3,173 research outputs found
Non-Markovian Dynamics of Quantum Discord
We evaluate the quantum discord dynamics of two qubits in independent and
common non-Markovian environments. We compare the dynamics of entanglement with
that of quantum discord. For independent reservoirs the quantum discord
vanishes only at discrete instants whereas the entanglement can disappear
during a finite time interval. For a common reservoir, quantum discord and
entanglement can behave very differently with sudden birth of the former but
not of the latter. Furthermore, in this case the quantum discord dynamics
presents sudden changes in the derivative of its time evolution which is
evidenced by the presence of kinks in its behavior at discrete instants of
time.Comment: 6 pages, 4 figure
How much time does a measurement take?
We consider the problem of measurement using the Lindblad equation, which
allows the introduction of time in the interaction between the measured system
and the measurement apparatus. We use analytic results, valid for weak
system-environment coupling, obtained for a two-level system in contact with a
measurer (Markovian interaction) and a thermal bath (non-Markovian
interaction), where the measured observable may or may not commute with the
system-environment interaction. Analysing the behavior of the coherence, which
tends to a value asymptotically close to zero, we obtain an expression for the
time of measurement which depends only on the system-measurer coupling, and
which does not depend on whether the observable commutes with the system-bath
interaction. The behavior of the coherences in the case of strong
system-environment coupling, found numerically, indicates that an increase in
this coupling decreases the measurement time, thus allowing our expression to
be considered the upper limit for the duration of the process.Comment: REVISED VERSION: 17 pages, 2 figure
Avaliação da dinâmica do nitrogênio do solo em sistema de plantio direto e convencional em função da forma de aplicação da adubação nitrogenada.
O nitrogênio (N) é um dos nutrientes que tem sua dinâmica influenciada sob sistemas conservacionistas, como é o caso do sistema plantio direto. Utilizou-se o delineamento experimental em blocos casualizados, em esquema fatorial 2x2x3, sendo dois sistemas de manejo do solo (SPD e SC); duas formas de aplicação de N (100% na semeadura; parcelamento de 30% na semeadura e 70% em cobertura) e três profundidades (0-10, 10-20, 20-40 cm). A coleta de solo foi realizada em área da Embrapa Amazônia Oriental em Paragominas-PA e posteriormente submetidas as determinações de N total, NO3- (nitrato) e NH4+ (amônio). O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar a dinâmica de N total, NO3- e NH4+ e N orgânico sob SPD e SC em função de formas de aplicação da adubação nitrogenada em diferentes profundidades. Os maiores teores de N foram verificados na superfície do solo em ambos os sistemas. O SC apresentou maiores os teores de N independentemente da forma avaliada. O N-NO3- apresentou alta mobilidade no perfil do solo no SC.PIBIC-2011
Quantum state tomography and quantum logical operations in a three qubits NMR quadrupolar system
In this work, we present an implementation of quantum logic gates and
algorithms in a three effective qubits system, represented by a (I = 7/2) NMR
quadrupolar nuclei. To implement these protocols we have used the strong
modulating pulses (SMP). The various stages of each implementation were
verified by quantum state tomography (QST). It is presented here the results
for the computational base states, Toffolli logic gates, and Deutsch-Jozsa and
Grover algorithms. Also, we discuss the difficulties and advantages of
implementing such protocols using the SMP technique in quadrupolar systems.Comment: 24 pages, 8 figure
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