Selective 5-HT7 receptor agonists LP 44 and LP 211 elicit an analgesic effect on formalin-induced orofacial pain in mice

The most recently identified serotonin (5-HT) receptor is the 5-HT7 receptor. The antinociceptive effects of a 5-HT7 receptor agonist have been shown in neuropathic and inflammatory animal models of pain. A recent study demonstrated the functional expression of 5-HT7 receptors in the substantia gelatinosa (SG) of the trigeminalsubnucleus caudalis, which receives and processes orofacial nociceptive inputs. Objective To investigate the antinociceptive effects of pharmacological activation of 5-HT7 receptors on orofacial pain in mice. Material and Methods Nociception was evaluated by using an orofacial formalin test in male Balb-C mice. Selective 5-HT7 receptor agonists, LP 44 and LP 211 (1, 5, and 10 mg/kg), were given intraperitoneally 30 min prior to a formalin injection. A bolus of 10 µl of 4% subcutaneous formalin was injected into the upper lip of mice and facial grooming behaviors were monitored. The behavioral responses consisted of two distinct periods, the early phase corresponding to acute pain (Phase I: 0–12 min) and the late phase (Phase II: 12–30 min). Results LP 44 and LP 211 (1, 5, and 10 mg/kg) produced an analgesic effect with reductions in face rubbing time in both Phase I and Phase II of the formalin test. Conclusion Our results suggest that 5-HT7 receptor agonists may be promising analgesic drugs in the treatment of orofacial pain

Rationale and Design of the Turkish Sleep Apnea Database - TURKAPNE: A National, Multicenter, Observational, Prospective Cohort Study

WOS: 000439590300008PubMed ID: 30083405OBJECTIVES: The primary aim of The Turkish Sleep Apnea Database (TURKAPNE) study is to generate a cross-sectional nationwide database for defining the clinical and polysomnographic characteristics of the patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in Turkey. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this ongoing project, all consecutive adults with suspected OSA are recruited from the sleep centers of the university and research hospitals in Turkey. Information on anthropometric data, educational status, driving license, smoking habits, alcohol use, comorbidities, drug use, questionnaires, polysomnographic, and/or cardiorespiratory polygraphic findings are recorded in a systematized Web-based report form. Blood glucose, lipids and other biochemical markers, lung function, and echocardiography measurements are optionally included. Follow-up data regarding treatment modality and compliance is assessed. Cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between OSA phenotypes and metabolic, pulmonary, and cardiovascular comorbidities as well as traffic accidents, and the impact of treatment will be further explored. We target a total sample of 10,000 participants. RESULTS: The study was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT02784977) in May 2016 and the first patient was recruited in October 2017. A total of 1911 participants from 19 centers have been enrolled in the study by May 31, 2018. CONCLUSION: The TURKAPNE study will contribute to a better understanding of the health-related burden of OSA phenotypes and its association with the comorbidities and adverse outcomes, including traffic accidents in Turkey. The results may also contribute to a more personalized approach and better management of varying OSA phenotypes with concomitant disorders.Turkish Thoracic SocietyThe foundation and infrastructure of the database was supported by grants from the Turkish Thoracic Society with no influence on the design of the study, the analysis of the data, the data collection, drafting of the manuscript, or the decision to publish