Leo Strauss's Recovery of the Political: The City and Man as a reply to Carl Schmitt's The Concept of the Political

This dissertation demonstrates that Leo Strauss, in The City and Man, continues his response to Carl Schmitt�s arguments concerning the affirmation of the political, as outlined by Strauss in his 1932 article on Schmitt�s The Concept of the Political. In affirming the political, Strauss spoke of the 'theologico-political problem', or the question regarding who, or what, should rule society. Strauss outlines six criteria in his 1932 'Comments', which he argues can be found in Schmitt�s The Concept of the Political, as essential for the recovery of the political. In raising the question of the political, both Schmitt and Strauss return to the fundamental question regarding how one should live. In so doing, Strauss rejects Schmitt�s reliance on conflicting faiths and returns to the Socratic description of the best regime (politeia), understood as the best way of life, that is devoted to contemplation, peace and justice. In his argument in The City and Man, Strauss satisfies the six criteria outlined in his 'Comments': (1) the acceptance of moral evil within human nature; (2) the problem of opposition among groups; (3) the possibility of a non-neutral, transprivate obligation; (4) the need for a content that determines the distinction between friend and enemy; (5) a content that leads to a quarrel over the question of 'what is Right?' and (6) that the political must address 'the order of human things from a pure and whole knowledge'. This thesis demonstrates that Strauss�s 1964 book, The City and Man, indirectly addresses Schmitt�s general criteria, using an interpretation of Thucydides�s, Aristotle�s and Plato�s best regime � which is linked to the pursuit of wisdom, or the philosophic life � to provide a transpolitical standard that opposes Schmitt�s insistence on 'concrete' experience, that relies on historical destiny, and faith, as the guide to political life

Learning in and across communities of practice: health professions education students’ learning from boundary crossing

Learning to adapt to new contexts is crucial in health professions education (HPE). Boundaries between and within contexts challenge continuity in students’ learning processes. Little is known about how HPE students can make these “boundary experiences” productive for learning. We investigated how and what nursing students learn from boundary experiences while they are simultaneously growing into a community of practice (CoP). Using a boundary-crossing lens, experiences of discontinuity were identified in pre-placement and post-placement interviews and diary fragments with 14 nursing students during their placement in an academic hospital. We found that students experience discontinuity as a result of different approaches to nursing care and to learning, both between (academic and clinical) settings and within a setting. When students feel safe enough, they can convert boundary experiences into meaningful learning situations, such as critical discussions with staff. Successfully overcoming boundary experiences improves students’ understanding of healthcare and professional development and helps them to develop a personal approach to learning. Students critically address boundary experiences when they are motivated to learn and when they perceive a violation of ethical standards but not when they are concerned that it will affect their assessment. Objects designed to bridge theory and practice can generate additional barriers. This study adds to the HPE literature by demonstrating the learning potential of boundaries and to the broader literature by showing how responses to boundary experiences are intertwined with the process of growing into a CoP. The findings can be used to design future boundary objects

Factors Associated with Revision Surgery after Internal Fixation of Hip Fractures

Background: Femoral neck fractures are associated with high rates of revision surgery after management with internal fixation. Using data from the Fixation using Alternative Implants for the Treatment of Hip fractures (FAITH) trial evaluating methods of internal fixation in patients with femoral neck fractures, we investigated associations between baseline and surgical factors and the need for revision surgery to promote healing, relieve pain, treat infection or improve function over 24 months postsurgery. Additionally, we investigated factors associated with (1) hardware removal and (2) implant exchange from cancellous screws (CS) or sliding hip screw (SHS) to total hip arthroplasty, hemiarthroplasty, or another internal fixation device. Methods: We identified 15 potential factors a priori that may be associated with revision surgery, 7 with hardware removal, and 14 with implant exchange. We used multivariable Cox proportional hazards analyses in our investigation. Results: Factors associated with increased risk of revision surgery included: female sex, [hazard ratio (HR) 1.79, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.25-2.50; P = 0.001], higher body mass index (fo

Op weg naar een 'tandartsentekort'?

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[Manpower problems in dentistry]

Item does not contain fulltextIn this special issue the historic and future development of the dentist population in the Netherlands is outlined. With regard to the current supply of demand a picture is given of the regional variation in the supply of dentists. The future developments of the dentist population are put into perspective by three papers on developments in professional groups neighbouring dental general practice: oral hygienists, maxillofacial surgeons and orthodontists. These papers are supplemented by a paper on the expectations patients have regarding their dentists, both now and in the future. Finally, the consequences of changes in the tasks performed by dentists for the academic dental education, are discussed

Caries prevalence in Belgium and The Netherlands

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Aanvullend verzekeren, ja of nee? : een onderzoek naar motieven van patiënten

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A meta-analysis of histomorphometric results and graft healing time of various biomaterials compared to autologous bone used as sinus floor augmentation material in humans.

Contains fulltext : 88998.pdf (publisher's version ) (Open Access)BACKGROUND: To date, no studies have been published in which histomorphometric data from a large group of patients comparing various biomaterials for sinus floor augmentation procedures were evaluated. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A meta-analysis of the English literature from January 1993 till April 2009 was carried out. Out of 147 titles, according to our criteria, 64 articles were selected for analysis describing the use of autologous bone and their alternatives, such as allogenic, xenogenic, and alloplastic materials. RESULTS: On the basis of autologous bone grafting, a reference value for total bone volume (TBV) of 63% was found. Particulation of the bone graft resulted in a general reduction of -18% in TBV. Delayed implant placement reduced the TBV with -7%. Overall TBV was 8% or 6% higher if a biopsy was, respectively, taken before 4.5 months or after 9.0 months after initial sinus augmentation surgery. Allogenic, xenogenic, alloplastic, or combinations of graft materials all resulted in a significant lower amount of TBV compared to autologous bone grafting ranging from -7% to -26%. Inventorying the effect of "biopsy time" for autologous bone, the TBV was significantly higher before 4.5 and after 9.0 months of healing time compared to period in between. Surprisingly, no significant differences in TBV with respect to "biopsy time" for bone substitutes were found. CONCLUSIONS: On the basis of the aspect of TBV autologous bone still has to be considered to be the gold standard in sinus augmentation surgery. However, the consequence of the TBV for implant survival is still unraveled yet.1 oktober 201