Differences in private school principal leadership behaviors by student enrollment: A national study.

The purpose of this journal-ready dissertation was to determine the extent to which principals of private elementary schools differed in their emphasis for training teachers, on how they spend their work week, and the specific problem matters they encounter in their school based on school size. In the first journal article, the degree to which differences were present between private elementary school principals as a function of school enrollment size in their emphasis of training teachers were ascertained. In the second article, the extent to which private elementary school principals as a function of school enrollment size differed in the tasks in which they spend their work week were determined. In the third investigation, the extent to which private elementary school principals differed as a function of school enrollment size in specific problem matters which they encounter were addressed. Method A causal-comparative research design was used in this quantitative study. Principals’ responses from the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study, Kindergarten Class of 2010-2011 principal survey, obtained from the National Center for Education Statistics, were analyzed for this study. The variables that were analyzed as a function of school enrollment size were: training and support for teachers, the way principals spent their work week, and the problem matters addressed on the campus.   Findings Principals in Large-size private elementary schools provided statistically significantly more training and support to teachers in teaching effective reading strategies, in collecting and managing data, and in interpreting and using data than principals in Small-size private elementary schools. Regarding how principals spend their time during the work week, principals of Large-size schools allocated more time each week working with teachers on instructional issues; on student discipline and attendance; on meeting with parents; and on meeting with students than was allocated by principals of Small-size schools. Principals of Large-size schools addressed problem matters in children bringing in or using illegal drugs, vandalism of school property, student bullying, and class cutting statistically significantly more frequently than principals of Small-size schools. Implications for policy and recommendations for research were provided

The impact of supervisor gender on employee\u27s job satisfaction

It is a commonly held notion that there is gender inequality throughout the workforce. There is factual evidence such as salary differences between men and women that supports this claim. In the past, a misconception had developed that men are better suited for executive, leading roles, which also offers an explanation to the differences in wages. In modern times, we understand these differences in gender do not hold up to scientific scrutiny. Our purpose in this research is to continue to dispel the myth that men are better suited for power positions in the workforce and push for further progress in the fight for gender equality. We questioned workers in the Northwest Georgia area on their job satisfaction as well as their satisfaction with their supervisor. Our results indicate that there is no significant difference between male and female supervisors in relation to job satisfaction scores

Water/Wastewater Engineering Report (High Efficiency Pump/Motor Replacement - M2 Model)

This report presents the methodology used to develop the high efficiency pump/motor model (M2) for wastewater treatment and water treatment plant. It reviews the engineering equations that were used to develop the model. It also includes a detailed description of an example to illustrate the methodology.Pumping water or wastewater is the largest use of electricity for a municipal water supply or wastewater treatment plant. Increasing the overall efficiency of the pumping system can achieve significant energy savings. Overall pump system efficiency depends on the efficiency of the motor, the pump, and the design of the piping layout. The model developed in this document focuses on improvements mostly to the pumping system rather than a municipal piping system. Furthermore, this model primarily addresses electric motor-driven pumps, and does not include the pumps driven with gasoline or diesel engines.Texas Senate Bill 5; Texas Commission in Environmental Qualit

Water/Wastewater Engineering Report (Storm Sewer/Infiltration Sanitary Sewage Separation-M1 Model)

In this document, a statistical methodology for calculating the savings from the storm water/infiltration sanitary sewage separation (i.e., the “M1 model”) is presented. This method uses ASHRAE’s Inverse Model Toolkit (IMT) for the weather-normalization analysis. This document provides a review of the ASHRAE IMT, a description of the M1 model, and provides an example to illustrate the methodology.In some cities, the municipal sewer system collects both storm water and sanitary sewage in the same pipes. During dry weather these sewers carry all the sanitary sewage to the wastewater treatment plant for treatment. However, when rainstorms or snow melt increase the amount of runoff, the combined flow of sanitary sewage and storm water can exceed the capacity of the sewer system, which can cause serious problems like the storm water and sewage mix are discharged untreated into the river or the sewage backs up into streets and basement. Storm water treated in the sewage treatment plant also causes unnecessary energy use. Sewer systems can also have unintended ground water entering the network, which occurs because of hydraulic pressure on the buried sewer lines infiltration. Therefore, separating the storm water/infiltration and sanitary sewage reduces the possibility of sewage discharge during heavy rain periods, and saves energy.Texas Senate Bill 5; Texas Commission on Environmental Qualit

Development of a Web-Based, Emissions Reduction Calculator for Storm Water/Infiltration Sanitary Sewage Separation

This paper presents the procedures developed to calculate the electricity savings and emissions reductions from the infiltration of storm water into sanitary sewage separation using a two-step regression method: one step to correlate the gallons of wastewater treated to the rainfall, and a second step that correlates the gallons of wastewater treated to the electricity consumed during a given period. The procedure integrates ASHRAE's Inverse Model Toolkit (IMT) for the weather-normalization analysis and the EPA's Emissions and Generations Resource Integrated Database (eGRID) for calculating the NOx emissions reductions for the electric utility provider associated with the user

Generative AI Perceptions: A Survey to Measure the Perceptions of Faculty, Staff, and Students on Generative AI Tools in Academia

ChatGPT is a natural language processing tool that can engage in human-like conversations and generate coherent and contextually relevant responses to various prompts. ChatGPT is capable of understanding natural text that is input by a user and generating appropriate responses in various forms. This tool represents a major step in how humans are interacting with technology. This paper specifically focuses on how ChatGPT is revolutionizing the realm of engineering education and the relationship between technology, students, and faculty and staff. Because this tool is quickly changing and improving with the potential for even greater future capability, it is a critical time to collect pertinent data. A survey was created to measure the effects of ChatGPT on students, faculty, and staff. This survey is shared as a Texas A&M University technical report to allow other universities and entities to use this survey and measure the effects elsewhere

A Survey to Measure the Effects of Forced Transition to 100% Online Learning on Community Sharing, Feelings of Social Isolation, Equity, Resilience, and Learning Content During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Survey of student perceptions and experiences with online teaching during the COVID-19 pandemic.The vast majority of the 19.9 million students and 1.5 million faculty at U.S. colleges and universities have been suddenly forced to replace their physical classes with online class formats. Many instructors and students are not prepared nor used to teaching/learning virtually, causing a number of unwanted effects, including social isolation, exacerbated inequity, and potentially reduced learning. Thus, there is a critical need to determine what the effects are and how we can best address them. In the absence of such knowledge, the effects of the coronavirus may expand well beyond the illness and fatalities and cause irreparable damage to our nation’s students’ education and mental and physical wellness. It is a crucial time to react and collect pertinent data immediately. As such we have created a survey to measure and monitor the effects of forced transition to 100% online learning on community sharing, feelings of social isolation, equity, resilience, and learning content during the COVID-19 pandemic. We are sharing this survey as a Texas A&M University tech report so that other universities can use this survey to measure the effects elsewhere

A Survey to Measure the Effects of Forced Transition to 100% Online Learning on Community Sharing, Feelings of Social Isolation, Equity, Resilience, and Learning Content During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Survey of student perceptions and experiences with online teaching during the COVID-19 pandemic.The vast majority of the 19.9 million students and 1.5 million faculty at U.S. colleges and universities have been suddenly forced to replace their physical classes with online class formats. Many instructors and students are not prepared nor used to teaching/learning virtually, causing a number of unwanted effects, including social isolation, exacerbated inequity, and potentially reduced learning. Thus, there is a critical need to determine what the effects are and how we can best address them. In the absence of such knowledge, the effects of the coronavirus may expand well beyond the illness and fatalities and cause irreparable damage to our nation’s students’ education and mental and physical wellness. It is a crucial time to react and collect pertinent data immediately. As such we have created a survey to measure and monitor the effects of forced transition to 100% online learning on community sharing, feelings of social isolation, equity, resilience, and learning content during the COVID-19 pandemic. We are sharing this survey as a Texas A&M University tech report so that other universities can use this survey to measure the effects elsewhere

Days of Darkness: The Wichitas in Indian Territory and Kansas, 1859-1867

Most of what is known about the history of the Wichita peoples is scattered throughout the works of historians Earl H. Elam and F. Todd Smith, as well as anthropologist W. W. Newcomb, Jr., leaving this historiography of the tribe relatively short. Though the Wichitas appear fleetingly in the works of other historians, little has been done to build upon the works of Elam and Smith since they wrote their comprehensive histories of the tribe in 1996, 2000, and 2008 respectively. All three of these works (one by Elam and two by Smith) are relatively short and contain only brief descriptions of the tribe during the period of the Civil War. Muddying the waters further is the fact that accounts of the tribe during the aforementioned period are conflicting, particularly in concerns to how the tribe spent their time in Indian Territory following their removal from Texas as well as their brief stay in Kansas throughout the duration of the war. This project intends to correct this array of issues. It will do so by presenting a clear narrative that encompasses the Wichita peoples’ time spent in Indian Territory, including a clearer presentation of the factors that led to their removal from Indian Territory to Kansas around the outbreak of the Civil War. The factors include abandonment by the Union, a failed relationship with the Confederacy, failure to produce crops that could sustain their population, and hostile neighbors in the form of Union-allied native bands and old enemies from Texas. The combination of these conditions led Confederate soldiers to march the Wichitas north to Kansas, where they were essentially abandoned by both warring governments. This project will also encompass their time in Kansas and will detail how the negligence of both governments, combined with failed agricultural ventures, a terrible flood season, and rampant disease, led to the sharp decline in the tribe’s population before they returned to Indian Territory in 1867 following the conclusion of the war