Ultrastructure of Spermatozoa from Infertility Patients

Standard examination of human semen currently remains a main test for examination of male fertility disorders. Although parameters of sperm quality in fertile men are generally higher than in sterile ones, there is a substantial overlap between the two populations, indicating that other important factors affect fertility, but are not assessed in conventional assay. Currently, tests determining the functional properties of sperm have been intensively developed. This review considers an electron microscopic examination of sperm, which assesses the structure and function of the sperm nuclear, penetration and motor apparatus. The detection of sperm chromatin structure can help to understand the causes of early embryonic malformation. Genetically caused and functional disorders of the structure and function of spermatozoa are discussed. Indications for electron microscopic examination of spermatozoa in fertility disorders are given

STYLISTIC FEATURES OF EDUCATION AND PARENTAL RELATION OF MOTHERS OF HYPERACTIVE CHILDREN

Психолого-педагогическое сопровождение семьи гиперактивного ребенка, направленное на оптимизацию внутрисемейных отношений, должно опираться на понимание особенностей отношения к ребенку его матери и стиля его воспитания в семье.Цель: исследование стилевых особенностей воспитания у матерей гиперактивных детей младшего школьного возраста и их связи с характеристиками материнского отношения к ребенку.Метод или методология проведения работы. В статье рассматриваются воспитательные установки матерей гиперактивных детей, полученные с помощью методики «Анализ семейных взаимоотношений» (Э.Г. Эйдемиллера, В.В. Юстицкиса), и особенности материнского отношения ребенку, выявленные в ходе опроса по методике «ОРО» (А.Я. Варга, В.В. Столина), в сопоставлении с аналогичными параметрами у матерей детей с нормативным поведением.Результаты. Исследование показало, что в группе матерей гиперактивных детей представлены преимущественно доминирующая гиперпротекция и эмоциональное отвержение ребенка, однако выявлен и случай сочетания гипопротекции с минимальными санкциями и наказаниями. Установлены достоверные различия по параметрам авторитарного контроля и отношения к неудачам ребенка в исследуемых группах матерей. Зафиксирована значимая связь показателей контроля и чрезмерности требований-запретов. Таким образом, матери детей с признаками гиперактивности по сравнению с матерями детей с нормативным поведением ведут себя по отношению к ребенку авторитарно, предъявляют к нему завышенные требования, используют чрезмерные запреты и санкции.Область применения результатов. Результаты исследования могут быть применены в психолого-педагогическом сопровождении семей гиперактивных детей.Psychological and pedagogical support of a hyperactive child’s family aimed at optimizing of intra-family relations should be based on understanding of the mother-to-child attitude and the style of family education.Purpose: to study the style features of education of mothers of hyperactive children of primary school age and their relationship with the characteristics of the mother’s attitude to the child.Methodology. The article discusses the hyperactive children’s mothers’ educational attitudes obtained by the test “Analysis of family relationships” (E.G. Eidemiller, V.V. Justickis), and the characteristics of their maternal attitude to the child identified by the survey methodology “ORO” (A.Y. Varga, V.V. Stolin) in comparison with similar parameters in mothers of children with normative behavior.Results. The article deals with the educational attitudes of mothers of hyperactive children and peculiarities of their mother’s attitude to the child in comparison with similar parameters of mothers of children with normative behavior. It is shown that dominant hyperprotection and emotional rejection prevailed in the group of mothers of hyperactive children, however, the case with a combination of hypoprotection with minimal sanctions and penalties was also identified. Significant differences between the studied groups of mothers on the parameters of authoritarian control and the attitude to failures of the child were established. A significant relationship between control indicators and excessive requirements and prohibitions was marked. Thus, mothers of children with signs of hyperactivity, compared with mothers of children with normative behavior, behave authoritatively towards the child, impose excessive demands on him, use excessive prohibitions and sanctions.Practical implications. The results of the study can be used in psychological and pedagogical support of families with hyperactive children

Development and Study of {99m}Tc-1-Thio-D-glucose for Visualization of Malignant Tumors

The preclinical studies of {99m}Tc-1-Thio-D-glucose, a new tumor-seeking agent based on technetium-99mlabeled glucose derivative, were conducted, and the feasibility of using this radiopharmaceutical for tumor visualization was studied. The preclinical studies were carried out strictly in accordance with the local legislation and were regulated by the generally accepted research standards. {99m}Tc-1-Thio-D-glucose was found to have optimal pharmacokinetic and physico-chemical properties for diagnostic imaging and was proved to belong to the low-toxic substances. The potential utility of {99m}Tc-1-thio-D-glucose for tumor imaging was studied in vitro and in vivo models. The present study demonstrated that {99m}Tc-1-Thio-D-glucose is a prospective radiopharmaceutical for cancer visualization

Development and Study of {99m}Tc-1-Thio-D-glucose for Visualization of Malignant Tumors

The preclinical studies of {99m}Tc-1-Thio-D-glucose, a new tumor-seeking agent based on technetium-99mlabeled glucose derivative, were conducted, and the feasibility of using this radiopharmaceutical for tumor visualization was studied. The preclinical studies were carried out strictly in accordance with the local legislation and were regulated by the generally accepted research standards. {99m}Tc-1-Thio-D-glucose was found to have optimal pharmacokinetic and physico-chemical properties for diagnostic imaging and was proved to belong to the low-toxic substances. The potential utility of {99m}Tc-1-thio-D-glucose for tumor imaging was studied in vitro and in vivo models. The present study demonstrated that {99m}Tc-1-Thio-D-glucose is a prospective radiopharmaceutical for cancer visualization

ПАТРИОТИЗМ В СИСТЕМЕ ИНТЕРЕСОВ СОВРЕМЕННОГО ЧЕЛОВЕКА

The social and economic role of patriotismin the socio-economic progress of Russiais considered in the article. The comparative analysis of technologies of formation ofpatriotism in the United States, Israel andFrance is provided. The role of the general and vocational education system in this process is defined. The system of measures to mainstream the patriotism of the populationof Russia is proposed.Рассмотрена социальная и экономическая роль патриотизма в социальноэкономическом прогрессе России. Дан сравнительный анализ технологий формированияпатриотизмавСША, Израиле, Франции. Обозначена роль системы общегоипрофессиональногообразованияв этомпроцессе. Предложенасистемамер по актуализации патриотизма населения Росси

The Foundations of the Development of Technologies of the Synthesis of Radiopharmaceuticals

The selection of precursors (for example chelating agents) and development of a technique of chemical modification of the target molecules retaining its ability to bind to specific receptors are very important in the synthesis of radiopharmaceuticals. As some important precursors for target radiopharmaceuticals omega-iodo-aliphatic carboxylic acids and their esters can be used. We have developed an environmentally safe process for producing omega-iodoaliphatic carboxylic acids and their esters of the available, inexpensive and low toxic aliphatic cyclic ketones. We proposed a new method for the synthesis of the chelating agents omega-thia- or (bis(2-hydroxyethyl)amino)- aliphatic carboxylic acids (chelate 1 and chelate 2), which was caused by the existing disadvantages in the existing methods. Thus, based on our method the precursors (chelates) with yield of over 70-90% on the final stage were synthesized, and then the high effectiveness in producing target radiopharmaceuticals using different biomolecules was showed. 99mTc-chelates complexes were prepared with radiochemical purity >91% and found to be stable at room temperature for six hours

Search for New Candidate Genes Involved in the Comorbidity of Asthma and Hypertension Based on Automatic Analysis of Scientific Literature

Saik, Olga V, Demenkov PS, Ivanisenko, Timofey V, et al. Search for New Candidate Genes Involved in the Comorbidity of Asthma and Hypertension Based on Automatic Analysis of Scientific Literature. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE BIOINFORMATICS. 2018;15(4): 20180054.Comorbid states of diseases significantly complicate diagnosis and treatment. Molecular mechanisms of comorbid states of asthma and hypertension are still poorly understood. Prioritization is a way for identifying genes involved in complex phenotypic traits. Existing methods of prioritization consider genetic, expression and evolutionary data, molecular-genetic networks and other. In the case of molecular-genetic networks, as a rule, protein-protein interactions and KEGG networks are used. ANDSystem allows reconstructing associative gene networks, which include more than 20 types of interactions, including protein-protein interactions, expression regulation, transport, catalysis, etc. In this work, a set of genes has been prioritized to find genes potentially involved in asthma and hypertension comorbidity. The prioritization was carried out using well-known methods (ToppGene and Endeavor) and a cross-talk centrality criterion, calculated by analysis of associative gene networks from ANDSystem. The identified genes, including ILIA, CD40LG, STAT3, IL15, FAS, APP, TLR2, C3, IL13 and CXCL10, may be involved in the molecular mechanisms of comorbid asthma/hypertension. An analysis of the dynamics of the frequency of mentioning the most priority genes in scientific publications revealed that the top 100 priority genes are significantly enriched with genes with increased positive dynamics, which may be a positive sign for further studies of these genes

Experimental study of radiopharmaceuticals based on technetium-99m labeled derivative of glucose for tumor diagnosis

Purpose: to study the potential utility of 1-thio-D-glucose labeled with 99mTc for cancer imaging in laboratory animals. Materials and method: the study was carried out in cell cultures of normal CHO (Chinese hamster ovary cells CHO) and malignant tissues MCF-7 (human breast adenocarcinoma MCF-7). To evaluate the uptake of 99mTc-1-thio-D-glucose in normal and tumor tissue cells, 25 MBq of 1-thio-D-glucose labeled with 99mTc was added to the vials with 3 million cells and incubated for 30 minutes at room temperature. After centrifugation of the vials with cells, the supernatant was removed. Radioactivity in vials with normal and tumor cells was then measured. In addition, the study included 40 mice of C57B 1/6j lines with tumor lesion of the right femur. For neoplastic lesions, Lewis lung carcinoma model was used. Following anesthesia, mice were injected intravenously with 25MBq of 99mTc-1-thio-D-glucose. Planar scintigraphy was performed 15 minutes later in a matrix of 512x512 pixels for 5 minutes. Results: when measuring the radioactivity of normal and malignant cells after incubation with 99mTc-1-thio-D- glucose, it was found that the radioactivity of malignant cells was higher than that of normal cells. The mean values of radioactivity levels in normal and malignant cells were 0.3±0.15MBq and 1.07±0.6MBq, respectively. All examined animals had increased accumulation of 99mTc-1-thio- D-glucose at the tumor site. The accumulation of 99mTc-1-thio-D-glucose in the tumor was on average twice as high as compared to the symmetric region. Conclusion: The present study demonstrated that 99mTc-1-thio-D-glucose is a prospective radiopharmaceutical for cancer visualization. In addition, high accumulation of 99mTc-1-thio-D-glucose in the culture of cancer cells and in tumor tissue of animals demonstrates tumor tropism of the radiopharmaceutical

In Vitro Evaluation of a Specific Radiochemical Compound Based on 99mTc-labeled DARPinG3 for Radionuclide Imaging of Tumors Overexpressing Her-2/neu

It is still necessary to search for new informative diagnostic methods to detect malignant tumors with overexpression of Her-2/neu, which are characterized by the aggressive course of the disease, rapid rate of tumor growth and low rates of relapse-free and overall survival. In recent years, the radioisotope techniques for detection of specific tumor targets have been developing actively. Purpose: to develop a chemically stable radiochemical compound for the targeted imaging of cells overexpressing Her-2/neu. Material and methods: The study was performed using 2 cell lines .The human breast adenocarcinoma HER2-overexpressing cell line BT-474 was chosen to detect specific binding. As a control, HER2-negative human breast adenocarcinoma MCF-7 was used. The human breast adenocarcinoma BT-474 and MCF-7 cell lines were seeded in chamber-slides at the density of 35,000 cells/ml in trypsin-EDTA (PanEco) medium and grown overnight at 37°C. After that both cell lines were washed with Phosphate buffered saline (PBS) and distributed into test tubes to 1 ml (5 millions cells in each). After adding 100 [mu]l (70 MBq) studied complex of 99mTc-DPAH-DARPinG3 was incubated for 40 min at +4°C. Washing was performed three times with buffer PBS and 5% Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA). The characteristics of the binding specificity of the test set with the HER-2/neu receptor were determined by direct radiometric and planar scintigraphy. Nonparametric Mann-Whitney test was used to assess the differences in the quantitative characteristics between groups. Results: The output of the labeled complex was more than 91%, with a radiochemical purity of more than 94%. When carrying out a visual scintigraphic assessment much greater intensity accumulation of radiotracer was observed in the studied cell culture surface receptor overexpressing Her-2/neu. The results of direct radiometric also showed higher accumulation of the radiopharmaceutical in the adenocarcinoma cell line BT-474 human breast cancer overexpressing Her-2/neu compared to the control group. Conclusion: The preclinical studies demonstrated a high in vitro stability of the study compound, as well as its accumulation in the cell group overexpressing Her-2/neu

Comorbidity of asthma and hypertension may be mediated by shared genetic dysregulation and drug side effects

Zolotareva O, Saik OV, Königs C, et al. Comorbidity of asthma and hypertension may be mediated by shared genetic dysregulation and drug side effects. Scientific Reports. 2019;9(1): 16302.Asthma and hypertension are complex diseases coinciding more frequently than expected by chance. Unraveling the mechanisms of comorbidity of asthma and hypertension is necessary for choosing the most appropriate treatment plan for patients with this comorbidity. Since both diseases have a strong genetic component in this article we aimed to find and study genes simultaneously associated with asthma and hypertension. We identified 330 shared genes and found that they form six modules on the interaction network. A strong overlap between genes associated with asthma and hypertension was found on the level of eQTL regulated genes and between targets of drugs relevant for asthma and hypertension. This suggests that the phenomenon of comorbidity of asthma and hypertension may be explained by altered genetic regulation or result from drug side effects. In this work we also demonstrate that not only drug indications but also contraindications provide an important source of molecular evidence helpful to uncover disease mechanisms. These findings give a clue to the possible mechanisms of comorbidity and highlight the direction for future research