Development of a molecular technique for microsatellite instability for use in colon cancer

El Cáncer Colorrectal (CCR) es la segun-da causa de muerte por cáncer en Argentina, con más de 11.000 nuevos casos por año. Entre el 3 y el 8% de los casos son producidos por mutaciones heredables. El síndrome más común es el Síndrome de Lynch o Cán-cer Colorrectal Hereditario no Polipósico (CCHNP). Los pacientes afectados tienen un riesgo superior al 80% de desarrollar cáncer de colon y en mujeres, el riesgo de cáncer de endometrio es de 60%. También se encuentra incrementado el riesgo de padecer cáncer de estómago, ovario, intestino delgado, vías biliares y riñón. La patogé-nesis del CCHNP se relaciona con fallas en el sistema de reparación del ADN que lleva a la acumulación de muta-ciones de nucleótido único y cambios en la longitud de secuencias repetitivas, fenómeno conocido como Inesta-bilidad de Microsatélites (MSI). Alta Inestabilidad de mi-crosatélites (MSI-High) se presenta en más del 85% de casos de CCHNP. Además, puede detectarse en el 10-15% de los casos de CCR no asociados a CCHNP debido a metilación de los genes de las enzimas de reparación del ADN. Los tumores colorrectales con MSI tienen carac-terísticas histológicas definidas, mejor pronóstico que los tumores sin MSI y diferente respuesta a la quimioterapia. El descubrimiento de MSI en CCR ha incrementado el co-nocimiento de la diversidad de los CCR y colabora en el diagnóstico, tratamiento y asesoramiento genético. Objetivo: diseñar una técnica molecular para el análisis de MSI de bajo costo y adecuar los algoritmos para me-jorar el diagnóstico de Síndrome de Lynch en la región

Catálogo de terremotos de América del Sur homogéneo en Mw para el periodo pre-1964

On the frame of The South America Risk Assessment (SARA) project, an earthquake catalogue was compiled for South America, in terms of the moment magnitude (Mw), with data from the Centro Regional de Sismología para América del Sur (CERESIS), recent national and international studies, and from the analysis conducted during the project. In particular, it is included the latest versions of catalogue CERESIS-91 prepared by CERESIS and published by the National Council of Science and Technology CONCYTEC of Peru, the determination of parameters by recent studies, including those proposed by the ISC-GEM catalogue, and where available, the national catalogues that meet the criteria of transparency required by the project. The results presented in this work correspond to the pre-1964 time window. The first phase of the study is the development of a critical inventory of all public studies related to earthquakes in South America. Studies for the same event have been associated with each other from the comparison of the time, of the epicentre coordinates and the size of the earthquake (magnitude or maximum seismic intensity). For each event, a set of parameters considered reliable has been preliminarily selected. The main problem of the catalogue is the need to express the values of magnitude in terms of moment magnitude (Mw). Currently, few studies on historical earthquakes provide this value for the study region. For many events, values in terms of Ms and mb are available; although for most cases, because of the time of occurrence of these events, the magnitude values were calculated from macroseismic data. For these earthquakes we have used empirical conversion relationships published in literature for Ms and mb to Mw. There are also events for which only a value of maximum intensity (Imax or Io) is available. For these events, regional relationships Imax to Mw have been determined, using the most reliable and recent data of Mw and Imax values. In a second phase, for some events that have a sufficient number of macroseismic data, the source parameters have (including location, Mw and uncertainties) been determined using the method of Bakun and Wentworth (1997), regionally calibrated, based on what already has been obtained for Ecuador, Venezuela in literature and Colombia in the present project. In this way, the magnitude Mw was evaluated for 2564 earthquakes in South America. The lower threshold is defined in Mw = 5 for the Andean region. For Brazil, a lower threshold was not applied.Published6T. Studi di pericolosità sismica e da maremotoN/A or not JC