Esculturas de Soares dos Reis: análise de características metálicas e corrosão para a preservação artística em ligas de cobre

As esculturas de António Soares dos Reis (1847-1889) representam um acervo inestimável no contexto do património escultórico português do século XIX. No entanto, as suas obras em metal nunca tinham sido estudadas desde o ponto de vista analítico. A degradação de obras esculturais metálicas, causada por fatores intrínsecos e ambientais (impulsionados pelas alterações climáticas), torna necessário o estudo do metal utilizado nas esculturas, bem como as pátinas artificiais e naturais que surgem na superfície. Um estudo analítico de treze esculturas de Soares dos Reis, executado pelo Laboratório HERCULES, permitiu determinar a composição do metal e a tecnologia e práticas de fundição portuguesa, assim como o tipo de corrosão que sofrem estas obras. Os resultados possibilitam estabelecer estratégias de conservação e salvaguarda para melhor proteger este importante patrimônio, não apenas nas obras de Soares do Reis, mas para a escultura em metal em geral.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Final Bronze Age Hoards in Solveira (Montalegre, North of Portugal). A multidisciplinary approach

Studio della metallurgia portoghese nel bronzo final

Roman coins at the edge of the Negev: characterisation of copper alloy artefacts and soil from Rakafot 54 (Beer Sheva, Israel)

The research presented in this paper focused on the preliminary non- and semi-destructive analysis of copper alloys, corrosion, and soil components from a Roman archaeological site in Israel. Investigations using portable X-ray fluorescence, X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive spectroscopy as well as micromorphological analyses were carried out to gain a better understanding of the corrosion processes affecting the copper alloy artefacts, by characterising the alloy composition, soil environments, and corrosion products. Preliminary results indicate that the artefacts consist of copper-lead-tin alloys, covered by copper hydroxy-chlorides and lead sulphate phases with slight variations in their crystallisation. The multi-analytical approach revealed the presence of quartz, calcite, gypsum and feldspars in the sediments, while thin sections more specifically indicate loess soils with local micro-environment

Analytical characterization of copper-based metal sculptures in Portugal in 1880-1990: the artwork of Soares dos Reis

António Soares dos Reis (1847-1889) is considered one of the most important Portuguese sculptors of the 19th century. His work marked the end of Portuguese Romanticism and the beginning of Naturalism. Due to his premature death, his artistic production can be considered modest but of the highest technical quality. Since the sculptor did not leave documents that can help to the understanding of his artistic creative process the main sources are the artworks. Although it is currently possible to find a significant amount of his artwork in bronze, the number of metal casts made during the artist's life is very limited. Accordingly, there are only a few sculptures in bronze made during his lifetime. Instead most of his bronze sculptures, the major part displayed both in museums and outdoors, dates from the 20th century, spanning from the first decades to the 1990s. The study, supported by the Portuguese ERIHS.PT platform, focused on six sculptures using an integrated multi-analytical approach combining by Energy Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence analysis (EDXRF), Scanning Electron Microscopy with Energy Dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), Raman and FTIR spectroscopy to characterize the sculptures with the aim to determine their elemental composition and technological features. Also, a Monte-Carlo approach was used to further a non-destructive study of the metal layers. The main results of this study allowed to obtain the characterization of the bulk metal and its patina and to distinguish the corrosion patterns from internal and external environments. This study will also enable to get a deeper knowledge on evolution of the Portuguese art foundry industry, namely materials, and technical changes between the late 19th century and the 20thcentury.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio