The characteristics of combustion process of diesel engine using vegetable oil methyl esters

Biodiesel is one of the promising renewable, alternative, and environmentally friendly biofuels that can be used in Diesel engine with little or no modification in the engine. The present paper investigates the combustion characteristics of single cylinder, naturally aspirated, air cooled, Diesel engine fueled with pure (100%) methyl ester of rapeseed oil, comparing to the corresponding characteristics when it was driven by diesel fuel. Combustion process analysis for both fuels was done at constant engine speed and at two load levels corresponding to the mean effective pressure of three and six bar. It was also concluded that the test engine can operate without problems, both with that fuel and with a lot of other biofuels and their mixtures that were used during long laboratory research

The characteristics of combustion process of diesel engine using vegetable oil methyl esters

Biodiesel is one of the promising renewable, alternative, and environmentally friendly biofuels that can be used in Diesel engine with little or no modification in the engine. The present paper investigates the combustion characteristics of single cylinder, naturally aspirated, air cooled, Diesel engine fueled with pure (100%) methyl ester of rapeseed oil, comparing to the corresponding characteristics when it was driven by diesel fuel. Combustion process analysis for both fuels was done at constant engine speed and at two load levels corresponding to the mean effective pressure of three and six bar. It was also concluded that the test engine can operate without problems, both with that fuel and with a lot of other biofuels and their mixtures that were used during long laboratory research

Miscibility of Poly(Vinyl Chloride) with Poly(Ethylene Oxide) of Different Molecular Weights

In this work, five different techniques: dilute solution viscometry, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and scanning electronic microscopy (SEM) were employed in order to evaluate interactions of amorphous poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) and semi-crystalline poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) in solution and solid state. The results varied significantly from one experimental technique to another. The positive interactions between the investigated polymers were found over the whole composition range only in solution. However, in the solid state, by DSC and DMA analysis, the positive interactions were found only at elevated PVC content, while FT-IR and SEM analysis could not confirm interactions between the investigated polymers

Bioremediation of groundwater contaminated with petroleum hydrocarbons applied at a site in Belgrade (Serbia)

Due to their extensive use, petroleum hydrocarbons are among the most common groundwater contaminants. Compared to the traditional methods of physical pumping of contamination from the aquifer and subsequent treatment (i.e., pump and treat), bioremediation is an economically cost-effective technology. The aim of this remediation approach is to transform biologically contaminants, most often by microbiological activity, into non-toxic compounds. More precisely, it is an active remediation process that involves biostimulation (increase of aquifer oxygenation, addition of nutrients) and/or bioaugmentation (injection of a concentrated and specialized population of microorganisms). Using both biostimulation and bioaugmentation, enhanced in situ groundwater bioremediation was applied at a hydrocarbon-contaminated site in Belgrade. The bioremediation treatment, applied over twelve months, was highly efficient in reducing the concentrations of total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) to acceptable levels. The concentration of TPH in the piezometer P-5 was reduced by 98.55 %, in the piezometer P-6 by 98.30 % and in the piezometer P-7 by 98.09 %. These results provided strong evidence on the potential of this remediation approach to overcome site-limiting factors and enhance microbiological activity in order to reduce groundwater contamination. [Project of the Serbian Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development, Grant no. III 43004

Research of combustion in older generation spark-ignition engines in the condition of use leaded and unleaded petrol

This paper analyzes the potential problems in the exploitation of the older generation of spark-ignition engines with higher octane number of petrol (unleaded petrol BMB 95) than required (leaded petrol MB 86). Within the experimental tests on two different engines (STEYR-PUCH model 712 and GAZ 41) by applying piezoelectric pressure sensors integrated with the engine spark plugs, acceleration sensors and special electronic block connected with distributor, show that the cumulative first and second theoretical phase of combustion when petrol of higher octane number (BMB 95) is used lasts slightly longer than when the low-octane petrol MB 86 is used. For new petrol (BMB 95) higher optimal angles of pre-ignition have been determined by which better performances of the engine are achieved without a danger of the combustion with detonation (also called knocking)

Supplementary data for the article: Lješević, M.; Gojgić-Cvijović, G.; Ieda, T.; Hashimoto, S.; Nakano, T.; Bulatović, S.; Ilić, M.; Beškoski, V. Biodegradation of the Aromatic Fraction from Petroleum Diesel Fuel by Oerskovia Sp. Followed by Comprehensive GC×GC-TOF MS. Journal of Hazardous Materials 2019, 363, 227–232. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2018.10.005

Supplementary material for: [https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0304389418308951?via%3Dihub]Related to published version: [http://cherry.chem.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/351]Related to accepted version: [http://cherry.chem.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/2800

Research of combustion in older generation spark-ignition engines in the condition of use leaded and unleaded petrol

This paper analyzes the potential problems in the exploitation of the older generation of spark-ignition engines with higher octane number of petrol (unleaded petrol BMB 95) than required (leaded petrol MB 86). Within the experimental tests on two different engines (STEYR-PUCH model 712 and GAZ 41) by applying piezoelectric pressure sensors integrated with the engine spark plugs, acceleration sensors and special electronic block connected with distributor, show that the cumulative first and second theoretical phase of combustion when petrol of higher octane number (BMB 95) is used lasts slightly longer than when the low-octane petrol MB 86 is used. For new petrol (BMB 95) higher optimal angles of pre-ignition have been determined by which better performances of the engine are achieved without a danger of the combustion with detonation (also called knocking)