Physical separation route for printed circuit boards

Recently, the consumption of electrical and electronic equipment (EEE) has increased with the advanced technology. A wide range of components made of metals, plastics and other substances are contained in EEE. Electronic waste (e-waste) is easily demounted and separated by manually methods; however, printed circuit board (PCB) which is one the most common components of e-waste need to be recycled with economic and environmental technologies. In this paper, employing physical separation methods to ground waste PCB, an eco-friendly, simple and environmental process for separation of valuable metals was designed and proposed. A heavy fraction with 40.8% Cu, 350 ppm Au and 475 ppm Ag content at recovery of 95.4% Cu, 77.7% Au and 65.1% Ag was obtained from a feed assaying 12% Cu, 130 ppm Au and 200 ppm Ag using shaking table separator. Cu grade was increased from 52.4% to 73.9% with the recovery over 92% by dry magnetic separator and copper alloys were separated from the waste matrix with 98% Cu recovery using electrostatic separator

Improvement of mechanical strength of iron ore pellets using raw and activated bentonites as binders

In this study, sodium, calcium, and mixed bentonite samples were used as binders in the pelletizing fine iron ore concentrate obtained from the Divrigi Iron Ore Concentration Plant in Turkey. In the pelletizing tests, sodium bentonite sample was used as received and after upgrading process. Additionally, the calcium bentonite sample required activation by sodium bicarbonate while the mixed bentonites sample was used untreated and as well as activated. The pellets produced were tested for compressive strengths, drop number, and porosity in order to characterize the pellets. The results showed that untreated and upgraded sodium bentonite samples provided relatively stronger pellets compared to calcium and the mixed type bentonite samples needed activation with sodium bicarbonate to increase the strength of the pellets. Based on the results of the drop number, compressive strengths, and porosity, it is possible to make pellets which meet the standards by adequate addition of type and amount of bentonite

Cross-coupling in a 1-3 piezoelectric composite : simulation and experiment.

International audienc

2D and 3D finite element/boundary element computations of periodic piezoelectric transducers radiating in stratified media

International audienc