Raising concerns in healthcare services : the experience of staff and families

This portfolio thesis has three parts. Part one is a systematic literature review in which the existing research literature on the psychological and systemic factors that influence healthcare staff’s decision to whistleblow on poor care is examined and its quality evaluated. Part two is an empirical paper which uses Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA; Smith, 1996) to explore the experiences of families of people with intellectual disabilities when noticing and reporting concerns in healthcare services. Part three comprises the Appendices, containing supporting information relating to parts one and two and epistemological and reflective statements.Abstract - Systematic literature review:Purpose This systematic literature review aimed to investigate the psychological and systemic variables influencing whistleblowing decisions in healthcare settings. Design/methodology/approach A search of academic databases was undertaken and reference lists of the resulting articles were searched. In total 17 studies using a range of methodologies were analysed using Narrative Synthesis. Methodological quality was assessed. Findings Psychological variables were grouped into beliefs about advocacy and professional roles, fear and diverse responses to wrongdoing. Systemic variables were grouped into relationships with peers, the culture of the organisation and feedback, however there was a complex interplay of factors. Research Implications Further research is needed to examine the efficacy of these interventions and to represent the views of a wider range of healthcare professionals. Originality/value This was a timely review given recent reports on the treatment of whistleblowers in healthcare, indicating interventions to facilitate whistleblowing such as increasing the ease of reporting systems, providing feedback and creating a more compassionate organisational culture.Abstract : empirical paperBackground: This study aimed to increase understanding of the lived experiences of families of people with intellectual disabilities when noticing and raising concerns in services. A qualitative design was employed. Methods: Seven participants were recruited through local and national voluntary agencies; five were mothers of people with intellectual disabilities, one was the aunt and one the sister. Participants took part in semi structured interviews centred on their experiences of noticing and raising concerns, these were recorded and transcribed. The data was analysed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA; Smith, 1996). Results: The data was grouped into three overarching themes: relationships between staff, family and service user, the nature and importance of concerns and the process of raising concerns. Conclusions: This research highlights important implications for services such as the need to simplify the process of raising concerns, attend to the relationship with families and ensure advocacy services are available for those without family

an Overview of the Legislative Developments at the European Level

NOVA Centre on Business, Human Rights and the Environment NOVA School of LawPractical brief prepared for the Portuguese Chamber of Commerce, September 2021authorsversionpublishe

the Implementation of the Human Rights Due Diligence Requirements in Domestic Legislations

Open Access from SSRNotherpublishe

Access to Justice for Corporate Human Rights Harms. Private International Law and Criminal Law Considerations.

THIS ARTICLE EXAMINES THE ISSUE OF CORPORATE LIABILITY FOR HUMAN RIGHTS VIOLATIONS AND ACCESS TO JUSTICE FOR THE VICTIMS THROUGH A DOUBLE LENS: THAT OF PRIVATE INTERNATIONAL LAW AND THAT OF INTERNATIONAL AND NATIONAL CRIMINAL LAW MECHANISMS. IN BOTH CASES, THE ANALYSIS FOCUSES ON THE RULES GOVERNING JURISDICTION AND APPLICABLE LAW. IN DOING SO, IT SHOWCASES THE EXISTING ACCOUNTABILITY GAPS, WHETHER RELATED TO THE UNWILLINGNESS OR INABILITY TO ADJUDICATE CASES OF CORPORATE HUMAN RIGHTS HARMS BEFORE NATIONAL CIVIL AND CRIMINAL COURTS, THE ABSENCE OF JURISDICTION AT INTERNATIONAL LEVEL (IN THE CASE OF THE INTERNATIONAL CRIMINAL COURT), DESIGN‑RELATED WEAKNESSES OF THE APPLICABLE LAW OR THE LACK OF ENFORCEABILITY OF THE EXISTING RULES. AGAINST THIS BACKDROP, IT OFFERS SOME CONCLUSIONS ON THE NEXT STEPS TO BE TAKEN AT THE LEVEL OF REGULATION AND THE PRIORITIES TO BE SET WHEN COURTS ARE FACED WITH CASES OF CORPORATE LIABILITY ARISING OUT OF HUMAN RIGHTS ABUSES.preprintpublishe

The concept of a “safe harbour” and mandatory human rights due diligence

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Creating a legislative level playing field in business and human rights at the European level : is the French duty of vigilance law the way forward?

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Corporate Accountability Mechanisms in EU Member States for Human Rights Abuses in Third Countries

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Refereeing as a Post-Athletic Career Option

Athletes may be especially primed to become referees, yet we do not know what former athletes think about this career choice. To address the worldwide referee shortage, it is important to better understand athletes’ perceptions of refereeing. From a Career Contingency Model framework, it is evident athletes’ perception would influence their decision to consider refereeing. This study’s aim was to examine athletes’ perceptions of the refereeing environment (RQ1) and identify referee recruitment barriers (RQ2). Utilizing a descriptive phenomenological approach, 23 current and former athletes took part in semi-structured interviews based on their lived experience as an athlete. The participants identified the officiating environment as a High Stress Environment with Financial Instability, while Time and Lack of Knowledge and Support were identified as recruitment barriers. The results contributed to the burgeoning line of research attempting to address the global referee shortage and provide both theoretical and practical implications for sport managers

Empresas, Derechos Humanos y la COVID-19: El deber del estado de proteger la salud laboral y el empleo'

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The Draft Directive on Corporate Sustainability Due Diligence

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