20 research outputs found
Scalable Inkjet-Based Structural Color Printing by Molding Transparent Gratings on Multilayer Nanostructured Surfaces
To
enable customized manufacturing of structural colors for commercial
applications, up-scalable, low-cost, rapid, and versatile printing
techniques are highly demanded. In this paper, we introduce a viable
strategy for scaling up production of custom-input images by patterning
individual structural colors on separate layers, which are then vertically
stacked and recombined into full-color images. By applying this strategy
on molded-ink-on-nanostructured-surface printing, we present an industry-applicable
inkjet structural color printing technique termed multilayer molded-ink-on-nanostructured-surface
(M-MIONS) printing, in which structural color pixels are molded on
multiple layers of nanostructured surfaces. Transparent colorless
titanium dioxide nanoparticles were inkjet-printed onto three separate
transparent polymer substrates, and each substrate surface has one
specific subwavelength grating pattern for molding the deposited nanoparticles
into structural color pixels of red, green, or blue primary color.
After index-matching lamination, the three layers were vertically
stacked and bonded to display a color image. Each primary color can
be printed into a range of different shades controlled through a half-tone
process, and full colors were achieved by mixing primary colors from
three layers. In our experiments, an image size as big as 10 cm by
10 cm was effortlessly achieved, and even larger images can potentially be printed on recombined
grating surfaces. In one application example, the M-MIONS technique
was used for printing customizable transparent color optical variable
devices for protecting personalized security documents. In another
example, a transparent diffractive color image printed with the M-MIONS
technique was pasted onto a transparent panel for overlaying colorful
information onto one’s view of reality
Scalable Inkjet-Based Structural Color Printing by Molding Transparent Gratings on Multilayer Nanostructured Surfaces
To
enable customized manufacturing of structural colors for commercial
applications, up-scalable, low-cost, rapid, and versatile printing
techniques are highly demanded. In this paper, we introduce a viable
strategy for scaling up production of custom-input images by patterning
individual structural colors on separate layers, which are then vertically
stacked and recombined into full-color images. By applying this strategy
on molded-ink-on-nanostructured-surface printing, we present an industry-applicable
inkjet structural color printing technique termed multilayer molded-ink-on-nanostructured-surface
(M-MIONS) printing, in which structural color pixels are molded on
multiple layers of nanostructured surfaces. Transparent colorless
titanium dioxide nanoparticles were inkjet-printed onto three separate
transparent polymer substrates, and each substrate surface has one
specific subwavelength grating pattern for molding the deposited nanoparticles
into structural color pixels of red, green, or blue primary color.
After index-matching lamination, the three layers were vertically
stacked and bonded to display a color image. Each primary color can
be printed into a range of different shades controlled through a half-tone
process, and full colors were achieved by mixing primary colors from
three layers. In our experiments, an image size as big as 10 cm by
10 cm was effortlessly achieved, and even larger images can potentially be printed on recombined
grating surfaces. In one application example, the M-MIONS technique
was used for printing customizable transparent color optical variable
devices for protecting personalized security documents. In another
example, a transparent diffractive color image printed with the M-MIONS
technique was pasted onto a transparent panel for overlaying colorful
information onto one’s view of reality
Identification of Pathway Deregulation – Gene Expression Based Analysis of Consistent Signal Transduction
<div><p>Signaling pathways belong to a complex system of communication that governs cellular processes. They represent signal transduction from an extracellular stimulus via a receptor to intracellular mediators, as well as intracellular interactions. Perturbations in signaling cascade often lead to detrimental changes in cell function and cause many diseases, including cancer. Identification of deregulated pathways may advance the understanding of complex diseases and lead to improvement of therapeutic strategies. We propose Analysis of Consistent Signal Transduction (ACST), a novel method for analysis of signaling pathways. Our method incorporates information regarding pathway topology, as well as data on the position of every gene in each pathway. To preserve gene-gene interactions we use a subject-sampling permutation model to assess the significance of pathway perturbations. We applied our approach to nine independent datasets of global gene expression profiling. The results of ACST, as well as three other methods used to analyze signaling pathways, are presented in the context of biological significance and repeatability among similar, yet independent, datasets. We demonstrate the usefulness of using information of pathway structure as well as genes’ functions in the analysis of signaling pathways. We also show that ACST leads to biologically meaningful results and high repeatability.</p></div
The plot presents all consistent relations and stand for any sign statistics which reflect the direction of expression changes between the analyzed conditions of genes and expresses the type of interaction.
<p>The plot presents all consistent relations and stand for any sign statistics which reflect the direction of expression changes between the analyzed conditions of genes and expresses the type of interaction.</p
ACST results on four colorectal cancer datasets.
<p>ACST results on four colorectal cancer datasets.</p
The plot presents scores of positions of found consistent subgraphs.
<p>Both figures present the same artificial graph but with marked different expression changes. The expression changes were marked with colors. The red color marks overexpression in the tested group (with regard to control), while the blue color represents underexpression. The nodes are marked with their distance (see the definitions and notations subsection) to leaves of the graph. The green arrows represent consistent relations.</p
Molding Inkjetted Silver on Nanostructured Surfaces for High-Throughput Structural Color Printing
Inkjet
printing of silver ink has been widely used to print conductive
patterns in flexible electronic devices, and the printed patterns
are commonly known to be colorless. We demonstrate that by printing
a single type of ordinary silver nanoparticle ink on top of a substrate
patterned with polymer nanostructures, the printed silver is molded
by the nanostructures and gains robust structural colors. The colors
are tunable by varying the geometries of nanostructures, and a broad
range of visual colors can be achieved by mixing the red, green, and
blue colors displayed from silver dots printed on different nanostructures.
Such mechanism can enable full-color, scalable, high-throughput, versatile,
and cost-effective printing of structural color images for regular
publishing and displaying purposes. In experiments, we implemented
a transparent polymer substrate patterned with diffractive nanostructure
arrays to print full-color images. The printed images display color-shifting
optically variable effects useful for security and authentication
applications that demand customizable anticounterfeiting features