Effectiveness of manual therapies: the UK evidence report

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The purpose of this report is to provide a succinct but comprehensive summary of the scientific evidence regarding the effectiveness of manual treatment for the management of a variety of musculoskeletal and non-musculoskeletal conditions.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>The conclusions are based on the results of systematic reviews of randomized clinical trials (RCTs), widely accepted and primarily UK and United States evidence-based clinical guidelines, plus the results of all RCTs not yet included in the first three categories. The strength/quality of the evidence regarding effectiveness was based on an adapted version of the grading system developed by the US Preventive Services Task Force and a study risk of bias assessment tool for the recent RCTs.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>By September 2009, 26 categories of conditions were located containing RCT evidence for the use of manual therapy: 13 musculoskeletal conditions, four types of chronic headache and nine non-musculoskeletal conditions. We identified 49 recent relevant systematic reviews and 16 evidence-based clinical guidelines plus an additional 46 RCTs not yet included in systematic reviews and guidelines.</p> <p>Additionally, brief references are made to other effective non-pharmacological, non-invasive physical treatments.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Spinal manipulation/mobilization is effective in adults for: acute, subacute, and chronic low back pain; migraine and cervicogenic headache; cervicogenic dizziness; manipulation/mobilization is effective for several extremity joint conditions; and thoracic manipulation/mobilization is effective for acute/subacute neck pain. The evidence is inconclusive for cervical manipulation/mobilization alone for neck pain of any duration, and for manipulation/mobilization for mid back pain, sciatica, tension-type headache, coccydynia, temporomandibular joint disorders, fibromyalgia, premenstrual syndrome, and pneumonia in older adults. Spinal manipulation is not effective for asthma and dysmenorrhea when compared to sham manipulation, or for Stage 1 hypertension when added to an antihypertensive diet. In children, the evidence is inconclusive regarding the effectiveness for otitis media and enuresis, and it is not effective for infantile colic and asthma when compared to sham manipulation.</p> <p>Massage is effective in adults for chronic low back pain and chronic neck pain. The evidence is inconclusive for knee osteoarthritis, fibromyalgia, myofascial pain syndrome, migraine headache, and premenstrual syndrome. In children, the evidence is inconclusive for asthma and infantile colic.</p

Reflexology and bronchial asthma

AbstractMany asthma patients seek alternative or adjunctive therapies. One such modality is reflexology, whereby finger pressure is applied to certain parts of the body. The aim of the study was to examine the popular claim that reflexology treatment benefits bronchial asthma. Ten weeks of active or simulated (placebo) reflexology given by an experienced reflexologist, were compared in an otherwise blind, controlled trial of 20+20 outpatients with asthma.Objective lung function tests (peak flow morning and evening, and weekly spirometry at the clinic) did not change. Subjective scores (describing symptoms,β2 -inhalations and quality of life) and also bronchial sensitivity to histamine improved on both regimens, but no differences were found between groups receiving active or placebo reflexology. However, a trend in favour of reflexology became significant when a supplementary analysis of symptom diaries was carried out. It was accompanied by a significant pattern compatible with subconscious un-blinding, in that patients tended to guess which treatment they had been receiving.No evidence was found that reflexology has a specific effect on asthma beyond placebo influence

A comparison of molecular typing methods for Moraxella catarrhalis

* Skip to main content Blackwell Synergy Email: ? Password: University of Western Australia Library * Register * Forgotten Password * Athens/Institution Login * Synergy Home | * Browse | * Search | * My Synergy | * Books Online | * Resources | o For Librarians o For Authors o For Societies o For Press * About | * Help Journal Menu * Table of Contents * List of Issues Tools * Email this article * Add to favorite articles * Export this citation * Alert me when this article is cited: Email | RSS (What is this?) * View ISI citation * Related articles Publication history Published article online: 11 Sep 2007 Issue online: 27 Nov 2007 2007/1064: received 24 July 2006, revised 21 May 2007 and accepted 24 May 2007 * Home &gt; * List of Issues &gt; * Table of Contents &gt; * Article Abstract Journal of Applied Microbiology Journal of Applied Microbiology Volume 103 Issue 6 Page 2489-2495, December 2007 To cite this article: N.M. Pingault, D. Lehmann, J. Bowman, T.V. Riley (2007) A comparison of molecular typing methods for Moraxella catarrhalis Journal of Applied Microbiology 103 (6) , 2489–2495 doi:10.1111/j.1365-2672.2007.03536.x Prev Article Next Article You have full access rights to this content Abstract ORIGINAL ARTICLE A comparison of molecular typing methods for Moraxella catarrhalis * N.M. Pingault11 School of Biomedical, Biomolecular and Chemical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia, * D. Lehmann2,32 Telethon Institute for Child Health Research, Perth, WA, Australia3 Centre for Child Health Research, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia, * J. Bowman44 PathWest Laboratory Medicine WA, Perth, WA, Australia and * T.V. Riley1,41 School of Biomedical, Biomolecular and Chemical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia4 PathWest Laboratory Medicine WA, Perth, WA, Australia * 1 School of Biomedical, Biomolecular and Chemical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia 2 Telethon Institute for Child Health Research, Perth, WA, Australia 3 Centre for Child Health Research, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia 4 PathWest Laboratory Medicine WA, Perth, WA, Australia Thomas V. Riley, Locked Bag 2009, Nedlands, WA 6909, Australia. E-mail: [email protected] Abstract Aims: Three molecular typing techniques were examined to determine which method was the most discriminatory in order to perform epidemiological typing of Moraxella catarrhalis. Methods and Results: Twenty-five Mor. catarrhalis isolates obtained from nasopharyngeal aspirates collected from Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal children were subjected to random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis, automated ribotyping and pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). RAPD analysis determined two Mor. catarrhalis types, automated ribotyping with PstI determined four Mor. catarrhalis ribogroups and PFGE analysis with NotI determined 21 pulse field groups within the 25 isolates examined. Conclusions: Analysis of discrimination index and typeability demonstrated that PFGE is the most discriminatory method for typing Mor. catarrhalis. Significance and Impact of the Study: This study confirms that PFGE is the most appropriate molecular tool for the epidemiological study of Mor. catarrhalis. Users who read this article also read: Arsenic-resistant bacteria isolated from contaminated sediments of the Orbetello Lagoon, Italy, and their characterization M. Pepi, M. 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