76 research outputs found
Neutralization titer biomarker for antibody-mediated prevention of HIV-1 acquisition
The Antibody Mediated Prevention trials showed that the broadly neutralizing antibody (bnAb) VRC01 prevented acquisition of human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) sensitive to VRC01. Using AMP trial data, here we show that the predicted serum neutralization 80% inhibitory dilution titer (PT80) biomarker—which quantifies the neutralization potency of antibodies in an individual’s serum against an HIV-1 isolate—can be used to predict HIV-1 prevention efficacy. Similar to the results of nonhuman primate studies, an average PT80 of 200 (meaning a bnAb concentration 200-fold higher than that required to reduce infection by 80% in vitro) against a population of probable exposing viruses was estimated to be required for 90% prevention efficacy against acquisition of these viruses. Based on this result, we suggest that the goal of sustained PT80 <200 against 90% of circulating viruses can be achieved by promising bnAb regimens engineered for long half-lives. We propose the PT80 biomarker as a surrogate endpoint for evaluatinon of bnAb regimens, and as a tool for benchmarking candidate bnAb-inducing vaccines
Behavior of Aflatoxin during the Manufacture, Ripening and Storage of Manchego-type Cheese
Changes in appearance and natural microflora on iceberg lettuce treated in warm, chlorinated water and then stored at refrigeration temperature
COMPARISON OF ANOLYTE AND CHLORINATED WATER AS A DISINFECTING DIPPING TREATMENT FOR STORED CARROTS
The effect of temperature on microbial growth in apple cubes packed in film and preserved by use of orange juice
A technique for the direct identification of haemolytic-pathogenic listeria on selective plating media
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