Realist review of just transition

The Independent Evaluation Unit of the Green Climate Fund and the International Labour Organisation are jointly undertaking a rigorous and precise global evidence review of interventions that could be regarded as aiming at outcomes consistent with a just transition in non-Annex I countries, specifically in the energy, agriculture, and infrastructure sectors and in ecosystem services. This approach paper describes this research in detail and sets out the realist approach to reviewing just transition. It identifies the need for a just transition, the paucity of evidence in non-Annex I countries and hence the case for this GCF–IEU / ILO evidence review. It also introduces the four systems to examine: energy, agriculture/food, infrastructure and ecosystem services. It also details the review's scope and objectives and explains the methods to be applied, including the search strategy, data screening, data extraction and management, data synthesis, and learning and uptake of findings

Erratum to "The launch of the first-ever Integrated Assessment of Air Pollution and Climate Change for Sustainable Development in Africa"

Erratum to "The launch of the first-ever Integrated Assessment of Air Pollution and Climate Change for Sustainable Development in Africa" published in Clean Air Journal, 32(2), 2022, https://doi.org/10.17159/caj/2022/32/2.15320 The original article can be found here: https://cleanairjournal.org.za/article/view/1532

South Africa's national REDD+ initiative: assessing the potential of the forestry sector on climate change mitigation

Reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation in developing countries (REDD+) is regarded by its proponents as one of the more efficient and cost effective ways to mitigate climate change. There was further progress toward the implementation of this mechanism at the 16th Conference of Parties (COP) in Cancun in December 2010. Many countries in southern African, including South Africa, have not been integrated (do not participate) into the UN-REDD+ programme, probably due to their low forest cover and national rates of deforestation. This paper discusses the potential contribution of REDD+ activities to the South African Government's pledge of reducing national greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by 34% below business as usual by 2020. A number of issues such as complex land tenure system, limited forest cover and other conflicting environmental issues present challenges for REDD+ in South Africa. Despite these genuine concerns, REDD+ remains a practical strategy to contribute to climate change mitigation for South Africa. The paper raises the need for development of a variety of emission reduction programmes – not only in the energy sector. The paper also assesses several national options and opportunities towards a working REDD+ mechanism. It concludes by identifying key mechanisms for moving forward to prepare for REDD+ actions in South Africa and raises the urgent need for national dialogue between stakeholders and institutions to evaluate the feasibility of making use of the mechanism in South Africa and the Southern African Development Cooperation (SADC) region. The paper further addresses possible synergies and conflicts between the national climate change and forestry policies towards REDD+ development. It suggests that REDD+ should be part of the national dialogue on policy to respond to climate change and should be integrated into the national flagship programmes that the national climate change white paper seeks to implement. A multiple-benefit REDD+ initiative for South Africa can benefit from these international financial initiatives. It is anticipated that this initiative will provide a platform to enhance policy, institutional and technical stakeholder capacities to access financial incentives that may lead to sound environmental practises

Review of publications on the water-energy-food nexus and climate change adaptation using bibliometric analysis

Access to clean water, reliable energy services and adequate food supply are basic needs for life and contribute to the reduction of national and global levels of human poverty and forced migration. This study concentrated on reviewing progress made in understanding the relationship between the Water-Energy-Food (WEF) nexus and climate change adaptation, using Africa as a case study. The method used to achieve this objective was the bibliometric analysis, covering the period from 1980–2021. Data used for this study were acquired from theWeb of Science (WoS) and Scopus databases. Initially, 95 documents were retrieved from theWoS and Scopus core collection databases, but 30 duplicates were removed, and 65 documents were used. The outputs were further analysed using the bibliometric R package and VOS viewer. Analysis of the top 100 keywords in the 65 publications that link WEF nexus with climate change adaptation for Africa showed that 46 keywords fall under the application of WEF nexus, 31 keywords under the implementation of WEF nexus and 23 keywords under the implication of WEF nexus. Researchers from countries around the world have published the WEF nexus work undertaken on the African continent. Countries with the highest number of publications were South Africa, the United Kingdom, the United States of America, Germany, Kenya and Zimbabwe. Thematic analysis was used to explore the conceptual structure of WEF publications, and it produced four themes: (i) well-established concepts appropriate for structuring the conceptual framework of the field of WEF nexus in Africa; (ii) strongly developed concepts but still marginal for the field of WEF nexus in Africa; (iii) not fully developed or marginally interesting concepts for the field of WEF nexus in Africa, and (iv) significant cross-cutting concepts in the field of WEF nexus in Africa in relation to climate change adaptation. This study contributes to the growing body of literature on the WEF nexus by pointing out dominant themes from those that are still emerging in the scholarly work done in Africa.The Water Research Commission in South Africa.https://www.mdpi.com/journal/sustainabilityam2023Geography, Geoinformatics and Meteorolog

Review of Publications on the Water-Energy-Food Nexus and Climate Change Adaptation Using Bibliometric Analysis: A Case Study of Africa

Access to clean water, reliable energy services and adequate food supply are basic needs for life and contribute to the reduction of national and global levels of human poverty and forced migration. This study concentrated on reviewing progress made in understanding the relationship between the Water-Energy-Food (WEF) nexus and climate change adaptation, using Africa as a case study. The method used to achieve this objective was the bibliometric analysis, covering the period from 1980–2021. Data used for this study were acquired from the Web of Science (WoS) and Scopus databases. Initially, 95 documents were retrieved from the WoS and Scopus core collection databases, but 30 duplicates were removed, and 65 documents were used. The outputs were further analysed using the bibliometric R package and VOS viewer. Analysis of the top 100 keywords in the 65 publications that link WEF nexus with climate change adaptation for Africa showed that 46 keywords fall under the application of WEF nexus, 31 keywords under the implementation of WEF nexus and 23 keywords under the implication of WEF nexus. Researchers from countries around the world have published the WEF nexus work undertaken on the African continent. Countries with the highest number of publications were South Africa, the United Kingdom, the United States of America, Germany, Kenya and Zimbabwe. Thematic analysis was used to explore the conceptual structure of WEF publications, and it produced four themes: (i) well-established concepts appropriate for structuring the conceptual framework of the field of WEF nexus in Africa; (ii) strongly developed concepts but still marginal for the field of WEF nexus in Africa; (iii) not fully developed or marginally interesting concepts for the field of WEF nexus in Africa, and (iv) significant cross-cutting concepts in the field of WEF nexus in Africa in relation to climate change adaptation. This study contributes to the growing body of literature on the WEF nexus by pointing out dominant themes from those that are still emerging in the scholarly work done in Africa

Report of the technical review of the second biennial report of the European Union

According to decision 2/CP.17, developed country Parties are requested to submit their second biennial report by 1 January 2016, that is, two years after the due date for submission of a full national communication. This report presents the results of the technical review of the second biennial report of the European Union, conducted by an expert review team in accordance with the "Guidelines for the technical review of information reported under the Convention related to greenhouse gas inventories, biennial reports and national communications by Parties included in Annex I to the Convention". Reference code: FCCC/TRR.2/E

Report of the technical review of the second biennial report of Slovakia

According to decision 2/CP.17, developed country Parties are requested to submit their second biennial reports by 1 January 2016, that is, two years after the due date for submission of a full national communication. This report presents the results of the technical review of the second biennial report of Slovakia, conducted by an expert review team in accordance with the "Guidelines for the technical review of information reported under the Convention related to greenhouse gas inventories, biennial reports and national communications by Parties included in Annex I to the Convention". Reference code: FCCC/TRR.2/SV