257 research outputs found
Sesame-Style Decomposition of KS-DFT Molecular Dynamics for Direct Interrogation of Nuclear Models
A common paradigm used in the construction of equations of state is to
decompose the thermodynamics into a superposition of three terms: a
static-lattice cold curve, a contribution from the thermal motion of the
nuclei, and a contribution from the thermal excitation of the electrons. While
statistical mechanical models for crystals provide tractable framework for the
nuclear contribution in the solid phase, much less is understood about the
nuclear contribution above the melt temperature () and how it should transition to the high-temperature limit
(). In this work, we describe an
algorithm for extracting both the thermal nuclear and thermal electronic
contributions from quantum molecular dynamics (QMD). We then use the VASP QMD
package to probe thermal nuclear behavior of liquid aluminum at normal density
to compare the results to semi-empirical models -- the Johnson generic model,
the Chisolm high-temperature liquid model, and the CRIS model.Comment: 6 pages, 4 figures, APS Shock Compression of Condensed Matter
Conference Proceedings 201
The novel dual GC-A and GC-B designer natriuretic peptide, cenderitide (CD-NP), enhances the renal actions of furosemide in a model of severe heart failure
New Frontier in Cooking Technology - 'Cooking Green'
An insulating carbon neutrality bag has been designed,
tested and commissioned for green cooking. This has
provided an eco - solution that has reduced the amount
of energy needed for cooking, save money, reduce
emission rate, create employment for the youths/
women and allows for waste to wealth conversion. The
Okada Wonder Bag (OWB) was designed, fabricated,
and the performance of the bag was critically
evaluated using different food stuffs (Beans, Rice,
Yam, plantain, Maize, beef, goat meat and Skin/beef
('special kpomo' from the head of a cow) to ascertain
the reliability of the bag. Results obtained show a high
degree of reliability/correlation as the bag displayed
maximum performance in terms of heat conservation
and cooking efficiency. Performance characteristics
also reveal that the bag with expanded polystyrene
insulation was better than that with wood shavings as
insulating material. Also, an attempt was made using
cooking gas as a case in point to show how much
gas/money can be saved and emission reduction by the
application ofthe insulation cooking technique and the
results were encouragin
'Keeping busy' as agency in early desistance
Agency in desistance research has often been understood as deliberate action
undertaken in pursuit of a desisting identity. Through a micro-longitudinal
approach, this research focuses on the early desistance experiences of a
number of mainly white British female participants. Agency was exhibited not
with a new identity in mind, but instead through 'keeping busy'. The surprising
lack of identity concerns may be due to the early stages of the participants'
desistance experiences, with new identities emerging later in the process.
Alternatively, it may indicate a fundamental difference to the classic desistance
narrative, linked to the differences between this sample and the frequently
researched, Western, male, high-frequency offender. Finally, important aspects
of the cultures surrounding desistance research may have shaped the
narratives of desisters and the biases of researchers towards finding a concern
for identity when this is not necessarily experienced in the everyday lives of
desisters
"If we use the strength of diversity among researchers we can only improve the quality and impact of our research": Issues of equality, diversity, inclusion, and transparency in the process of applying for research funding
This paper sets out the recommendations that have emerged from a six-month-long exploration and discussion of the processes that take place before research is submitted for funding: the ‘pre-award’ environment. Our work concentrated on how this environment is experienced by researchers at all career stages and from a variety of backgrounds, demographics, and disciplines, as well as by research managers and research support professionals. In the later stages of our exploration, representatives from research funders were also involved in the discussions.
The primary component of this project was an analysis of pre-award activities and processes at UK universities, using information collated from workshops with researchers and research management and support staff. The findings of this analysis were presented as a workflow diagram, which was then used to surface issues relating to equality, diversity, inclusion, and transparency in context. The workflow diagram and the issues highlighted by it were used to structure discussions at a symposium for a range of research stakeholders, held in Bristol, UK, in January 2023. The recommendations set out in this paper are drawn from discussions that took place at that event.
This paper is not an exhaustive landscape analysis, nor a review of existing research and practice in the area of pre-award processes or of recent thinking on the topics of equality, diversity, and inclusion (EDI). Instead, it aims to summarise and encapsulate the suggestions put forward by the stakeholders during the symposium. These recommendations, from experienced professionals working in the field, are based on their encounters with the issues raised in the project. They do not solely relate to those working on pre-award processes, but may also apply to funders, policymakers, university leaders, and professional associations, since many of the challenges flagged in our research are systemic and cultural, and reach far beyond the research office
A Broadly Implementable Research Course in Phage Discovery and Genomics for First-Year Undergraduate Students
Engaging large numbers of undergraduates in authentic scientific discovery is desirable but difficult to achieve. We have developed a general model in which faculty and teaching assistants from diverse academic institutions are trained to teach a research course for first-year undergraduate students focused on bacteriophage discovery and genomics. The course is situated within a broader scientific context aimed at understanding viral diversity, such that faculty and students are collaborators with established researchers in the field. The Howard Hughes Medical Institute (HHMI) Science Education Alliance Phage Hunters Advancing Genomics and Evolutionary Science (SEA-PHAGES) course has been widely implemented and has been taken by over 4,800 students at 73 institutions. We show here that this alliance-sourced model not only substantially advances the field of phage genomics but also stimulates students’ interest in science, positively influences academic achievement, and enhances persistence in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) disciplines. Broad application of this model by integrating other research areas with large numbers of early-career undergraduate students has the potential to be transformative in science education and research training
Understanding the Use of Crisis Informatics Technology among Older Adults
Mass emergencies increasingly pose significant threats to human life, with a
disproportionate burden being incurred by older adults. Research has explored
how mobile technology can mitigate the effects of mass emergencies. However,
less work has examined how mobile technologies support older adults during
emergencies, considering their unique needs. To address this research gap, we
interviewed 16 older adults who had recent experience with an emergency
evacuation to understand the perceived value of using mobile technology during
emergencies. We found that there was a lack of awareness and engagement with
existing crisis apps. Our findings characterize the ways in which our
participants did and did not feel crisis informatics tools address human
values, including basic needs and esteem needs. We contribute an understanding
of how older adults used mobile technology during emergencies and their
perspectives on how well such tools address human values.Comment: 10 page
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