Data acquisition, parameter extraction and characterization of active components using integrated instrumentation system

A data acquisition, parameter extraction and characterization system for electronic active components is presented in this paper. High sensitivity measuring equipments were used for data acquisition and effective extraction models based on optimization techniques developed to obtain the parameters of p-n junction diodes, Schottky diodes, field effect transistors and bipolar junction transistors. The performance of the developed extraction techniques are apparent via comparing experimental data with Spice simulated data using the model parameter that is graphically extracted and also those extracted using optimization techniques. The performance of the developed extraction techniques has been demonstrated by comparing the experimental characteristics with Spice simulated curves using default parameters and model parameters extracted using graphical and optimization techniques. The relative excursions of the simulated I-V characteristics of most investigated devices were less than 2.5 % with respect to the experimental curves, which shows the accuracy and effectiveness of the developed system. A number of software routines have also been implemented under Matlab environment to extract the Spice model parameters for different electronic devices

Analytical Modelling and Simulation of Photovoltaic Panels and Arrays

In this paper, an analytical model for PV panels and arrays based on extracted physical parameters of solar cells is developed. The proposed model has the advantage of simplifying mathematical modelling for different configurations of cells and panels without losing efficiency of PV system operation. The effects of external parameters, mainly temperature and solar irradiance have been considered in the modelling. Due to their critical effects on the operation of the panel, effects of series and shunt resistances were also studied. The developed analytical model has been easily implemented, simulated and validated using both Spice and Matlab packages for different series and parallel configurations of cells and panels. The results obtained with these two programs are in total agreement, which make the proposed model very useful for researchers and designers for quick and accurate sizing of PV panels and arrays

Analysis of finline structures with consideration of metallization thickness and substrate mounting grooves

In this paper, mathematical analysis and numerical calculations of main parameters of finline structures with finite metallization thickness and substrate mounting grooves are developed based on the Method of Lines (MoL). The results obtained provide confirmation of the validity of the technique used and prove its simplicity and adequacy for treating different types of planar structures mainly finline based structures. Unilateral and bilateral finlines including practical parameters, such as metallization thickness and grooves ' depths, have been investigated. The effect of these two parameters have been discussed based on realistic configurations and the results show that, at higher frequencies, the grooves supporting the substrate cannot be neglected and, in addition, their influence is more significant than the effect of finite thickness metallic strips. The isolated finline with more complex configuration with a particular interest in applications involving active components was also analyzed. The obtained results confirm the previous published predictions for these types of structure

Data acquisition, parameter extraction and characterization of active components using integrated instrumentation system

A data acquisition, parameter extraction and characterization system for electronic active components is presented in this paper. High sensitivity measuring equipments were used for data acquisition and effective extraction models based on optimization techniques developed to obtain the parameters of p-n junction diodes, Schottky diodes, field effect transistors and bipolar junction transistors. The performance of the developed extraction techniques are apparent via comparing experimental data with Spice simulated data using the model parameter that is graphically extracted and also those extracted using optimization techniques. The performance of the developed extraction techniques has been demonstrated by comparing the experimental characteristics with Spice simulated curves using default parameters and model parameters extracted using graphical and optimization techniques. The relative excursions of the simulated I-V characteristics of most investigated devices were less than 2.5 % with respect to the experimental curves, which shows the accuracy and effectiveness of the developed system. A number of software routines have also been implemented under Matlab environment to extract the Spice model parameters for different electronic devices

Efficient Desalination of Brackish Ground Water via a Novel Capacitive Deionization Cell Using Nanoporous Activated Carbon Cloth Electrodes

Sea water intrusion in ground water sources has made brackish water desalination a necessity in Oman. The application of capacitive deionization (CDI) for the deionization of ground water samples from wells in Al-Musanaah Wilayat is proposed and demonstrated. A CDI cell is fabricated using nanoporous activated carbon cloth (ACC) as the electrodes and is shown to be power efficient for desalting ground water samples with total dissolved solids (TDS) of up to 4,000 mg/l. The CDI cell was able to remove up to 73% of the ionic scaling and fouling contaminants from brackish water samples. The power consumption for deionization of brackish water was estimated to be 1 kWh/m3 of desalinated water, which is much lower than the power required to process water with equivalent TDS by the reverse osmosis processes. The CDI process is elaborated, and observations and analysis of the ion adsorption characteristics and electrical properties of the capacitive cell are elucidated