1,127 research outputs found
Dirac-Brueckner Hartree-Fock Approach: from Infinite Matter to Effective Lagrangians for Finite Systems
One of the open problems in nuclear structure is how to predict properties of
finite nuclei from the knowledge of a bare nucleon-nucleon interaction of the
meson-exchange type. We point out that a promising starting point consists in
Dirac-Brueckner-Hartree-Fock (DBHF) calculations us- ing realistic
nucleon-nucleon interactions like the Bonn potentials, which are able to
reproduce satisfactorily the properties of symmetric nuclear matter without the
need for 3-body forces, as is necessary in non-relativistic BHF calculations.
However, the DBHF formalism is still too com- plicated to be used directly for
finite nuclei. We argue that a possible route is to define effective
Lagrangians with density-dependent nucleon-meson coupling vertices, which can
be used in the Relativistic Hartree (or Relativistic Mean Field (RMF)) or
preferrably in the Relativistic Hartree- Fock (RHF) approach. The
density-dependence is matched to the nuclear matter DBHF results. We review the
present status of nuclear matter DBHF calculations and discuss the various
schemes to construct the self-energy, which lead to differences in the
predictions. We also discuss how effective Lagrangians have been constructed
and are used in actual calculations. We point out that completely consistent
calculations in this scheme still have to be performed.Comment: 16 pages, to be published in Journal of Physics G: Nuclear and
Particle Physics, special issue
Clinical Experience with the PillCam Patency Capsule prior to Video Capsule Endoscopy: A Real-World Experience
Background. In patients with known or suspected risk factors for gastrointestinal stenosis, the PillCam patency capsule (PC) is given before a video capsule endoscopy (VCE) in order to minimize the risk of capsule retention (CR). CR is considered unlikely upon excretion of the PC within 30 hours, excretion in an undamaged state after 30 hours, or radiological projection to the colon. Methods. We performed a retrospective analysis of 38 patients with risk factors for CR, who received a PC from 02/2013 to 04/2015 at Klinikum Augsburg. Results. Sixteen of our 38 patients observed a natural excretion after a mean time of 34 hours past ingestion. However, only 8 patients observed excretion within 30 hours, as recommended by the company. In 20 patients passage of the PC into the colon was shown via RFID-scan or radiological imaging (after 33 and 45 hours, resp.). Only 2 patients showed a pathologic PC result. In consequence, 32 patients received the VCE; no CR was observed. Conclusion. Our data indicates that a VCE could safely be performed even if the PC excretion time is longer than 30 hours and the excreted PC was not screened for damage
Auxiliary potential in no-core shell-model calculations
The Lee-Suzuki iteration method is used to include the folded diagrams in the
calculation of the two-body effective interaction between
two nucleons in a no-core model space. This effective interaction still depends
upon the choice of single-particle basis utilized in the shell-model
calculation. Using a harmonic-oscillator single-particle basis and the
Reid-soft-core {\it NN} potential, we find that overbinds
^4\mbox{He} in 0, 2, and model spaces. As the size of the
model space increases, the amount of overbinding decreases significantly. This
problem of overbinding in small model spaces is due to neglecting effective
three- and four-body forces. Contributions of effective many-body forces are
suppressed by using the Brueckner-Hartree-Fock single-particle Hamiltonian.Comment: 14 text pages and 4 figures (in postscript, available upon request).
AZ-PH-TH/94-2
Ground State Energy of the Low Density Bose Gas
Now that the properties of low temperature Bose gases at low density, ,
can be examined experimentally it is appropriate to revisit some of the
formulas deduced by many authors 4-5 decades ago. One of these is that the
leading term in the energy/particle is , where is
the scattering length. Owing to the delicate and peculiar nature of bosonic
correlations, four decades of research have failed to establish this plausible
formula rigorously. The only known lower bound for the energy was found by
Dyson in 1957, but it was 14 times too small. The correct bound is proved here.Comment: 4 pages, Revtex, reference 12 change
Nonuniversal Effects in the Homogeneous Bose Gas
Effective field theory predicts that the leading nonuniversal effects in the
homogeneous Bose gas arise from the effective range for S-wave scattering and
from an effective three-body contact interaction. We calculate the leading
nonuniversal contributions to the energy density and condensate fraction and
compare the predictions with results from diffusion Monte Carlo calculations by
Giorgini, Boronat, and Casulleras. We give a crude determination of the
strength of the three-body contact interaction for various model potentials.
Accurate determinations could be obtained from diffusion Monte Carlo
calculations of the energy density with higher statistics.Comment: 24 pages, RevTex, 5 ps figures, included with epsf.te
Clinical Study Clinical Experience with the PillCam Patency Capsule prior to Video Capsule Endoscopy: A Real-World Experience
Background. In patients with known or suspected risk factors for gastrointestinal stenosis, the PillCam patency capsule (PC) is given before a video capsule endoscopy (VCE) in order to minimize the risk of capsule retention (CR). CR is considered unlikely upon excretion of the PC within 30 hours, excretion in an undamaged state after 30 hours, or radiological projection to the colon. Methods. We performed a retrospective analysis of 38 patients with risk factors for CR, who received a PC from 02/2013 to 04/2015 at Klinikum Augsburg. Results. Sixteen of our 38 patients observed a natural excretion after a mean time of 34 hours past ingestion. However, only 8 patients observed excretion within 30 hours, as recommended by the company. In 20 patients passage of the PC into the colon was shown via RFID-scan or radiological imaging (after 33 and 45 hours, resp.). Only 2 patients showed a pathologic PC result. In consequence, 32 patients received the VCE; no CR was observed. Conclusion. Our data indicates that a VCE could safely be performed even if the PC excretion time is longer than 30 hours and the excreted PC was not screened for damage
Correspondence between solar fine-scale structures in the corona, transition region, and lower atmosphere from collaborative observations
The Soft X-Ray Imaging Payload and the High Resolution Telescope and Spectrograph (HRTS) instrument were launched from White Sands on 11 December 1987 in coordinated sounding rocket flights to investigate the correspondence of coronal and transition region structures, especially the relationship between X-ray bright points (XBPs) and transition region small spatial scale energetic events. The coaligned data from X-ray images are presented along with maps of sites of transition region energetic events observed in C IV (100,000 K), HRTS 1600 A spectroheliograms of the T sub min region and ground based magnetogram and He I 10830 A images
Fermi systems with long scattering lengths
Ground state energies and superfluid gaps are calculated for degenerate Fermi
systems interacting via long attractive scattering lengths such as cold atomic
gases, neutron and nuclear matter. In the intermediate region of densities,
where the interparticle spacing is longer than the range of the
interaction but shorter than the scattering length, the superfluid gaps and the
energy per particle are found to be proportional to the Fermi energy and thus
differs from the dilute and high density limits. The attractive potential
increase linearly with the spin-isospin or hyperspin statistical factor such
that, e.g., symmetric nuclear matter undergoes spinodal decomposition and
collapses whereas neutron matter and Fermionic atomic gases with two hyperspin
states are mechanically stable in the intermediate density region. The regions
of spinodal instabilities in the resulting phase diagram are reduced and do not
prevent a superfluid transition.Comment: extended and revised version, 7 pages including new phase diagra
Towards a fully self-consistent spectral function of the nucleon in nuclear matter
We present a calculation of nuclear matter which goes beyond the usual
quasi-particle approximation in that it includes part of the off-shell
dependence of the self-energy in the self-consistent solution of the
single-particle spectrum. The spectral function is separated in contributions
for energies above and below the chemical potential. For holes we approximate
the spectral function for energies below the chemical potential by a
-function at the quasi-particle peak and retain the standard form for
energies above the chemical potential. For particles a similar procedure is
followed. The approximated spectral function is consistently used at all levels
of the calculation. Results for a model calculation are presented, the main
conclusion is that although several observables are affected by the inclusion
of the continuum contributions the physical consistency of the model does not
improve with the improved self-consistency of the solution method. This in
contrast to expectations based on the crucial role of self-consistency in the
proofs of conservation laws.Comment: 26 pages Revtex with 4 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev.
Analytical and numerical study of hardcore bosons in two dimensions
We study various properties of bosons in two dimensions interacting only via
onsite hardcore repulsion. In particular, we use the lattice spin-wave
approximation to calculate the ground state energy, the density, the condensate
density and the superfluid density in terms of the chemical potential. We also
calculate the excitation spectrum, . In addition, we performed
high precision numerical simulations using the stochastic series expansion
algorithm. We find that the spin-wave results describe extremely well the
numerical results over the {\it whole} density range . We
also compare the lattice spin-wave results with continuum results obtained by
summing the ladder diagrams at low density. We find that for
there is good agreement, and that the difference between the two methods
vanishes as for . This offers the possibility of obtaining
precise continuum results by taking the continuum limit of the spin-wave
results for all densities. Finaly, we studied numerically the finite
temperature phase transition for the entire density range and compared with low
density predictions.Comment: 10 pages, 8 figures include
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