Aktualni problemi profesionalne socijalizacije u novačkom sustavu: slučaj prirodnih i društvenih znanosti

Analiza novačkog sustava pokazala je da formalnopravni okvir, kao i nedostatno definiranje ciljeva politike osposobljavanja mladih istraživača u Hrvatskoj, generiraju neka od obilježja radnopravne nesigurnosti ili prekarnosti na tržištu rada poput neizvjesnosti budućeg zapošljavanja i/ili zadržavanja niše u profesiji. No, podaci o uspješnosti novačkog sustava ukazuju na ozbiljne manjkavosti i u ishodima profesionalne socijalizacije što upućuje na probleme profesionalnog osposobljavanja u smislu reprodukcije znanja i vještina u okviru znanstvenog i visokoobrazovnog sustava. Ova kvalitativna studija istražuje koje su prepreke procesu profesionalne socijalizacije mladih istraživača u prirodnim i društvenim znanostima te koja je priroda i koje su okolnosti nastanka navedenih prepreka. Istraživanje putem polustrukturiranih intervjua provedeno na uzorku od 40 mladih istraživača iz različitih polja društvenih i prirodnih znanosti pokazalo je da su ozbiljne prepreke procesa profesionalne socijalizacije više povezane s načinom svakodnevnog praktičnog funkcioniranja znanstveno- novačkog sustava, nego sa samim radnopravnim okvirom. Tako su kao najveće prepreke u oba područja znanosti prepoznati problemi poput prekomjernog rada novaka u nastavi i/ili na tržišnim projektima trećih naručitelja, problemi s formalnom supervizijom i/ili mentorstvom, prepreke vezane uz nedostatno financiranje znanstvenih istraživanja, premali istraživački timovi i nedostatak stručnog i tehničkog osoblja, te problemi povezani s dominantnim vrijednostima akademske zajednice koje se izražavaju i kao generacijski jaz između mlađih i starijih istraživača. Rad zaključuje da unatoč činjenici da je novaštvo komparativno povoljniji formalnopravni okvir istraživačke socijalizacije u odnosu na internacionalna iskustva, praktično provođenje sustava upravo istraživačku, a naročito disciplinarnu socijalizaciju, često onemogućuje te da je kontradikcija formalnopravnog okvira i praktičnog funkcioniranja prisutna na svim socijalizacijskim razinama. Razmatrajući u istraživanju prepoznate probleme profesionalne socijalizacije mladih istraživača u svijetlu novijih znanstvenih politika, primjećuje se da one idu u smjeru povećanja radnopravne nesigurnosti mladih istraživača, a da pritom ne rješavaju aktualne probleme novačkog sustava, već ih potencijalno i produbljuju. (IN ENGLISH: Analysis of the scientific novice program has shown that a formal framework and the lack of definition of the policy objectives related to the training of young researchers in Croatia generate aspects of labour insecurity or labour precarity, such as future employment insecurity or inability and lack of opportunity to retain a niche in employment. However, the data on success of scientific novice program show serious deficiencies in professional socialization outcomes that are also pointing out to problems related to lack of skill and knowledge reproduction security within the science and higher education system. This qualitative study investigates what are the main obstacles of successful professional socialization of young researchers in natural and social sciences and analyses their nature together with the circumstances in which those obstacles occur. Analyses of the data gathered from the interviews with 40 young researchers from different fields of natural and social sciences have shown that existing serious obstacles and problems related to professional socialization are more related to the practical everyday functioning of the scientific novice program than to its formal framework. As most prominent obstacles respondents from both disciplines have recognized teaching burden and excessive workload related to commercial projects, problems related to formal supervision and/or mentorship, obstacles related to the lack of financial support of research projects, shortage of project staff and lack of technical personnel, together with the problems related to dominant values of domestic academic community that is often described as generation gap between younger and older researchers. Therefore, despite the fact that scientific novice program can be seen as somewhat more favourable framework for young researchers' socialization compared to international experiences, practical everyday functioning often makes research and especially disciplinary socialization impossible, and contradiction between formal framework and practical functioning of scientific novice program that exists on all levels of young researchers professional socialization is described. In conclusion, research findings on obstacles of young researcher socialization are commented within the context of recent science policy changes that are further deepening precarity of labour of young researchers, and, on the other hand, are not solving issues described in this study and related to the process of professional socialization, but are making them potentially even more profound.

How the Croatian daily press presents science news

Research into media representations of science is widespread and well-established in scientifically and technologically highly developed countries. However, very little is known about the characteristics of media reporting of science in transition countries, which are only just beginning to recognize the importance of research into the relationship between science, the media and the public. In this study, using content analysis of the daily newspapers with the largest circulations in Croatia (Jutarnji list and Večernji list) we researched the quantity and quality of media reporting of science. We link them to the characteristics of the Croatian media (tabloidization, the erosion of professional criteria) and the wider social context from which they stem. Our findings have shown poor representation of science news in the daily press as well as a low level of trustworthiness, especially in reporting biomedical news

Biti medijski pismen u Hrvatskoj: karakteristike i odabrane dimenzije medijske pismenosti kao društvene prakse

This paper combines social practice theory, new literacy studies, and critical media literacy. Media literacy allows citizens to participate in society through traditional and digital media. Using existing survey instruments such as the News Literacy Scale and the Internet Skills Survey with originally developed items, we observe media literacy as a social practice encompassing the dimensions of critical thinking, content production, and technical skills. The three dimensions were further operationalised into additive scales of the Critical perception of traditional news media (CPTNMS), Critical perception of digital tools (CPODTS), Media and social justice issues (MSJIS), Content production (CPSS), and Internet information search skills (IISSS). The results from a stratified survey conducted on a sample of adult Croatian citizens (n=1033), representative of gender, age, region, and education, show that age is the main predictor for all scales. The relation between scales shows a positive correlation between CPTNMS, CPODTS, and MSJIS. At the same time, CPTNMS, CPODTS, and MSJIS correlate negatively with the IISS. Those less skilled in internet search are less critical of traditional media and digital tools and are less convinced that media should cover social justice issues. Additionally, being more skilled in content production does not imply any other attitudinal relationship except for a negative association with the lack of IISSS. This paper contributes to the operationalisation of media literacy for sociological research and a better understanding of media literacy in the general population of Croatia.U ovom se radu koriste teorije društvene prakse, nove studije pismenosti i kritike medijske pismenosti. Medijska pismenost omogućuje građanima sudjelovanje u društvu putem tradicionalnih i digitalnih medija. Primjenom odabranih dimenzija postojećih instrumenata kao što su News media literacy scale i Internet skills survey te originalno razvijenih čestica, medijsku pismenost promatramo kao društvenu praksu kritičkog mišljenja, proizvodnje sadržaja i dimenzije tehničkih vještina. Tri su dimenzije dalje operacionalizirane u aditivne ljestvice kritičke percepcije tradicionalnih medija (KPTM), kritičke percepcije digitalnih alata (KPDA), društvene uključivosti u medijima (DUM), proizvodnje sadržaja (PS) i vještina pretraživanja internetskih informacija (PII). Rezultati istraživanja provedenog na uzorku odraslih hrvatskih građana (n=1033) reprezentativnih za spol, dob, regiju i obrazovanje pokazuju da je dob glavni prediktor za sve ljestvice. Odnos između ljestvica pokazuje pozitivnu korelaciju između KPTM-a, KPDA-a i DUM-a. U isto vrijeme, KPTM, KPDA i DUM u negativnoj su korelaciji s PII-jem. Oni manje vješti u internetskom pretraživanju manje su kritični prema tradicionalnim medijima i digitalnim alatima i manje su uvjereni da mediji trebaju pokrivati pitanja društvene uključivosti. Također, biti vještiji u proizvodnji sadržaja ne podrazumijeva nikakav drugi odnos, samo onaj koji se odnosi na negativnu povezanost s nedostatkom PII-ja. Ovaj rad pridonosi operacionalizaciji medijske pismenosti za sociološka istraživanja i boljem razumijevanju medijske pismenosti u općoj populaciji u Hrvatskoj

Biti medijski pismen u Hrvatskoj: karakteristike i odabrane dimenzije medijske pismenosti kao društvene prakse

This paper combines social practice theory, new literacy studies, and critical media literacy. Media literacy allows citizens to participate in society through traditional and digital media. Using existing survey instruments such as the News Literacy Scale and the Internet Skills Survey with originally developed items, we observe media literacy as a social practice encompassing the dimensions of critical thinking, content production, and technical skills. The three dimensions were further operationalised into additive scales of the Critical perception of traditional news media (CPTNMS), Critical perception of digital tools (CPODTS), Media and social justice issues (MSJIS), Content production (CPSS), and Internet information search skills (IISSS). The results from a stratified survey conducted on a sample of adult Croatian citizens (n=1033), representative of gender, age, region, and education, show that age is the main predictor for all scales. The relation between scales shows a positive correlation between CPTNMS, CPODTS, and MSJIS. At the same time, CPTNMS, CPODTS, and MSJIS correlate negatively with the IISS. Those less skilled in internet search are less critical of traditional media and digital tools and are less convinced that media should cover social justice issues. Additionally, being more skilled in content production does not imply any other attitudinal relationship except for a negative association with the lack of IISSS. This paper contributes to the operationalisation of media literacy for sociological research and a better understanding of media literacy in the general population of Croatia.U ovom se radu koriste teorije društvene prakse, nove studije pismenosti i kritike medijske pismenosti. Medijska pismenost omogućuje građanima sudjelovanje u društvu putem tradicionalnih i digitalnih medija. Primjenom odabranih dimenzija postojećih instrumenata kao što su News media literacy scale i Internet skills survey te originalno razvijenih čestica, medijsku pismenost promatramo kao društvenu praksu kritičkog mišljenja, proizvodnje sadržaja i dimenzije tehničkih vještina. Tri su dimenzije dalje operacionalizirane u aditivne ljestvice kritičke percepcije tradicionalnih medija (KPTM), kritičke percepcije digitalnih alata (KPDA), društvene uključivosti u medijima (DUM), proizvodnje sadržaja (PS) i vještina pretraživanja internetskih informacija (PII). Rezultati istraživanja provedenog na uzorku odraslih hrvatskih građana (n=1033) reprezentativnih za spol, dob, regiju i obrazovanje pokazuju da je dob glavni prediktor za sve ljestvice. Odnos između ljestvica pokazuje pozitivnu korelaciju između KPTM-a, KPDA-a i DUM-a. U isto vrijeme, KPTM, KPDA i DUM u negativnoj su korelaciji s PII-jem. Oni manje vješti u internetskom pretraživanju manje su kritični prema tradicionalnim medijima i digitalnim alatima i manje su uvjereni da mediji trebaju pokrivati pitanja društvene uključivosti. Također, biti vještiji u proizvodnji sadržaja ne podrazumijeva nikakav drugi odnos, samo onaj koji se odnosi na negativnu povezanost s nedostatkom PII-ja. Ovaj rad pridonosi operacionalizaciji medijske pismenosti za sociološka istraživanja i boljem razumijevanju medijske pismenosti u općoj populaciji u Hrvatskoj

Equal Opportunities for Achieving Everyday Quality of Life of Deaf-Blind Persons

Ovaj rad bavi se narativnim biografskim istraživanjem kvalitete života i jednakosti šansi gluhoslijepih osoba s područja grada Zagreba. Nalazi su utemeljeni na narativnoj analizi provedenih polu-strukturiranih dubinskih intervjua s 12 gluhoslijepih osoba koje imaju teškoće različitog stupnja težine. Labovljevom analizom te kasnijim grupiranjem preko narativa, osobne priče i iskustva grupirani su u pet tipova prema iskustvima tijekom školovanja, društvenosti, zaposlenju i kasnijoj kvaliteti života. Nalazi istraživanja upućuju na velike poteškoće koje osobe s dvostrukim invaliditetom tijekom života onemogućuju u kvalitetnom njima prilagođenom obrazovanju, a onda i razvoju normalne društvenosti, odnosno omogućavanju izostanka izoliranosti i depresije.This paper deals with a narrative biographical research of the quality of life and equal opportunities for deaf-blind persons from the area of the city of Zagreb. Findings are based on a narrative analysis of semi-structured in-depth interviews conducted with 12 deaf-blind persons who have difficulties with varying degrees of severity. By Labov\u27s analysis and later grouping through narratives, personal stories and experiences, they have been grouped into five types according to their experiences during education, sociability, employment and later quality of life. The findings indicate severe difficulties that prevent persons with a double disability from quality education adapted to them, and then in the development of normal sociability, i.e. which enable a lack of isolation and depression

Podrška: trajni učinak ili poticajni trenutak?: društveni i gospodarski učinci podrški Nacionalne zaklade za razvoj civilnoga društva: znanstvena studija u povodu desetogodišnjice osnutka Nacionalne zaklade

Tri su temeljne dimenzije studije: pregled razvijenosti organizacija civilnog društva, procjena razvoja društvenog kapitala u području demokratizacije i razvijenosti civilnog društva, te analiza šireg društvenog učinka podrški programima demokratizacije i razvoja civilnog društva

Self-reported research productivity: patterns and factors

In terms of self-reported productivity, it has been empirically proven that the natural and social sciences have developed different publication patterns. The social area is characterised by twice the number of professional publications and by the preponderance of mono-authored publications among scientific works, whereas natural scientists produce twice as many papers indexed in WoS databases, and predominantly co-authored papers. A significant differentiation of research productivity is noticed in both areas because individual sciences show recognisable patterns of career and five-year productivity. The disciplinary specificities of research production patterns can be ascribed to differences in the intellectual and social organisation, mode of knowledge production and cognitive styles of scientific areas and fields. The composition of significant predictors and their contribution to explaining the analysed types of research productivity also differ. The best predictors of production in the natural sciences are the researcher’ s international cooperation and networking, whereas the social sciences show the greater impact of the scientist’ s national or local orientation, i.e. focus on the local scientific community. However, a predictor that at the same time accounts for a significant portion of publication productivity in both areas and indicates the scientist’ s social capital has been identified. It is the variable of invited stays abroad that would be impossible without the scientist’ s international collegial networking. Longitudinal data from Croatian and foreign studies (Kyvik, 1988, 2003) identify deep structural changes in the main forms of research productivity in both areas, especially in the social sciences, and chiefly in the number of authors and international availability of scientific results. Our findings, however, lead to the tentative conclusion that the levelling out or reduction of differences between the social and natural sciences takes place in productivity patterns, but to all appearances also in productivity predictors