21st Century Socialist-Feminism

This article considers feminist politics in the context of global capitalist restructuring. The incorporation of liberal feminist ideas into the contemporary neo-liberal capitalist order of the global north is analyzed through an intersectional lens and in relation to the successful employers’ assault on the working class which set the stage for the defeat of the radical equality demands of feminists, anti-racist activists, indigenous peoples and others which had flourished in the 1960s and 1970s. In the 21st century, it is argued, in response to structural adjustment policies enforced by neo-liberal capitalism in both the global north and global south, women of the working classes have entered the political stage through a broad array of movements. The article explores how these movements are creatively developing socialist feminist politics. The article concludes that this socialist-feminist politics has much to offer the left as it gropes toward new organizational forms and organizing strategies

Lutte contre le mildiou de la laitue (Bremia lactucae) sous abri froid : compte-rendu d'essai 2011

Le mildiou de la laitue (Bremia lactucae) est la maladie la plus redoutée sur cette espèce,notamment en culture biologique d’hiver sous abris. En Provence, les dégâts sont très importants, parfois dès la pépinière, et entraînent de fortes pertes financières. Cette situation est due à deux facteurs principaux : d’une part au contournement récurrent des résistances génétiques par de nouvelles souches de Bremia (28 races déterminées à ce jour), et d’autre part à la faiblesse des méthodes de lutte biologique possibles contre ce champignon (notamment la faible efficacité des traitements à base de cuivre). Cet essai s’inscrit dans le cadre d’un programme CASDAR porté par l’ITAB visant à tester des extraits de plantes

Democracia, comunidade e cuidado

Resumo O texto analisa os limites de qualquer forma privatizada familiar de organização da vida ”“ e não apenas daquelas formadas por casais heterossexuais com filhos ”“ para a democracia. A partir dessa análise, discute a reconfiguração das estruturas de autoridade como necessária à recriação de formas coletivas de responsabilização pela vida cotidiana. Nas sociedades contemporâneas (e o texto tem o foco sobretudo nos Estados Unidos), a precarização do suporte para o cuidado das crianças, dos idosos, mas também do cuidado recíproco entre adultos, tem levado a políticas conservadoras de exaltação da família. Isso corresponde, no entanto, a uma sobrecarga de funções, em que especialmente mulheres e trabalhadores se veem pressionados a assumir ocupações que permitiriam prover a família e, embora as primeiras deixem pouco tempo para isso, a fornecer, no domínio privado familiar restrito, todo o trabalho e o suporte necessários ao cuidado e à reprodução cotidiana da vida. Ao mesmo tempo, as políticas do Estado de bem-estar social significaram formas não democráticas de controle, especialmente sobre as mulheres que não atendiam aos padrões convencionais, como as mães solteiras. Formas coletivas e democráticas de compartilhamento do cuidado, estimuladas por políticas e recursos públicos, permitiriam mais suporte aos indivíduos, formas mais solidárias de convivência e relações mais igualitárias. Palavras-chave: cuidado, família, democracia, trabalho, responsabilidade coletiva.   Abstract The paper analyzes the limits of any privatized family form of organizing life ”“ not just those formed by heterosexual couples with children ”“ for democracy. Based on this analysis, it discusses the reconfiguration of authority structures as necessary to re-create collective forms of accountability in everyday life. In contemporary societies (the text is focused on the US), precarization of support to care for children and the elderly, but also mutual care among adults, have led to conservative policies exalting the family. This corresponds, however, to an overload of functions where women and workers are especially under pressure to take occupations that would allow providing for their families and, although little time is left for that, to provide for all the work and support needed for care and everyday reproduction of life in the strict family private domain. At the same time, Welfare State policies meant undemocratic forms of control, especially on women who did not meet conventional standards, such as single mothers. Democratic collective forms of care sharing, encouraged by public policies and resources, would enable more support to individuals, more solidary forms of coexistence and more egalitarian relations. Keywords: Care; family; democracy; labor; collective responsibilit

Fiche technique : Hoplocampe du pommier en AB

Le contrôle des ravageurs dits secondaires pré-occupe de plus en plus les arboriculteurs. La plus grande sélectivité des méthodes de protection phytosanitaire utilisées explique en partie l’augmentation de leur présence. Dans le contexte phytosanitaire actuel, il est primordial de caractériser les risques et d’identifier les solutions disponibles pour contrôler ces ravageurs. L’hoplocampe du pommier est un ravageur largement répandu en Europe et en Amérique du Nord. En verger de pommier conduit en AB, il peut entrainer de très fortes pertes de rende-ment préjudiciables économiquement. D’autres espèces d’hoplocampes s’attaquent à la poire (H. brevis) et à la prune (H. minuta et H. flava), elles ne sont pas traitées dans cette fiche

Fiche technique : Anthonome du pommier en AB

Le contrôle des ravageurs dits secondaires pré-occupe de plus en plus les arboriculteurs. La plus grande sélectivité des méthodes de protection phytosanitaire utilisées explique en partie l’augmentation de leur présence. Dans le contexte phytosanitaire actuel, il est primordial de caractériser les risques et d’identifier les solutions disponibles pour contrôler ces ravageurs.L’anthonome du pommier est un ravageur dont l’intensité des dégâts en verger a augmenté au cours des dernières décennies dans de nombreuses régions en Europe. Plusieurs travaux rapportent une intensité des dégâts pouvant atteindre 90%, remettant en cause la rentabilité économique à moyen terme de la culture

Assessment of diseases susceptibility of peach cultivars in experimental plots and on-farm for organic and low-input systems. Baseline of French case studies

Despite a high turn-over of new peach cultivars, their suitability for organic and low-input systems remains unknown for most of them. Diseases susceptibility is an important criteria to consider since diseases control is a bottleneck to peach production in theses systems. Since 2001, 81 peach cultivars were assessed in 2 experimental sites and 7 on-farm plots

Screening Of Alternatives To Decrease Copper Dependency For Plasmopara Viticola Control In Organic Grape Production

Downy mildew caused by Plasmopara viticola is a major pest in viticulture worldwide. Organic viticulture is highly dependent of copper-based product to control this disease. Because copper has negative environmental impact, strategies to decrease dependency to copper-based products are needed. In that context, during 2005-2017 period, we have assessed the efficacy of 35 compounds to control downy mildew on-farm. This study present a selection of our results. The screening showed that several formulated products and compounds have an efficacy to control the downy mildew when they are compared with the untreated control, but none at an efficiency similar to copper. When alternatives compounds are associated with a low copper dose, significant additional effect are rarely observed over the whole season

Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS) reliably stratifies octogenarians in German ICUs: a multicentre prospective cohort study

Background: In intensive care units (ICU) octogenarians become a routine patients group with aggravated therapeutic and diagnostic decision-making. Due to increased mortality and a reduced quality of life in this high-risk population, medical decision-making a fortiori requires an optimum of risk stratification. Recently, the VIP-1 trial prospectively observed that the clinical frailty scale (CFS) performed well in ICU patients in overall-survival and short-term outcome prediction. However, it is known that healthcare systems differ in the 21 countries contributing to the VIP-1 trial. Hence, our main focus was to investigate whether the CFS is usable for risk stratification in octogenarians admitted to diversified and high tech German ICUs. Methods: This multicentre prospective cohort study analyses very old patients admitted to 20 German ICUs as a sub-analysis of the VIP-1 trial. Three hundred and eight patients of 80 years of age or older admitted consecutively to participating ICUs. CFS, cause of admission, APACHE II, SAPS II and SOFA scores, use of ICU resources and ICU- and 30-day mortality were recorded. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors associated with 30-day mortality. Results: Patients had a median age of 84 [IQR 82–87] years and a mean CFS of 4.75 (± 1.6 standard-deviation) points. More than half of the patients (53.6%) were classified as frail (CFS ≥ 5). ICU-mortality was 17.3% and 30-day mortality was 31.2%. The cause of admission (planned vs. unplanned), (OR 5.74) and the CFS (OR 1.44 per point increase) were independent predictors of 30-day survival. Conclusions: The CFS is an easy determinable valuable tool for prediction of 30-day ICU survival in octogenarians, thus, it may facilitate decision-making for intensive care givers in Germany. Trial registration: The VIP-1 study was retrospectively registered on ClinicalTrials.gov (ID: NCT03134807 ) on May 1, 2017

Fine-mapping identifies multiple prostate cancer risk loci at 5p15, one of which associates with TERT expression

Associations between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) at 5p15 and multiple cancer types have been reported. We have previously shown evidence for a strong association between prostate cancer (PrCa) risk and rs2242652 at 5p15, intronic in the telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) gene that encodes TERT. To comprehensively evaluate the association between genetic variation across this region and PrCa, we performed a fine-mapping analysis by genotyping 134 SNPs using a custom Illumina iSelect array or Sequenom MassArray iPlex, followed by imputation of 1094 SNPs in 22 301 PrCa cases and 22 320 controls in The PRACTICAL consortium. Multiple stepwise logistic regression analysis identified four signals in the promoter or intronic regions of TERT that independently associated with PrCa risk. Gene expression analysis of normal prostate tissue showed evidence that SNPs within one of these regions also associated with TERT expression, providing a potential mechanism for predisposition to disease

Corticotropin-stimulated steroid profiles to predict shock development and mortality in sepsis: From the HYPRESS study

Rationale Steroid profiles in combination with a corticotropin stimulation test provide information about steroidogenesis and its functional reserves in critically ill patients. Objectives We investigated whether steroid profiles before and after corticotropin stimulation can predict the risk of in-hospital death in sepsis. Methods An exploratory data analysis of a double blind, randomized trial in sepsis (HYPRESS [HYdrocortisone for PRevention of Septic Shock]) was performed. The trial included adult patients with sepsis who were not in shock and were randomly assigned to placebo or hydrocortisone treatment. Corticotropin tests were performed in patients prior to randomization and in healthy subjects. Cortisol and precursors of glucocorticoids (17-OH-progesterone, 11-desoxycortisol) and mineralocorticoids (11-desoxycorticosterone, corticosterone) were analyzed using the multi-analyte stable isotope dilution method (LC–MS/MS). Measurement results from healthy subjects were used to determine reference ranges, and those from placebo patients to predict in-hospital mortality. Measurements and main results Corticotropin tests from 180 patients and 20 volunteers were included. Compared to healthy subjects, patients with sepsis had elevated levels of 11-desoxycorticosterone and 11-desoxycortisol, consistent with activation of both glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid pathways. After stimulation with corticotropin, the cortisol response was subnormal in 12% and the corticosterone response in 50% of sepsis patients. In placebo patients (n = 90), a corticotropin-stimulated cortisol-to-corticosterone ratio > 32.2 predicted in-hospital mortality (AUC 0.8 CI 0.70–0.88; sensitivity 83%; and specificity 78%). This ratio also predicted risk of shock development and 90-day mortality. Conclusions In this exploratory analysis, we found that in sepsis mineralocorticoid steroidogenesis was more frequently impaired than glucocorticoid steroidogenesis. The corticotropin-stimulated cortisol-to-corticosterone ratio predicts the risk of in-hospital death. Trial registration Clinical trial registered with www.clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT00670254. Registered 1 May 2008, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00670254