Burden of metastatic bone disease from genitourinary malignancies.

Item does not contain fulltextBone metastases are common among patients with stage IV genitourinary cancers. Most patients with bone metastases develop at least one debilitating and potentially life-limiting skeletal-related event. These events are associated with increased medical expenses and decreased quality of life. Current guidelines recommend screening for bone metastases in men with high-risk prostate cancer, but guidance for screening and treatment of bone metastases from genitourinary cancers varies by country and setting. Several bisphosphonates have been evaluated in the advanced genitourinary cancer setting. Zoledronic acid has demonstrated efficacy in significantly reducing the risk of skeletal-related events in patients with bone metastases from a broad range of solid tumors including prostate, renal and bladder cancers, and is recommended for preserving bone health.1 november 201

CMOS Microsystems for Phase Fluorometric Biochemical Monitoring

This article will present a review of our recent work on the development of Complementary Metal-Oxide Semiconductor (CMOS) detection and signal processing interfaces for fluorescence based biochemical sensors as well as the development of a new sensor. We will discuss a number of microsystems that integrate CMOS Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs) with nanoporous sensor materials. Specifically, sol-gel derived xerogel thin films, a class of nanoporous materials, are employed for monitoring various biochemical analytes including oxygen (O 2 ), glucose, and pH. We have also demonstrated a single-chip CMOS based phase fluorometric system for monitoring O 2 using xerogel sensor materials. In this paper, we will present a new, versatile, CMOS based platform for real-time phase fluorometric analysis that is capable of functioning with fluorophores having excited-state lifetimes as short as 400 nanoseconds. In addition, we will describe the employment of novel nanomaterials (porous polymer photonic bandgap structures) as immobilization media for biochemical recognition elements that enhance the fluorescence detection efficiency. Finally, the development of integrated sensors using these materials will be described