Controversies Regarding Compatibility in Xenotransfusion With Blood From Dog to Cat (Review)

As it is well known, any incompatible blood transfusion can generate adverse reactions in feline patients, because cats naturally have plasmatic alloantibodies. Even so, recent scientific studies have shown that transfusions with heterologous blood (canine) to cats, were indeed followed by mild hemolysis states, in cases of severely anemic patients. A repeated transfusion however will cause anaphylactic shock with fatal outcome. Based on the data we have studied, we consider xenotransfusion, even though still controversial, to be considered as an emergency therapeutic procedure when superior, homologous blood cannot be acquired for felines. Through this review we hope to offer clinicians the necessary information to consider xenotransfusion as an alternative in emergency therapy, when this is rigorously sustained by blood compatibility tests and when all other options have been excluded only

Current data regarding the evolution of hematological profile in Broiler chickens: a review

In the last decades, along with the progress of poultry farming, avian medicine has seen remarkable progress. The use of improved breeds has raised the issue of their increased susceptibility to pathological factors and environmental conditions. Currently, the detection of diseases in birds, especially in poultry, is based on serological and necropsy investigations; complementary laboratory investigations, such as hematological and biochemical, are only used in companion birds. The assessment of the health of poultry through hematological and biochemical tests, especially those from intensive breeding farms, allows the early detection of signs of disease before it causes mortality and implicitly economic loss. Chickens were used as an animal model of research to establish physiological parameters for other avian species. However, little information has been published on the evolution of their hematological and biochemical parameters. Furthermore, the establishment of reference intervals for interpretation of results in birds in general and chickens in particular has proved extremely difficult due to their hematological and biochemical features. Hematology in birds partly mirrors health status can vary due to race, age, gender, stress, bacterial and viral infections. Considering the complexity of the animal organism and the complex interrelation established between its different systems, the administration of an exogenous substance will cause complex reactions

Implementation of a pharmacologic protocol for testing bovine colostrum nutraceutical products in Broilers

As antibiotic additives were deemed illegal to use in poultry feed as a growth promoter but also to prevent certain diseases such as necrotic enteritis, researches are increasingly oriented towards finding an alternative that will provide both economic gain for the farmer and safety for the end consumer. Bovine colostrum, the first milk secretion postpartum, is widely known for its beneficial properties, not only on the newborn organism, but also in the adult one. The bioactive components of the colostrum have healing properties in the gut, furthermore they help prevent bacteria from adhering to the intestinal mucosa. The biochemical constituents also have an antibacterial effect through lactoferrin and lactoperoxidase. The main objective of this paper was to establish a protocol through which to obtain consistent scientific data when researching the effects of a nutraceutical product in poultry. In order to achieve this we have conducted a study, in the University of Agricultural sciences and Veterinary medicine, Cluj-Napoca, Romania, on a population of 60 broilers that were divided into three groups: the control group and two other groups that were administered distinct nutraceutical products in their drinking water. The purpose was to evaluate the effectiveness of replacing antibiotic growth promoters and anticoccidial drugs with nutraceutical products from bovine colostrum. Various microbiological, health and productivity parameters were assessed and compared between the groups, over a period of 45 days. The immunoglobulins from the bovine colostrum, as bioactive components, will achieve its highest peak in day 14 in the blood serum of the bird. As such, blood samples were deemed best to be harvested on EDTA and Clotting agents every 14 days, as the products were administered 2 times throughout the study. Cloacal swabbing was also performed, feces samples were evaluated for microbial concentration and bacterial strain identification. A comparison was made with several other researches that performed similar clinical studies and we recommend that when administering bovine colostrum nutraceuticals, in order to obtain scientifically consistent results, a strict protocol has to be implemented, periodical evaluations have to be made according to the parameters that are assessed but also in compliance with the bioactive components of the product

PROPERTIES OF SEDUM SPECIES APPRECIATED FOR VEGETATED ROOFTOP SYSTEMS - A REVIEW

There are many reaseons for which sedums are used in green roofs arrangements. Theyr ability to adapt to different ecological conditions, low maintenance, their capacity of purifying the air and the soil are some of the results obtained so far by researchers. Each species has its qualities and it must establish the final scope of arrangement to use appropriate plants