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Metabolic and Endocrine correlates of cognitive function in healthy young women
Obesity has been associated with cognitive decline in longitudinal studies of older individuals. We hypothesized that the cognitive sequelae of obesity may be detectable in the reproductive years. In addition, we explored the hypothesis that these associations may be mediated by the hormonal milieu. In this study of 49 young healthy lean and overweight women aged 20–45, we investigated the association between performance on a battery of cognitive tests, body composition parameters (BMI, total fat, abdominal (visceral, subcutaneous and total) adipose tissue, and muscle), and hormone levels (insulin, adiponectin, leptin, IGF-1, estrogen, testosterone, and vitamin D). We found a significant negative association between both visceral adiposity and muscle, and performance in the domain of verbal learning and memory, after controlling for age and education. Other body composition parameters showed similar trends (0.05<p<0.10). Additionally, the degree of insulin resistance was negatively associated with executive function domain. None of the associations between the other hormones examined (adipokines, IGF-1, gonadal hormones and vitamin D) and cognitive function were significant. These preliminary findings suggest a possible association between obesity and cognitive function in healthy young women of reproductive age. More research is warranted into the potential modulatory effect of insulin resistance on this association
Seventy-five years of breeding dry bean of the western USA
A periodic comparison of cultivars is essential
to assess selection gains, determine deficiencies,
define objectives, and set breeding priorities.
Our objective was to assess the progress,
or lack thereof, achieved in improving yield,
plant type, maturity, and resistance to major
bacterial, fungal, and viral diseases of dry bean
of the western USA from 1918 to 1998. Twenty-five
great northern, pink, pinto, and red cultivars
were evaluated for seed yield at three locations
in Idaho and for anthracnose, Bean common
mosaic virus, Bean common mosaic necrosis
virus, common and halo bacterial blights, Fusarium
and Rhizoctonia root rots, Fusarium wilt, and
white mold in Colorado, Idaho, and Washington
between 1999 and 2006. Yield ranged between
2904 kg ha-1 for pinto 'UI 111' to 3921 kg ha- 1
for 'Bill Z', which represents a 35% gain in 54
yr. Yield gain in great northern was 587 kg ha-1 ,
pink 136 kg ha-1 , and red 687 kg ha- 1 . Stability
indices ranged from 0.57 for 'Kodiak' to 1.86 for
'UI 3'. Maturity ranged from 90 d for 'UI 320' to
97 d for 'Frontier'. Seed weight ranged from 28
g for 'Viva' to 41 g for UI 320. An acceptable
degree of resistance to Rhizoctonia root rot was
achieved in most cultivars. All cultivars were
susceptible to anthracnose, common bacterial
blight, and white mold, and all except 'Chase'
to halo blight. Only 'Matterhorn', 'Weihing', and
Kodiak combined an upright Type II growth
habit with resistance to BCMV and rust. An integrated
breeding strategy should be explored for
simultaneous improvement of multiple traits in
future cultivars
Seventy-five years of breeding dry bean of the western USA
A periodic comparison of cultivars is essential
to assess selection gains, determine deficiencies,
define objectives, and set breeding priorities.
Our objective was to assess the progress,
or lack thereof, achieved in improving yield,
plant type, maturity, and resistance to major
bacterial, fungal, and viral diseases of dry bean
of the western USA from 1918 to 1998. Twenty-five
great northern, pink, pinto, and red cultivars
were evaluated for seed yield at three locations
in Idaho and for anthracnose, Bean common
mosaic virus, Bean common mosaic necrosis
virus, common and halo bacterial blights, Fusarium
and Rhizoctonia root rots, Fusarium wilt, and
white mold in Colorado, Idaho, and Washington
between 1999 and 2006. Yield ranged between
2904 kg ha-1 for pinto 'UI 111' to 3921 kg ha- 1
for 'Bill Z', which represents a 35% gain in 54
yr. Yield gain in great northern was 587 kg ha-1 ,
pink 136 kg ha-1 , and red 687 kg ha- 1 . Stability
indices ranged from 0.57 for 'Kodiak' to 1.86 for
'UI 3'. Maturity ranged from 90 d for 'UI 320' to
97 d for 'Frontier'. Seed weight ranged from 28
g for 'Viva' to 41 g for UI 320. An acceptable
degree of resistance to Rhizoctonia root rot was
achieved in most cultivars. All cultivars were
susceptible to anthracnose, common bacterial
blight, and white mold, and all except 'Chase'
to halo blight. Only 'Matterhorn', 'Weihing', and
Kodiak combined an upright Type II growth
habit with resistance to BCMV and rust. An integrated
breeding strategy should be explored for
simultaneous improvement of multiple traits in
future cultivars
Quantitative trait loci associated with drought tolerance in common bean
Drought stress is the major limitation of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) grown in subsistence farming systems worldwide. The objective of this study was to use single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers from the BARCBean6K_3 Beadchip to identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) associated with traits related to drought tolerance in common bean. An intergene pool recombinant inbred line (RIL) population from a cross of drought tolerant line SEA5 and CAL96 cultivar was evaluated in Rwanda for 3 yr under drought stress and nonstress and in Colombia for 1 yr under drought stress. Traits evaluated included the numbers of days to flower, maturity, and seed fill; harvest index and pod harvest index; yield and yield components including number of pods per plant, seeds per pod, 100 seed weight (SW), and seed yield per day. Harvest indices, and SW were stable regardless of water treatment while number of pods per plant, seeds per pod, and yield were significantly reduced by drought. A linkage map of the RIL population spanning 1351 cM was constructed using 2122 SNP markers. The map covered all eleven bean chromosomes with an average distance of 0.64 cM between markers. A total of 14 QTL for performance under drought were consistently identified in different environments. Quantitative trait loci associated with phenology and SW traits mapped near previously reported QTL. Linkage between SW and yield QTL SY3.3SC was observed on Pv03 and could be used to simultaneously select for seed yield and size in intergene pool crosses of common bean
Evaluation of DNA methylation episignatures for diagnosis and phenotype correlations in 42 Mendelian neurodevelopmental disorders
Oral presentation - Plenary Sessions: PL2.1Erfan Aref-Eshghi ... Marie Shaw, Jozef Gecz ... et al
Effects of corporate tax reform on optimum debt maturity
Optimum debt maturity, Investment decision, Net present value, Corporate tax, H25, H32, M21, G31,