Graph homomorphisms and components of quotient graphs

We study how the number $c(X)$ of components of a graph $X$ can be expressed through the number and properties of the components of a quotient graph $X/\sim.$ We partially rely on classic qualifications of graph homomorphisms such as locally constrained homomorphisms and on the concept of equitable partition and orbit partition. We introduce the new definitions of pseudo-covering homomorphism and of component equitable partition, exhibiting interesting inclusions among the various classes of considered homomorphisms. As a consequence, we find a procedure for computing $c(X)$ when the projection on the quotient $X/\sim$ is pseudo-covering. That procedure becomes particularly easy to handle when the partition corresponding to $X/\sim$ is an orbit partition.Comment: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1502.0296

Resolute refinements of social choice correspondences

Many classical social choice correspondences are resolute only in the case of two alternatives and an odd number of individuals. Thus, in most cases, they admit several resolute refinements, each of them naturally interpreted as a tie-breaking rule, satisfying different properties. In this paper we look for classes of social choice correspondences which admit resolute refinements fulfilling suitable versions of anonymity and neutrality. In particular, supposing that individuals and alternatives have been exogenously partitioned into subcommittees and subclasses, we find out arithmetical conditions on the sizes of subcommittees and subclasses that are necessary and sufficient for making any social choice correspondence which is efficient, anonymous with respect to subcommittees, neutral with respect to subclasses and possibly immune to the reversal bias admit a resolute refinement sharing the same properties.Comment: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1503.0402