Stapes surgery in residency - the ufpr clinical hospital experience

SummarySurgery of the stapedius remains the established treatment for otosclerosis. Recent publications have showed that success in surgeries done by residents have decreased and hearing results are worse than those obtained by experienced otologic surgeons. Aim: To evaluate the experience of the otorhinolaryngology unit, Parana University, relative to stapes surgery done in the residency training program. Material and method: A retrospective study of 114 stapes surgeries done in the past 9 years in 96 patients. Audiometric results were analysed according to the Commitee on Hearing and Equilibrium guidelines and the Amsterdam Hearing Evaluation Plots. The improvement of the airway postoperative gap and thresholds were taken into account. Results: 96 patients were included, most of them female adults (67.7%) and white (93.7%). Stapedectomy was done in 50.9% of cases, mostly under local anesthesia and sedation (96.5%), using mostly the Teflon prothesis (37.7%). The surgical success rate was 50.88%, there was an 11.4% complication rate. Conclusion: Postoperative hearing gains considered as surgical success were inferior to published results in the literature, done by experienced surgeons

Comparison of fibrin adhesives prepared by 3 different methods

INTRODUCTION: Fibrin tissue adhesive, which has applications in several areas of medicine, can be prepared by different methods. Aim: To compare fibrin tissue adhesives prepared by 3 different methods. METHOD: In this prospective experimental laboratory study, fibrin tissue adhesives prepared by the use of plasma fibrinogen (group 1), cryoprecipitation (group 2), and precipitation by ammonium sulfate (group 3) were tested on 15 rabbits and 10 fragments of dura mater. The quality of the clots was assessed in terms of the success of the healing process, local toxicity, graft adhesion capacity, and degree of adhesion of 2 fragments of dura mater produced. RESULTS: All methods produced a clot with high adhesion and no toxicity, but tensile strength testing revealed that the glue produced from the ammonium sulfate-precipitated clot (group 3) was the strongest, requiring 39 g/cm ² to separate the fragments as opposed to 23 g/cm ² for group 2 and 13 g/cm ² for group 1. CONCLUSION: All methods produced good results as far as clot formation and non-toxicity, but ammonium sulfate precipitation produced the best tensile strength and was thus the most effective method of preparing fibrin tissue adhesive

Cinética de liberação de chumbo de solos de área de mineração e metalurgia de metais pesados

O estudo de cinética de liberação de metais pesados é uma importante ferramenta de diagnóstico ambiental de áreas contaminadas, pois determina, além dos teores acumulados liberados após tempos crescentes de equilíbrio, a taxa (velocidade) de dessorção desses poluentes para a solução do solo. Com o objetivo de avaliar a cinética de liberação de Pb de solos da área de mineração e metalurgia de metais pesados, no município de Adrianópolis (PR), vale do rio Ribeira, selecionaram-se oito solos, submetidos a diferentes formas de contaminação (solos 2, 4 e 5 - incorporação de resíduos da metalurgia de metais pesados aos perfis; solos 3, 6 e 7 - adição de Pb particulado via chaminés da fábrica; solo 8 - contaminação por passagem da água pluvial pela fábrica desativada, que escorre em direção ao rio Ribeira). O solo 1, sob mata nativa, fora da direção de caminhamento das fumaças da metalurgia, localizado a 1.560 m de distância e a 380 m acima da cota da fábrica desativada, foi escolhido como referência dos teores naturais de Pb dos solos da região. As amostras de solo, coletadas em duas profundidades (0 a 10 e 20 a 40 cm), foram submetidas a extrações sequenciais com ácido cítrico 0,1 mol L-1 após diferentes períodos de contato (tempos acumulados: 2, 14, 38, 86, 182, 326, 518, 806 e 1.382 h). Os teores totais de Pb (extração com HF e HNO3 concentrados e H2O2 30 % v/v) foram altos (máximo de 24.755,6 mg kg-1) e indicaram intensa contaminação dos solos. Os dados da cinética de liberação foram ajustados às equações parabólicas de difusão, sendo a liberação do Pb gradual e bifásica, com velocidade de liberação maior na primeira fase. Os solos 3 e 5 foram considerados com elevado potencial de contaminação ambiental devido aos altos teores de Pb dessorvido acumulados nas extrações sequenciais com ácido cítrico (máximo de 18.577,4 mg kg-1). O solo 6, com baixos teores de argila, apresentou a maior velocidade (taxa) de dessorção de Pb