An extrahepatic receptor-associated protein-sensitive mechanism is involved in the metabolism of triglyceride-rich lipoprotein.

Vasculaire biologie en interventi

Allergic sensitization enhances the contribution of Rho-kinase to airway smooth muscle contraction

1 Repeated allergen challenge has been shown to increase the role of Rho-kinase in airway smooth muscle (ASM) contraction. We considered the possibility that active allergic sensitization by itself, that is, without subsequent allergen exposure, could be sufficient to enhance Rho-kinase-mediated ASM contraction.2 Guinea pigs were actively IgE-sensitized to ovalbumin (OA), using Al(OH)(3) as adjuvant. Contractile responsiveness to G(q)-coupled receptor agonists ( methacholine, histamine or PGF(2alpha)) was investigated in tracheal rings. No effect of sensitization was observed on basal- and methacholine-induced myogenic tone. In contrast, potency of histamine and PGF(2alpha) increased, that is, EC50 decreased, after OA-sensitization by 2.6- and 4.7-fold, respectively, without effect on maximal contraction (E-max).3 Basal tone in preparations from both control and OA-sensitized animals was strongly decreased in the presence of the Rho-kinase inhibitor (+)-(R)-trans-4-(1-aminoethyl)-N-(4-pyridyl) cyclohexane carboxamide (Y-27632) (1 muM). In control preparations, the E-max and potency of histamine were unaffected by Y-27632, but were decreased for PGF(2alpha) (by 38.2% and 2.0-fold, respectively). However, in preparations from OA-sensitized animals, Y-27632 induced a significant reduction in E-max (33.5%) and potency (2.3-fold) of histamine and of PGF(2alpha) (48.3% and 6.6-fold, respectively), normalizing the OA-sensitization-induced increase in sensitivity toward these agonists.4 We also investigated the contribution of Rho-kinase in vivo by measuring airway responsiveness toward inhaled histamine in permanently instrumented, unanaesthetized control and OA-sensitized guinea pigs. Treatment with Y-27632 by inhalation (5 mM, nebulizer concentration) decreased airway responsiveness toward histamine both in control and OA-sensitized animals. However, the histamine PC100 ratio pre/post Y-27632 inhalation was significantly smaller in OA-sensitized animals as compared to control animals, indicating an enhanced contribution of Rho-kinase.5 Expression of RhoA, an upstream activator of Rho-kinase, was significantly increased ( 2.6- fold) in lung homogenates of OA-sensitized guinea pigs compared to control animals, as determined by Western analysis.6 In conclusion, the results show a receptor-dependent role of Rho-kinase in agonist-induced ASM contraction. The contribution of Rho-kinase to contractile airway responsiveness, both in vivo and ex vivo, is augmented after active allergic sensitization, as a consequence of increased expression of RhoA presumably. Inhibition of the RhoA/Rho-kinase pathway may be considered a useful pharmacotherapeutical target in allergy and asthma.</p