Oncologic Outcomes of Radical Prostatectomy and Prognostic Stratification in Patients with Clinically Locally Advanced Prostate Cancer

Oncologic outcomes of radical prostatectomy in 106 patients with clinically locally advanced prostate cancer were demonstrated. The mean follow-up was 50.6 (12-129) months. 5-year recurrence-free survival was 47.7 %, 5-year cancer-specific and overall survival - 85.8 %. Patients were devided into three different risk groups: low risk patients had PSA level <20 ng/ml, biopsy Gleason score ≤6 and absence of the seminal vesicle invasion of cancer; intermediate risk was noted when the patient had only one of poor prognostic factors (PSA ≥20 ng/ml or biopsy Gleason score≥7 or presence of cancer invasion to the seminal vesicle) and high risk patients had 2 or 3 poor prognostic factors. For patients of low, intermediate and high risk the biochemical reccurence rates were 14.3 %, 37.1 % and 70.2 %, respectively (p=0.002). The patients of intermediate and high risk had clinically significant higher risk of biochemical reccurence than those of low risk with odds ratio 3.0 and 8.5, respectively. Such grouping may help in guiding the individualized treatment for these patients

Improvement of Safety of Autonomous Electrical Installations by Implementing a Method for Calculating the Electrolytic Grounding Electrodes Parameters

We have solved the task of safety improvement in the grounding process of autonomous mobile electrical installations. Existing procedures for the calculation of normalized resistance of grounding electrodes in electric installations have been examined and studied. Their main drawbacks have been revealed: the difficulty and complexity of calculations; the probabilistic and approximate character; the use of source data taken to calculate the electrophysical parameters of stationary grounding electrodes; the calculations do not account for the structural-phase structure of soil and the volume of electrolyte. Based on the application of percolation theory and the apparatus of fractal-cluster geometry, we have modeled the process of electrolytic grounding in heterogeneous soils of different porous structure, which possess the percolation and fractal properties. A physical model of the process of electrolytic grounding has been developed, which takes into consideration the soil structure properties when changing the fractal dimensionality of a cluster over a certain range that forms the electrolytic grounding conductor with the normalized resistance. It has been shown that the model of conductivity of the electrolytic grounding electrode is defined by the soil electrical conductivity in a percolation channel of the porous structure of soil and can be considered as a function of the volumetric concentration of the electrolyte and the size of the volumetric structure of the electrolytic percolation cluster. We have derived analytical expressions to relate the normalized resistance of electrolytic grounding conductors and the specific resistivity of soil to the fractal dimensionality, volume of the electrolyte, the number of pores to the electrolyte, density of a geometrical volumetric body. We have improved a method for calculating the electrophysical parameters of electrolytic grounding conductors, based on accounting for the main linear size of the cluster of an electrolytic volumetric body, which coincides with the electrolyte penetration depth for various soil structures. We have established conditions for conductivity of the electrolytic grounding conductor in order to ensure safety during operation of the autonomous mobile electrical installatio