Spectrum is periodic for n-Intervals

In this paper we study spectral sets which are unions of finitely many intervals in R. We show that any spectrum associated with such a spectral set is periodic, with the period an integral multiple of the measure of the set. As a consequence we get a structure theorem for such spectral sets and observe that the generic case is that of the equal interval case.Comment: 19 page

On Fuglede's conjecture for three intervals

In this paper we prove the "Tiling implies Spectral" part of Fuglede's paper for the case of three intervals. Then we prove the "Spectral implies Tiling" part of the conjecture for the case of three equal intervals as also when the intervals have lengths 1/2, 1/4, 1/4. For the general case we change our approach to get information on the structure of the spectrum for the n-interval case. Finally, we use symbolic computations on Mathematica, and prove this part of the conjecture with an additional assumption on the spectrum.Comment: 21 page

Intracellular Internalization and Signaling Pathways Triggered by the Large Subunit of HSV-2 Ribonucleotide Reductase (ICP10)

AbstractThe large subunit of the HSV-2 ribonucleotide reductase (RR) (ICP10) is a chimera consisting of a serine threonine (Ser/Thr) protein kinase domain at the amino terminus and the RR domain at the carboxy terminus. Transformed human cells that constitutively express ICP10 (JHLa1) were stained with anti-LA-1 antibody (recognizes ICP10 amino acids 13-26) and immunogold-conjugated goat anti-rabbit IgG and were examined by electron microscopy. ICP10-associated gold particles were observed on the cell surface and in structures with ultrastructural characteristics of endocytic vesicles, multivesicular bodies, and lysosomes, consistent with endocytic internalization. ICP10 was also associated with the cytoskeleton fraction of JHLa1 cells and, at least in part, it colocalized with actin filaments. This was evidenced by immunoprecipitation of [35S]methionine-labeled cell fractions and immunofluorescent staining of Triton-treated cells with anti-LA-1 antibody and phalloidin. Endocytic localization of gold particles was not seen in cells that constitutively express the ICP10 transmembrane (TM)-deleted mutant p139TM (JHL15). p139TM did not associate with the cytoskeleton and was almost entirely localized within the cytoplasm, raf and Erk evidenced decreased mobility consistent with an activated state in JHLa1, but not JHL15, cells, and chloramphenicol acetyl transferase (CAT) expression from a c-fos/cat hybrid construct was significantly increased in JHLa1 but not JHL15 cells. The data indicate that effector molecules downstream of ras are activated in JHLa1 cells and the ICP10 TM segment plays a critical role in ICP10 intracellular localization and its ability to activate signaling pathways. This behavior is analogous to that of an activated growth factor receptor kinase

Bhageerath: an energy based web enabled computer software suite for limiting the search space of tertiary structures of small globular proteins

We describe here an energy based computer software suite for narrowing down the search space of tertiary structures of small globular proteins. The protocol comprises eight different computational modules that form an automated pipeline. It combines physics based potentials with biophysical filters to arrive at 10 plausible candidate structures starting from sequence and secondary structure information. The methodology has been validated here on 50 small globular proteins consisting of 2–3 helices and strands with known tertiary structures. For each of these proteins, a structure within 3–6 Å RMSD (root mean square deviation) of the native has been obtained in the 10 lowest energy structures. The protocol has been web enabled and is accessible at

Neuropilin-2 Mediated β-Catenin Signaling and Survival in Human Gastro-Intestinal Cancer Cell Lines

NRP-2 is a high-affinity kinase-deficient receptor for ligands belonging to the class 3 semaphorin and vascular endothelial growth factor families. NRP-2 has been detected on the surface of several types of human cancer cells, but its expression and function in gastrointestinal (GI) cancer cells remains to be determined. We sought to determine the function of NRP-2 in mediating downstream signals regulating the growth and survival of human gastrointestinal cancer cells. In human gastric cancer specimens, NRP-2 expression was detected in tumor tissues but not in adjacent normal mucosa. In CNDT 2.5 cells, shRNA mediated knockdown NRP-2 expression led to decreased migration and invasion in vitro (p<0.01). Focused gene-array analysis demonstrated that loss of NRP-2 reduced the expression of a critical metastasis mediator gene, S100A4. Steady-state levels and function of β-catenin, a known regulator of S100A4, were also decreased in the shNRP-2 clones. Furthermore, knockdown of NRP-2 sensitized CNDT 2.5 cells in vitro to 5FU toxicity. This effect was associated with activation of caspases 3 and 7, cleavage of PARP, and downregulation of Bcl-2. In vivo growth of CNDT 2.5 cells in the livers of nude mice was significantly decreased in the shNRP-2 group (p<0.05). Intraperitoneal administration of NRP-2 siRNA-DOPC decreased the tumor burden in mice (p = 0.01). Collectively, our results demonstrate that tumor cell–derived NRP-2 mediates critical survival signaling in gastrointestinal cancer cells

Preface

© 2011 - 2016 Translational Cancer Research. All rights reserved. The United States National Cancer Institute Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) Program estimates that there will be 48,960 new cases of pancreatic cancer with 40,560 deaths in 2015. The current issue of Translational Cancer Research presents a number of papers which, while recognizing the poor prognosis associated with this malignancy, identify a number of improvements in the diagnosis and therapy which should, in time, improve patient outcomes