Postal manuscrita de Bourdanne Kadebe a Cristina Vicente

Felicita el Nadal i dona les gràcies per les separates rebudes i li'n demana més

Postal manuscrita de Bourdanne Kadebe a Cristina Vicente

Demana la reimpressió d'un article esmentat

Prevalence and incidence of bovine trypanosomosis on the Adamaoua plateau in Cameroon 10 years after the tsetse eradication campaign

Between March 2004 and February 2005, the monthly incidence of trypanosome infections was measured in cattle from nine sentinel herds in the Adamaoua province of Cameroon. Three herds of 20 cattle each were kept on the plateau which has been cleared from tsetse flies about 10 years ago, three other herds were grazing in the tsetse infested valley whereas the last three were herded in the buffer zone. The cross-sectional study showed that the initial trypanosomosis prevalence was 1.8, 5.2 and 2.0% on the plateau, in the buffer zone and the valley, respectively. During the longitudinal study, the trypanosomosis incidence was high in the valley (3.7-20%) and the buffer zone (1.8-13.4%), whereas it was significantly lower (0-2.1%) on the plateau. Tsetse flies, mainly Glossina morsitans submorsitans and a few G. tachinoides, were caught in the valley and the buffer zone, but none on the plateau. The data indicate a low trypanosomosis risk on the plateau. Further entomological studies, however, are required to clarify the origin of the trypanosome infections on the plateau

Evaluation sur le terrain et sur souris de la résistance des trypanosomes des bovins du plateau de l'Adamaoua au Cameroun à l'acéturate de diminazène et au chlorure d'isométamidium

Based on a survey in a few villages of the department of Faro et Deo, the village of Kontcha, where the highest trypanosomosis prevalence (32.5%) was observed, was selected to evaluate the resistance of trypanosomes to diminazene and isometamidium. Two groups of 40 head of cattle each were treated on day 0 either with diminazene or with isometamidium. The animals were monitored every other week for a period of two months using the buffy coat technique to assess the level of parasitemia. The percentages of trypanosome infected animals in the groups treated with diminazene and isometamidium were 32.5 and 27.5%, respectively. The survival analysis and mean hazard ratio (1.38) suggested resistance to isometamidium and a reduced protective activity of this drug. Several animals treated with diminazene at 7 mg/kg tested positive two weeks after treatment, indicating a strong suspicion of resistance to this trypanocidal compound. These field results were corroborated by the standard mouse test using six Trypanosoma congolense isolates. Sensitivity tests using 1 mg/kg isometamidium chloride and 20 mg/kg diminazene aceturate showed that all isolates were resistant at least to one of the drugs, whereas four isolates were resistant to both drugs. This study shows for the first time the presence in Cameroon of drug-resistant trypanosome strains

Seasonal distribution and abundance of tsetse flies Glossina spp. in the Faro and Deo division of the Adamaoua plateau in Cameroon

Ten years after the large-scale tsetse control campaigns in the important cattle rearing areas of the Faro and Deo Division of the Adamaoua Plateau in Cameroon, the seasonal distribution and abundance of tsetse flies (Glossina spp.) were determined. During a period of 12 consecutive months (January-December 2005), the tsetse population was monitored along four trap transects consisting of a total of 32 traps and two flyround transects traversing the study area, which comprised the tsetse-infested valley, a buffer zone and the supposedly tsetse-free plateau. Throughout the study period, a total of 2195 Glossina morsitans submorsitans and 23 Glossina tachinoides were captured in the traps and 1007 G. m. submorsitans (78.8% male flies) were captured along the flyround transects. All G. tachinoides and almost all G. m. submorsitans were captured in the valley. Five G. m. submorsitans were captured in traps located in the buffer zone, whereas no flies were captured in traps located on the plateau. The index of apparent abundance (IAA) of G. m. submorsitans was substantially higher in the areas close to game reserves. In the remaining part of the valley, where wildlife is scarce and cattle are present during transhumance (dry season), the IAA of tsetse was substantially lower. In this part of the valley, the abundance of tsetse seemed to be associated with the presence of cattle, with the highest IAA during transhumance when cattle are present and the lowest apparent abundance during the rainy season when cattle have moved to the plateau. It is concluded that the distribution of tsetse in a large part of the valley undergoes substantial seasonal changes depending on the presence or absence of cattle. The repercussions of those findings for the control of tsetse in the valley and the probability of reinvasion of the plateau are discussed