30 research outputs found

    Small Dense LDL Level and LDL/HDL Distribution in Acute Coronary Syndrome Patients

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    This study aimed to determine the size and distribution of LDL and HDL particles in North African acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients and to compare the level of small dense LDL (sdLDL) to other markers used in cardiovascular risk prediction. Methods: A total of 205 ACS patients and 100 healthy control subjects were enrolled. LDL particle size and LDL and HDL subclass distributions were measured using Quantimetric Lipoprint® linear polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Lipid ratios (total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, non-HDL cholesterol, and HDL cholesterol) were determined to calculate the atherogenic index of plasma (AIP), the atherogenic coefficient (AC), Castelli’s Risk-I (CR-I), and Castelli’s Risk-II (CR-II). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses and area under the curve (AUC) were used to assess the predictive value of sdLDL as a marker for cardiovascular disease. Results: The ACS patients, compared to the healthy control subjects, displayed an alteration of LDL particle distribution, with a significant increase in sdLDL serum concentrations (0.303 ± 0.478 mmol/L vs. 0.0225 ± 0.043 mmol/L, respectively, p p p p p < 0.008), respectively. The subclass distribution of HDL particles from ACS patients was also altered, with a decrease in large HDL particles and an increase in small HDL particles compared to HDL from healthy control subjects. Conclusion: Due to their high atherogenicity, sdLDL levels could be used as a valuable marker for the prediction cardiovascular events

    Association between Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) Polymorphisms and the Risk of Acute Coronary Syndrome in a North African Population

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    <div><p>The purpose of the present study was to investigate the distribution of PON1 Q192R and L55M polymorphisms and activities in a North African population and to determine their association with cardiovascular complications. The prevalence of the QQ, QR, RR, LL, LM, and MM genotypes in the study population was 55.4%, 34.09%, 9.83%, 41.97%, 48.20%, and 9.83% respectively. The Q, R, L, and M alleles had a gene frequency of 0.755, 0.245, 0.67, and 0.33, respectively. The PON1 192 RR genotype was significantly more prevalent among ACS patients than among healthy subjects. There was a 4.33-fold increase in the risk of ACS in subjects presenting the PON1 192 RR genotype compared to those with the QQ genotype (OR=4.33; 95% CI=1.27–17.7). There was a significantly different distribution of PON1 L55M in the ACS patient groups (UA, STEMI, NSTEMI). Moreover, individuals presenting the PON1 55MM genotype present a higher risk for ACS than those with LL genotype (OR=3.69; 95% CI=1.61–11.80). Paraoxonase activities were significantly lower in coronary patients than in healthy subjects. The decrease in PON1 activity was inversely correlated with the number of concomitant risk factors for CVD (r=0.57, p<0.0001). The results of the present study suggested that the PON1 R and M alleles may play a role in the pathogenesis of cardiac ischemia in our North African population and that a decrease in PON1 activity may be a valuable marker for monitoring the development of the atherosclerosis process and the associated cardiovascular complications.</p></div

    Genotype and allele frequencies of the L55M polymorphism.

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    <p>Contribution of the PON1 L192M polymorphism to ACS was estimated by logistic regression for unmatched data to obtain odds ratios for the PON1 L192M polymorphisms. <b><i>Italics bold indicate the odds ratios adjusted for age</i>, <i>sex</i>, <i>BMI and HDL cholesterol</i>.</b></p><p>*(%) of the entire population (healthy subjects and ACS patients)</p><p>Genotype and allele frequencies of the L55M polymorphism.</p

    Correlation between PON1 paraoxonase activity and the number of concomitant risk factors for CVD.

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    <p>CVD risk factors: diabetes, obesity, high arterial blood pressure, alcohol, smoking, and family history. A Pearson correlation analysis was performed to assess the association between CVD risk factors and PON1 paraoxonase activity. H: Healthy, ACS: Acute Coronary Syndrome.</p

    HANDBOOK OF RESEARCH METHODS IN CLINICAL-PSYCHOLOGY - KENDALL,PC, BUTCHER,JN

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    <p>The PON1 L55M genotype was determined by RT-PCR. PON1 paraoxonase activity was determined by measuring paraoxon absorbance at 412 nm. Results are expressed as means ± SEM. ****p<0.0001 for comparison between ACS patients and healthy subjects with the same PON1 L55M polymorphism.</p

    PON1 arylesterase activity in the healthy subjects and the ACS patients and based on their PON1 55 genotype.

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    <p>The PON1 L55M genotype was determined by RT-PCR. PON1 arylesterase activity was measured by the increase in absorbance at 270 using phenylacetate as a substrate. Results are expressed as means ± SEM. *p<0.03, ** p<0.001 and ****p<0.0001 for the ACS patients compared to the healthy subjects with the same PON1 L55M polymorphism.</p

    PON1 genotypic distribution and odds ratios of the genotype and alleles of the Q192R polymorphism in the healthy subjects and the ACS patients.

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    <p>*n.s., not significant</p><p>Contribution of the PON1 Q192R polymorphism to ACS was estimated by logistic regression for unmatched data to obtain odds ratios for the PON1 Q192R polymorphisms. <b><i>Italics bold indicate the odds ratios adjusted for age</i>, <i>sex</i>, <i>BMI and HDL cholesterol</i>.</b></p><p>PON1 genotypic distribution and odds ratios of the genotype and alleles of the Q192R polymorphism in the healthy subjects and the ACS patients.</p
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