of maternal visits to the posyandu were the mothers' lack of knowledge, the distance to the Posyandu, the role of cadres and family support. Of this study was to determine the factors that influence the participation of mothers in weighing children under five in the working area of ​​Pardamean Health Center, Pematangsiantar City. This research method is an analytic study with cross-sectional design with 108 respondents by purposive sampling. The subject is the mother of the toddler who meets the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Primary data were collected in the Pardamean Puskesmas area on 12th  - 10th . Based on the statistical test of 108 mothers of children under five, there were still 41 mothers who did not participate in weighing children under five by 38%. The results of the chi square analysis show that the relationship between maternal knowledge and maternal participation in weighing children under five is obtained by the p value = 0.000 (p <0.05), the relationship between Posyandu distance and maternal participation in weighing children under five is obtained by the p value = 0.002 (p <0.05) , the correlation between the role of cadres and the participation of mothers in weighing children under five, is obtained by the p value = 0.000 (p <0.05), the relationship between family support and the participation of mothers in weighing children under five is obtained by the p value = 0.017 (p <0.05). That there is a relationship between maternal knowledge, Posyandu distance, the role of cadres and family support in weighing toddlers in the working area of ​​Pardamean Health Center, Pematangsiantar City. Keywords :      Mother's Knowledge, Posyandu Distance, Role of Cadres, Family   Support, Mother's Participation