An unusual case of right retrocaval ureter associated with ipsilateral ureterocele

A 36-year-old man with right flank pain presented to our institution. Intravenous urography showed mild dilatation of the right pyelocaliceal system and large filling defect in the vesical lumen. Computed tomography revealed the right kidney to be smaller than the left, and with chronic pyelonephritis. The right ureter passed behind the inferior vena cava at the level of the pelvic-ureteral junction. The middle and lower ureter was dilated above a large ureterocele. Cystourethrography showed right vesicoureteral reflux. The patient underwent a resection of the ureterocele with reimplantation of the ureter. Follow-up at 3 months demonstrated resolution of the dilatation of the right ureter. \ua9 2012 Elsevier Inc

Multidetector CT urography in urogenital tuberculosis: use of reformatted images for the assessment of the radiological findings. A pictorial essay

Urogenital tuberculosis (UGTB) is the most common form of extrapulmonary TB and is responsible for a destructive inflammation of the renal parenchyma and urinary tract often leading to the loss of kidney function. For these reasons, the early diagnosis of this disease, once considered disappeared in developed countries, is very important to establish a prompt and efficient treatment. However, the subtle and non-specific symptoms, often represented by recurrent and persistent lower urinary tract symptoms, can confound and delay the diagnosis. Therefore, an adequate and comprehensive imaging study is necessary in patients with persistent urinary tract infections not responding to the antibiotics and can suggest the hypothesis although bacteriological and/or histologic analysis is required for a definitive diagnosis. In the past years, intravenous urography (IVU) has allowed a comprehensive study of the urinary excretory tract, promoting the knowledge of the radiological findings of this disease. Nowadays, computed tomography urography (CTU), with the implementation of multidetector (MD) technology, has replaced IVU in all its indications; the MDCTU improves the assessment of renal and urinary tract lesions using reformatted images [such as multiplanar reconstruction (MPR) and maximum intensity projection (MIP)]. Therefore, our paper aims to provide a guide for radiologist for searching the classic signs of UGTB on MDCTU, encouraging the use of the MPR and MIP reformatted images

Renal diffusion tensor imaging: Is it possible to define the tubular pathway? A case report

The authors report a case of unilateral xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis, associated with chronic lithiasis studied by standard clinical magnetic resonance imaging protocol and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). Maps of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) and fractional anisotropy (FA) and tractography were reconstructed on both healthy and pathologic kidney. ADC and FA values are in agreement with the literature. Tractography reconstruction of tubular renal architecture was confirmed by histology. This result suggests the potential ability of DTI to detect structural alterations in the architecture of the kidney, as noninvasive tool, preceding the onset of clinical-laboratory alterations. \ua9 2011 Elsevier Inc

Ectopic Prostatic Tissue May Cause Hydroureteronephrosis

A 60-year-old man with left flank pain, fever, and nausea underwent an abdominal ultrasound and showed left hydroureteronephrosis without urinary calculi. Computed tomography urography showed moderate left hydroureteronephrosis and a hypodense paravesical mass of 1.7 cm with mild contrast enhancement just below the ipsilateral ureterovesical junction. Contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging showed a 48 cc prostate and confirmed a roundish mass, protruding into the bladder, hyperintense on T2-weighted images, hypointense on T1-weighted images, and with mild inhomogeneous contrast enhancement. Cystoscopy with cold cup biopsy was carried out. Histologic analysis revealed the presence of ectopic prostatic tissue with no evidence of malignancy

Uretero-caval fistula after radical cystectomy with bricker ileal conduit: A case report

Uretero-caval fistula after radical cystectomy with bricker ileal conduit: a case repor

Can the multiphasic computed tomography be useful in the clinical management of small renal masses?

none10noneCaterina Gaudiano , Riccardo Schiavina , Valerio Vagnoni , Fiorenza Busato , Marco Borghesi , Marco Bandini , Maddalena Di Carlo , Eugenio Brunocilla , Giuseppe Martorana, Rita GolfieriGaudiano, Caterina; Schiavina, Riccardo; Vagnoni, Valerio; Busato, Fiorenza; Borghesi, Marco; Bandini, Marco; Di Carlo, Maddalena; Brunocilla, Eugenio; Martorana, Giuseppe; Golfieri, Rit

Diffusion tensor imaging and tractography of the kidneys: Assessment of chronic parenchymal diseases

Objective: To assess renal dysfunction in chronic kidney diseases using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). Methods: Forty-seven patients with impaired renal function (study group) and 17 patients without renal diseases (control group) were examined using DTI sequences. Cortical and medullary regions of interest (ROIs) were located to obtain the corresponding values of the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) and the fractional anisotropy (FA). The mean values of the ADC and FA, for each ROI site, were obtained in each group and were compared. Furthermore, the correlations between the diffusion parameters and the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) were determined. Results: In both the normal and affected kidneys, we obtained the cortico-medullary difference of the ADC and the FA values. The FA value in the medulla was significantly lower (P = 0.0149) in patients with renal function impairment as compared to patients with normal renal function. A direct correlation between DTI parameters and the eGFR was not found. Tractography visualised disruption of the regular arrangement of the tracts in patient with renal function alteration. Conclusion: DTI could be a useful tool in the evaluation of chronic kidney disease and, in particular, the medullary FA value seems to be the main parameter for assessing renal damage. Key Points: \u2022 Magnetic resonance diffusion tensor imaging (MRDTI) provides new information about renal problems. \u2022 DTI allows non-invasive repeatable evaluation of the renal parenchyma, without contrast media. \u2022 DTI could become useful in the management of chronic parenchymal disease. \u2022 DTI seems more appropriate for renal evaluation than diffusion-weighted imaging. \ua9 2013 European Society of Radiology

Can the multiphasic computed tomography (CT) scan be useful in the clinical management of small renal masses?

Can the multiphasic computed tomography (CT) scan be useful in the clinical management of small renal masses