Propagation modes of 3D scour below a submarine pipeline in oblique steady currents and waves

This paper presents experimental results on 3D scour propagation along a pipeline under oblique-incidence currents and waves. Different modes of 3D scour propagation were discovered after the local scour was initiated below the pipeline. These modes include scour propagation throughout the whole pipeline, onset of scour at multiple locations due to piping, termination of scour propagation induced by backfill and no scour propagation. The critical conditions for these scour propagation modes were determined in terms of flow incident angle, embedment depth and Shields parameter (or KC number). © 2016 Taylor & Francis Group, London

Chemical pavement modifications to reduce ice adhesion

The formation of ice and snow on road pavement surfaces is a recurring problem, creating hazardous driving conditions, restricting public mobility as well as having adverse economic effects. It would be desirable to develop new and improved ways of modifying the pavement surface, to prevent or at least delay the build-up of ice and to weaken the pavement–ice bond, and making the ice which forms easier to remove. This development could lead to economic, environmental and safety benefits for winter service providers and road users. This paper describes how environmental scanning electron microscopy was used to examine the mechanism by which de-icing chemicals, added as a filler replacement to bituminous materials, can be transferred to the pavement surface. The paper assesses the potential for chemical modifications to reduce the adhesion between ice and the pavement surface by means of work of adhesion calculations, based on surface energy parameters and a new physical ice bond test. The paper also examines the influence that the chemical modifications have on the durability of the pavement surface course

The effectiveness of the utility reinstatement specification

SIGLEAvailable from British Library Document Supply Centre-DSC:9050.78239(324) / BLDSC - British Library Document Supply CentreGBUnited Kingdo

Review of protection provided by surface dressings and thin surfacings to structural pavements

Produced for the Highways AgencyAvailable from British Library Document Supply Centre-DSC:9050.78239(496) / BLDSC - British Library Document Supply CentreSIGLEGBUnited Kingdo

Mitigating the disruption caused by utility street works

Prepared for the Pipe Jacking AssociationAvailable from British Library Document Supply Centre-DSC:9050.78239(516) / BLDSC - British Library Document Supply CentreSIGLEGBUnited Kingdo

Overbanding materials for trench reinstatements Results after 30 months

SIGLEAvailable from British Library Document Supply Centre-DSC:7620.3469(97/01/33) / BLDSC - British Library Document Supply CentreGBUnited Kingdo

Reinstatement of road markings

SIGLEAvailable from British Library Document Supply Centre-DSC:7620.3469(97/01/35) / BLDSC - British Library Document Supply CentreGBUnited Kingdo

Non-destructive in-situ measurement of the thickness and density of reinstatements Final report

Available from British Library Document Supply Centre-DSC:7620.3469(98/WM/01/39) / BLDSC - British Library Document Supply CentreSIGLEGBUnited Kingdo