Comparison of the impact of epigallocatechin gallate and ellagic acid in an experimental cataract model induced by sodium selenite

"AIM: To compare the potential protective effects of epi-gallocatechin gallate (EGCG) and ellagic acid (EA) in an experimental cataract model. METHODS: Twenty-eight Spraque-Dawley rat pups were assigned into four groups. All the rats, except for those in the control group, were injected subcutaneously sodium selenite to induce experimental cataract on the postpartum ninth day, and between 10th and 14th days. Rats in the sham, EGCG, and EA groups were intraperitoneally administered 50 mg/(kg·d) saline solution, 50 mg/(kg·d) EGCG and 200 mg/(kg·d) EA, respectively. The reduced glutathione (GSH) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, total antioxidant status (TAS) and total oxidant status (TOS) in lens supernatants were measured. RESULTS: The mean cataract gradings in EGCG and EA groups were found to be significantly lower than that in sham group (P<0.001). The mean GSH levels and TASs in EGCG and EA groups were significantly higher than that in sham group while mean MDA levels and TOSs in EGCG and EA groups were significantly lower than that in the sham group (P<0.001). CONCLUSION: EGCG and EA have protective effects on cataract development via the inhibition of oxidative stress.

The Effect of Iron Deficiency Anemia Treatment on Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio and Platelet to Lymphocyte Ratio

Background: Both neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR) are cost-effective and readily available biomarkers. An increment in either NLR or PLR is an indicative of a prolonged chronic inflammatory condition and increased host inflammatory response. Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is frequently associated in chronic disorders. Aims: We decided to investigate whether the efficient treatment of IDA should affect NLR and/or PLR values in an adult population with IDA. Methods: This was a retrospective (case-series) observational study conducted at an adult Hematology clinic in Turkey. Patients were ? 18 years-old, with IDA defined according to the World Health Organisation criteria. The hematological parameters, NLR, and PLR levels were noted before and after oral iron (Fe+2) repletion treatment. Results: A total of 200 patients with IDA (median age 44 years, IQR 32-52 years, women 91%) were included. NLR values did not differ significantly in terms of IDA treatment (2.07 vs. 2.01, p= .558). PLR levels were significantly decreased after IDA treatment (170.63 vs. 140.32, p&lt; .001). The NLR and PLR were positively correlated (p= .01). A low-unremarkable inverse correlation between NLR, and serum iron levels (p= .024) and Tfsat (p= .038) was observed; a similar negative correlation was also observed between PLR, and serum iron (p= .002) and Tfsat (p= .013) levels. Conclusion: The treatment of IDA did not affect NLR, whereas it was associated with significant decrease in PLR. The NLR and PLR were positively correlated. However, both the NLR and PLR were inversely correlated with serum iron and Tfsat levels

Damage Control Surgery

Objective: The basis of damage control surgery rests on quick control of life-threatening bleeding, injuries, and septic sources in the appropriate patients before restoring their physiological reserves as a first step followed by ensuring of the physiological reserves and control of acidosis, coagulopathy, and hypothermia prior to complementary surgery

Plasma Ischemia-Modified Albumin Levels and Dynamic Thiol/ Disulfide Balance in Sickle Cell Disease: A Case-Control Study

Objective: Sickle cell disease (SCD), described as a group of inherited blood disorders, affects millions of people throughout the world and is particularly common in the southern part of Turkey. We aimed to determine the relationship between ischemia-modified albumin (IMA) and the dynamic thiol/disulfide balance in SCD. Materials and Methods: Fifty-four adult SCD patients and 30 healthy controls were included in the study. The 54 adult patients included 30 (56%) males and 24 (44%) females with a mean age of 28.3±8.4 years (minimum-maximum: 18-46 years). Of the 54 patients, 46 had homozygous sickle cell anemia (HbSS) and 8 had sickle/β-thalassemia (HbS/β+-thalassemia). Fasting blood samples were collected. After centrifugation at 1500×g for 10 min, plasma samples were portioned and stored at -80 °C. IMA levels were determined by albumin cobalt binding test, a colorimetric method. Total and native thiols and disulfide were analyzed with a novel spectrophotometric method. Results: We found significantly lower levels of native thiol (-SH) (284.0±86.3 μmol/L), disulfide levels (14.6±7 μmol/L), and total thiols (-SH + -S-S-) (313.0±89.3 μmol/L) in SCD patients compared to healthy controls (respectively 417.0±54.2, 22.7±11.3, and 462.0±58.7 μmol/L). Plasma albumin levels (34.9±7.9 g/L) were lower and IMA levels (13.6±3.1 g/L) were higher in SCD patients compared to controls (respectively 43.5±3.1 and 8.4±1.6 g/L). Plasma albumin levels were strongly correlated with both plasma native (r=0.853; p=0.0001) and total thiols (r=0.866; p=0.0001). Conclusion: Decreased plasma native and total thiol levels and increased IMA levels are related to increased oxidative stress and provide an indirect and quick reflection of the oxidative damage in SCD patients

Isı yalıtımı malzemeleri için bir yaşam döngüsü sürdürülebilirliği değerlendirme yöntemi.

The study aims to develop a comparative holistic life cycle sustainability assessment method for building materials and test this method on thermal insulation material selection phase of a pilot renovation project. Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) and its more recent adaptation Life Cycle Sustainability Assessment (LCSA) methods have been utilized to compare the sustainability of thermal insulation material options for a pilot sheathing application. "Three pillars of sustainability" approach has been designated to form a foundation to LCSA system and Environmental Life Cycle Assessment (E-LCA), Life Cycle Costing (LCC) and Social Life Cycle Assessment (S-LCA) methods have been used together. Among them, S-LCA methodology has the greatest need for development and adaptation. For this reason, the study aims to build a S-LCA method, test it on the case of insulation material selection and interpret the results along with LCA and LCC results. Results and discussions involve both the performed case study and the suggested assessment method. The case renovation scenario was created with respect to “Energy Performance in Buildings Directive” and TS-825” documents and building data was managed in the Building Information Modeling (BIM) environment. Lack of developed LCSA standards has been the most important motivation for this study as well as the greatest challenge of it. Especially, scarcity of the local database made it difficult to obtain reliable results. Nevertheless, the case study revealed a convenient comparison table to interpret that glass wool can be an alternative sustainable sheathing material compared to rock wool and more socially sustainable compared to XPS in local conditions. Consequently, the method that has been presented in this study has a potential to serve as a model for future LCSA standards.M.S. - Master of Scienc

Büyük cisimlerin genel görelilikteki dinamiği.

In this thesis, multipole expansions of mass, momentum and stress density will be made for a body in Newtonian mechanics. Using these definitions; momentum, angular momentum, center of mass, force and torque are defined for N gravitationally interacting isolated bodies. Equations of motions of such a system are derived. Definitions of momentum, angular momentum, center of mass, force and torque are made in a relativistic theory. Dynamical (gravitational) skeleton is defined and the multipole moments of the dynamical skeleton are found. Equations of motion for a test body moving in a gravitational field are derived in terms of the multipole moments. Save the details of the derivations, no originality in this thesis is claimed: it is intended as a review of the subject.M.S. - Master of Scienc