Finite momentum condensation in a pumped microcavity

We calculate the absorption spectra of a semiconductor microcavity into which a non-equilibrium exciton population has been pumped. We predict strong peaks in the spectrum corresponding to collective modes analogous to the Cooper modes in superconductors and fermionic atomic gases. These modes can become unstable, leading to the formation of off-equilibrium quantum condensates. We calculate a phase diagram for condensation, and show that the dominant instabilities can be at a finite momentum. Thus we predict the formation of inhomogeneous condensates, similar to Fulde-Ferrel-Larkin-Ovchinnikov states.Comment: 7 pages, 4 figures, updated to accepted versio

Reappraising the role of the vagus nerve in GLP-1-mediated regulation of eating.

Here, we provide a focused review of the evidence for the roles of the vagus nerve in mediating the regulatory effects of peripherally and centrally produced GLP-1 on eating behaviour and energy balance. We particularly focus on recent studies which have used selective genetic, viral, and transcriptomic approaches to provide important insights into the anatomical and functional organisation of GLP-1-mediated gut-brain signalling pathways. A number of these studies have challenged canonical ideas of how GLP-1 acts in the periphery and the brain to regulate eating behaviour, with important implications for the development of pharmacological treatments for obesity

An analysis of the distribution and abundance of sandeels in grey seals' foraging hotspots around the Inner Hebrides, West Scotland

Quantifying the abundance and distribution of sandeels in grey seal foraging areas will provide an improved understanding of habitat use of grey seals on the West Coast of Scotland. The lesser sandeel, Ammodytes marinus, is a key food for many seabirds and seals, and is also the target of the largest single-species fishery in the North Sea (Furness, 2002).Fisheries acoustic data were collected during 2 cruises in May 2004 and July 2004 around the Inner Hebrides, West Scotland. A fully calibrated EK500 echosounder was used, operating at two frequencies (38kHz and 120kHz). The collected data was processed using SonarData Echoview software. Acoustic identification of sandeels was established by using a dB difference algorithm (?MVBS = MVBS38 - MVBS120; where ?MVBS < -1 indicated sandeels). The resulting Nautical Area Backscattering Coefficient (NASC) was integrated for each 0.5 nmi interval and converted to a relative estimate of mean sandeel density in seal foraging areas. Information on the spatial distribution and movements of 34 grey seals around the West Coast of Scotland in 2003 and 2004 have been collected by SMRU using Satellite Relay Data Loggers (SDRL) and will be used to compare sandeel densities and distribution in areas of high seal usage.The results indicated that the distribution of sandeels was extremely patchy along transects and the cruise track. A comparison of the relative abundance of sandeels in foraging areas showed that densities vary extremely between these areas. Highest densities of sandeels were recorded East of Tiree on the 14th of May and in Stanton Banks on the 17th of July.Future research will involve establishing a correlation between seal usage of foraging areas and sandeel abundance and distribution. In addition, the analysis of other fish species and zooplankton in these areas will contribute to a further understanding of foraging strategies of grey seals. The capabilities of underwater acoustic research and their implementation in ecosystem-based studies are constantly evolving. Interdisciplinary research should be encouraged in order to provide useful insights in ecosystem dynamics but also to benefit fisheries and conservation management strategies

Uncertainty in the sensitivity of Arctic sea ice to global warming in a perturbed parameter climate model ensemble

The retreat of Arctic sea ice is a very likely consequence of climate change and part of a key feedback process, which can accelerate global warming. The uncertainty in predictions in the rate of sea ice retreat requires quantification and ultimately reduction via observational constraints. Here we analyse a climate model ensemble with perturbations to parameters in the atmosphere model. We find a large range of the sensitivity of Arctic sea-ice retreat to global temperature change, from 11 to 18% per degrees C. This is placed in the context of the uncertainty obtained by alternative model ensembles. Reasons for the different sensitivities are explored and we find that differences in the amount of ocean and atmospheric heat transported from low to high latitudes dominates over local radiative contributions to the heat budget. Furthermore, we find no significant relationship between the uncertainty in sea ice response to climate change and climate sensitivity

Length of Life of Apple Trees in Minnesota

Brierley, W. G.. (1921). Length of Life of Apple Trees in Minnesota. Retrieved from the University Digital Conservancy, https://hdl.handle.net/11299/188219

A study of senescence in the red raspberry cane

This archival publication may not reflect current scientific knowledge or recommendations

Making cider and cider vinegar

4 pages. This archival publication may not reflect current scientific knowledge or recommendations. Current information available from the University of Minnesota Extension: https://www.extension.umn.edu

Orchard Studies: Axillary Fruit Buds on Some Apple Varieties in Minnesota

Brierley, W. G.. (1953). Orchard Studies: Axillary Fruit Buds on Some Apple Varieties in Minnesota. Retrieved from the University Digital Conservancy, https://hdl.handle.net/11299/188220

Hydromorphological frameworks: emerging trajectories

This paper forms a postscript to a Special Issue that reports on research funded through the European Union’s FP7 programme under Grant Agreement No. 282656 (REFORM)