Basisinformatie over de Borkumer Stenen, Bruine Bank en Gasfonteinen, potentieel te beschermen gebieden op het NCP

In dit rapport worden drie gebieden in de Noordzee nader beschouwd: de Borkumer Stenen, Gasfonteinen en de Bruine Bank, zoals aangekondigd in het in 2005 verschenen rapport ‘Gebieden met bijzondere ecologische waarden op het Nederlands Continentaal Plat’ (Lindeboom et al. 2005). De informatie in dit rapport is bijeen gebracht door middel van literatuuronderzoek en een korte veldstudie. De studie is uitgevoerd om te beoordelen of de Borkumer Stenen, Gasfonteinen en de Bruine Bank ook als Natura 2000 gebieden zouden kunnen worden aangemerkt

Instandhoudingsdoelen Natura 2000 - gebieden Noordzee

Dit rapport geeft de wetenschappelijke onderbouwing bij en een aanzet tot de formulering van instandhoudingsdoelen voor de Natura 2000-gebieden op de Noordzee. Het betreft de gebieden Doggersbank, Klaverbank, Noordzeekustzone en Vlakte van de Raan die in het kader van de Habitatrichtlijn zullen worden aangewezen en het Friese Front en de Noordzeekustzone 2 die in het kader van de Vogelrichtlijn zullen worden aangewezen

Out Of Control: Overcoming Control-Flow Integrity

As existing defenses like ASLR, DEP, and stack cookies are not sufficient to stop determined attackers from exploiting our software, interest in Control Flow Integrity (CFI) is growing. In its ideal form, CFI prevents flows of control that were not intended by the original program, effectively putting a stop to exploitation based on return oriented programming (and many other attacks besides). Two main problems have prevented CFI from being deployed in practice. First, many CFI implementations require source code or debug information that is typically not available for commercial software. Second, in its ideal form, the technique is very expensive. It is for this reason that current research efforts focus on making CFI fast and practical. Specifically, much of the work on practical CFI is applicable to binaries, and improves performance by enforcing a looser notion of control flow integrity. In this paper, we examine the security implications of such looser notions of CFI: are they still able to prevent code reuse attacks, and if not, how hard is it to bypass its protection? Specifically, we show that with two new types of gadgets, return oriented programming is still possible. We assess the availability of our gadget sets, and demonstrate the practicality of these results with a practical exploit against Internet Explorer that bypasses modern CFI implementations

Plant morphology, environment, and leaf area growth in wheat and maize

Leaf area expansion of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and maize (Zea mays L.) plants, as contrasting representatives of the Gramineae family, was analysed. Seven variables were identified that together completely determine leaf area expansion of the plant: leaf appearance rate per tiller, specific site usage (fraction of buds that ultimately develop into a visible tiller at a specific site), Haun Stagedelay (indicating the timing of tiller appearance relative to the parent tiller), leaf elongation rate, leaf elongation duration, maximum leaf width and a leaf shape variable.Experiments with spaced plants in growth chambers yielded equations in which the effects of leaf and tiller position, temperature and photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) were quantified for each leaf area variable. In non-tillering species maize, leaf appearance rate and leaf elongation rate were higher, and leaf elongation duration was shorter at higher temperatures. At higher PPFD values, leaf appearance rate and maximum leaf width were higher and leaf elongation rate was lower. In wheat, the effects of temperature and PPFD were qualitatively equal to those in maize, except that there was no effect of PPFD on maximum leaf width. In the tillering species wheat, specific site usage was higher at lower temperatures and higher PPI'D values. Equations were developed for the effects of leaf position on leaf elongation rate and maximum leaf width.This knowledge was used in the analysis of effects of plant density in growth chamber and field experiments. Plant density mainly affected leaf appearance rate in maize and specific site usage in wheat. For both species, the effects of plant density on these variables seemed well related to local assimilate availability.Based upon the morphological framework presented, a simulation model was developed for wheat using the principles of object orientation. Plant related processes were strictly simulated at organ level. The simulation results showed clear differences in leaf area expansion for leaves at different positions in the plant.The morphological framework can be used for experimental analysis of leaf area growth, revealing mechanisms regulating leaf area growth of plants. The simulation model is flexible and can be easily extended for different environmental conditions and plant species