Knowledge of nursing professionals on the evaluation of residual gastric volume

ABSTRACT | OBJECTIVE: To describe the knowledge of nursing professionals about the evaluation of residual gastric volume. METHODS: Descriptive research with a quantitative-qualitative cross-sectional approach performed through questionnaire application to 60 nursing professionals involved in direct patient care in diet therapy. The data were collected in April 2015. RESULTS: 69.2% of nurses and 72.3% of nursing technicians considered to have little knowledge about residual gastric volume. The main difficulty found by the nursing team to verify the residual volume was the work overload, followed by lack of orientation or training. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: The professionals demonstrate knowledge of the importance of the verification of the residual gastric volume, but the practice of the procedure in the assistance to the patients in the use of diet therapy is made difficult by the little existing information about the parameters

Rhamnogalacturonan from Acmella oleracea (L.) R.K. Jansen: gastroprotective and ulcer healing properties in rats.

A rhamnogalacturonan (RGal) isolated from Acmella oleracea (L.) R.K. Jansen administered by oral route showed gastroprotective activity against acute lesions induced by ethanol. In this study, we investigated the gastric ulcer healing effect of RGal and its mechanisms of action. Intraperitoneal treatment of animals with RGal protected the gastric mucosa against acute lesions induced by ethanol, with participation of gastric mucus. Furthermore, in the chronic ulcer model, oral administration of RGal accelerates the gastric ulcer healing, accompanied by increasing of cellular proliferation and gastric mucus content, reducing inflammatory parameters and oxidative stress. In addition, the repeated 7 days-treatment of animals with RGal did not show alterations of clinical and behavioral symptoms, body and organs weights or plasmatic biochemical parameters. Collectively, these results showed that RGal has an interesting antiulcerogenic activity and could constitute an attractive molecule of interest for the development of new antiulcer agents

Effects of oral administration of RGal in IL-1β and IL-10 levels in chronic gastric ulcer induced by 80% acetic acid in rats.

<p>The results were expressed as mean±S.E.M. and statistical comparison was performed using ANOVA followed by Bonferronís test. * P<0.05 when compared with the ulcerated group.</p

Effect of intraperitoneal administration of RGal on mucus and GSH levels in acute gastric lesions induced by ethanol P.A. in rats.

<p>The results were expressed as mean±S.E.M. and statistical comparison was performed using ANOVA followed by Bonferronís test. ^#<i>P</i><0.05 when compared to naive. * <i>P</i><0.05 when compared with the injured group.</p

Chemical structure of rhamnogalacturonan isolated from <i>A. oleracea</i>.

<p>Chemical structure of rhamnogalacturonan isolated from <i>A. oleracea</i>.</p

Effect of intraduodenal (i.d.), oral (p.o.) and intraperitoneal (i.p.) administration of RGal on volume and total acidity on pylorus ligature in rats.

<p>The results were expressed as mean±S.E.M. and statistical comparison was performed using ANOVA followed by Bonferronís test. * P<0.05 when compared with the control group.</p

Effect of RGal on the immunohistochemical staining for PCNA in chronic gastric ulcer induced by 80% acetic acid in rats.

<p>Photomicrographs represent PCNA immunoreactivity of groups orally treated with vehicle (water, 1 ml/kg; Panels A and D), omeprazole (40 mg/kg; Panels B and E) or RGal (10 mg/kg; Panels C and F) twice a day for seven days after the gastric ulcer induction. Panels A-C: magnification = 7×, bars = 500 µm; Panels D-F: magnification = 100×, bars = 50 µm.</p

Representative macroscopic photograph of stomachs and histological hematoxylin/eosin (HE) sections (100×) of chronic gastric ulcer induced by 80% acetic acid in rats.

<p>Animals were orally treated with vehicle (water, 1 ml/kg; Panel A and D), omeprazole (40 mg/kg; Panel B and E) or RGal (10 mg/kg; Panel C and F) twice a day for seven days after the gastric ulcer induction. Bars = 1 cm (A–C) and 2 mm (D–F), where M indicates margin of ulcer and B indicates base of ulcer.</p

Effects of RGal on MPO (Panel A) and TNF-α (Panel B) levels in chronic gastric ulcer induced by 80% acetic acid in rats.

<p>The animals were orally treated with vehicle (C: water, 1 ml/kg), omeprazole (Ome: 40 mg/kg) or RGal (10 mg/kg) twice a day for seven days after the gastric ulcer induction. Naive (N): non-ulcerated group. The results are expressed as mean±S.E.M. (<i>n</i> = 8). ANOVA followed by Bonferroni's test. ^#<i>P</i><0.05 when compared to naive (N). * <i>P</i><0.05 when compared to ulcerated group (C).</p

Effect of RGal on the ability to scavenge the free-radical DPPH <i>in vitro</i>.

<p>The figure shows the scavenging of DPPH radical by RGal (1, 10, 100 and 1000 µg/ml) or ascorbic acid (AA, 50 µg/ml) <i>in vitro</i>. The results are expressed as mean±S.E.M. (<i>n</i> = 8). ANOVA followed by Bonferroni's test. <b>*</b><i>P</i><0.05 when compared to control group (C).</p