Tap and Reposition Youth (TRY): Providing Social Support Savings and Microcredit Opportunities for Young Women in Areas with High HIV Prevalence

This document describes providing social support savings and microcredit opportunities for young women in areas with high HIV prevelence. Tap and Reposition Youth (TRY) was a multiphase microfinance initiative which aimed to reduce adolescents' vulnerabilities to adverse social and reproductive health outcomes, including HIV infection, by improving their livelihoods options. The project was launched in low-income and slum areas of Nairobi, Kenya, where rates of HIV infection are high and where young women are disproportionately affected. TRY targeted out-of-school adolescent girls and young women aged 16-22. Through continual review and modification, the TRY microfinance model evolved from a limited savings and credit model, to one that expanded upon social support, such as friendship and mentorship

Violence against adolescent girls: A fundamental challenge to meaningful equality

Societies, rich and poor alike, are increasingly articulating commitments that guarantee girls safe and equal access to entitlements, services, social participation, and economic opportunities. yet threats of violence in many forms intervene to prevent girls from claiming their rights. Many countries stipulate equality between males and females in their constitutions. Theoretically, safe access to resources and facilities is equally afforded to girls and boys, however a far higher proportion of boys and a smaller subset of usually more privileged girls may actually claim their rights and opportunities. The experience of violence is devastating at the individual emotional and physical level. Its power to interrupt or fully disable girls’ access to entitlements, social participation, and safe and decent livelihoods is an equally compelling reason to stop it. This guide is one of a set of five GIRLS FIRST! Perspectives on Girl-Centered Programming thematic reviews addressing the five strategic priorities defined in the UN Joint Statement, “Accelerating Efforts to Advance the Rights of Adolescent Girls,” which supports governments and partners in advancing key policies and programs for the hardest-to-reach adolescent girls

Market women\u27s cooperatives: Giving women credit

In 1972, the Nicaraguan Foundation for Development (Fundación Nicaraguense de Desarrollo—FUNDE), one of two programs sponsored by the Nicaraguan Institute of Development, became aware of market women\u27s need for credit. This issue of SEEDS describes FUNDE\u27s experience in developing savings and loan cooperatives to meet this need. This summary stresses the human aspects of the process as much as the financial and technical ones. The project has been successful because the cooperatives have built upon the existing market women\u27s culture, utilizing all the subtle and complex interpersonal relationships established over the years. In essence what the cooperatives have done is to teach women to use and build on what they have to their own best advantage, by providing them with information, experience, and encouragement

On the Edge: Facing a Challenging and Uncertain Future

Introduces the Boston Elder Economic Security Standard as a tool to assess the real economic circumstances, needs, and resources of the low- and middle-income elderly in Boston, depending on their health, housing, marital status and other factors

A Directorial Approach: Waiting in the Wings

Not available

Empowering the next generation: Girls of the Maqattam garbage settlement [Arabic]

This edition of SEEDS explores the challenge of extending earning opportunities and access to valued social roles to young women in the garbage settlement of Maqattam, Egypt. This edition furthermore underscores the degree to which livelihood programs must confront the social circumstances—such as health, marriage, and cultural and family traditions—that play a major role in shaping girls\u27 current and future economic prospects

Empowering the next generation: Girls of the Maqattam garbage settlement [Arabic]

This edition of SEEDS explores the challenge of extending earning opportunities and access to valued social roles to young women in the garbage settlement of Maqattam, Egypt. This edition furthermore underscores the degree to which livelihood programs must confront the social circumstances—such as health, marriage, and cultural and family traditions—that play a major role in shaping girls\u27 current and future economic prospects

The effects of diet on the growth energetics of postlarval lobsters (Homarus americanus)

The growth energetics of postlarval lobsters (Homarus americanus) fed a brine shrimp diet (Artemia salina; 51% protein, protein:carbohydrate = 5.1) were compared with the energetics of lobsters fed three artificial diets. The artificial diets were pelletized shrimp meal diets, varying in both protein (16.65-23.30%) and carbohydrate content (22.85-31.27%) and the protein:carbohydrate ratio (0.5-1.0). The best growth was measured among lobsters fed the brine shrimp diet and the 23.30% protein diet, followed by the two lower protein diets. The protein efficiency ratios (g wet wt. gain/ g dry wt. protein fed) were inversely related to the protein level of each diet. All diets were assimilated at the same level (~ 9 0% ) but there were significant differences in food consumption rates, respiration rates and ammonia excretion rates among lobsters from the four experimental groups. Although all lobsters were given equal rations in grams, the artificial diets were lower in caloric content than the brine shrimp and the pellets were fragmented by the lobsters during the feeding process, resulting in significantly lower (P <0.01) food consumption rates of the artificial diets. Respiration rates measured immediately after feeding were significantly lower among lobsters fed the three artificial diets than those fed the brine shrimp diet; the increased respiration rate of the latter group of lobsters reflects an increased calorigenic effect due to the higher protein level of the brine shrimp diet. Ammonia excretion rates of lobsters from the four groups were significantly different from one another ( P <0 . 01) and were directly correlated with the protein level of each diet. The O:N ratios (atomic ratio of oxygen consumed to NH+ -N excreted) measured in the four experimental groups were inversely related to the protein level of the four diets, indicating an increased dependence on carbohydrate catabolism for energy production with low dietary protein levels. The reduced growth rates of lobsters fed the two lower protein diets were apparently a result of differences in the amounts of food consumed and not increased energy expenditures or reduced assimilation efficiencies.Prepared for the Department of Commerce, NOAA Office of Sea Grant under Grant #04-7-158- 44104

Portfolio pointers: Preparing and presenting high quality teaching portfolios

This goal of this project was to develop a set of guidelines for creating teaching portfolios for the Tertiary Teaching Excellence Awards or for other purposes. It includes key pointers to “getting started”, collecting evidence, interrogating practice, editing, and protecting the unique “voice” of the nominee and their student body. The guidelines consist of general principles and practical examples from both successful academic developers and award recipients and some examples from award-winning portfolios to illustrate good practice