Transcriptase–Light: A Polymorphic Virus Construction Kit

Many websites use JavaScript to display dynamic and interactive content. Hence, attackers are developing JavaScript–based malware. In this paper, we focus on Transcriptase JavaScript malware. The high–level and dynamic nature of the JavaScript language helps malware writers to create polymorphic and metamorphic malware using obfuscation techniques. These types of malware change their internal structure on each infection, making them difficult to detect with traditional methods. These types of malware can be detected using machine learning methods. This project creates Transcriptase–Light, a new polymorphic construction kit. We perform an experiment with the Transcriptase–Light against a hidden Markov model. Our experiment shows that the HMM based detector failed in detecting Transcriptase–Light. After observing the results, we try to detect malware using the decryption part of Transcriptase–Light. To avoid detection, we generate the polymorphic version of the decryption part

AUTOMATIC VEHICLE STABILIZATION SYSTEM

The document gives information on controlling the load of heavy duty vehicles while taking turn in order to avoid tumbling of vehicle due to inertia. Also this system is to control the speed of vehicle during turn as excess speed during sharp turn can also result in rollover of vehicle, i.e. vehicle flips around its rolling axis. The system consists of the closed loop control mechanism, in which the on board computer works as an error detector, which detects any deviation of certain parameters responsible for stability of the vehicle. Then the necessary control action is performed by the actuators to compensate the deviation in those parameters

SWITCHES ON FINGERTIPS

The document gives information on controlling all electrical devices viz. Tube lights, airconditioners, computers, fans of every floor of the building from a single computer. To perform this task the main functional components are micro-controller and RS-485.This application can be accessed by the users anywhere anytime and from any device like desktop or laptop. This project is aimed at consumption of electricity by switching off the appliances. It is the future of corporate world due its various applications

Design and Performance of a VOC Abatement System Using a Solid Oxide Fuel Cell

There has always been a desire to develop industrial processes that minimize the resources they use, and the wastes they generate. The problem is when new guidelines are forced upon long established processes, such as solvent based coating operations. This means instead of integrating an emission reduction technology into the original design of the process, it is added on after the fact. This significantly increases the costs associated with treating emissions. In this work the ultimate goal is the design of an “add-on” abatement system to treat emissions from solvent based coating processes with high destruction efficiency, and lower costs than systems in current use. Since emissions from processes that utilize solvent based coatings are primarily comprised of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), the treatment of these compounds will be the focus. VOCs themselves contain a significant amount of energy. If these compounds could be destroyed by simultaneously extracting the energy they release, operational costs could be substantially reduced. This thesis examines the use of model-based design to develop and optimize a VOC abatement technology that uses a Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC) for energy recovery. The model was built using existing HYSYS unit operation models, and was able to provide a detailed thermodynamic and parametric analysis of this technology. The model was validated by comparison to published literature results and through the use of several Design of Experiment factorial analyses. The model itself illustrated that this type of system could achieve 95% destruction efficiency with performance that was superior to that of Thermal Oxidation, Biological Oxidation, or Adsorption VOC abatement technologies. This was based upon design criteria that included ten year lifecycle costs and operational flexibility, as well as the constraint of meeting (or exceeding) current regulatory thresholds

Formation of nanostructures and weakening of interactions between proteins to design low viscosity dispersions at high concentrations

Monoclonal antibodies and other protein therapeutics are rapidly gaining popularity as a favored class of drugs for treatment of various types of diseases and disorders including rheumatoid arthritis, Crohn’s disease, asthma, macular degeneration, different types of cancer. There great lot of interest in development of subcutaneous self-injection methods for administering these therapeutics to enable patient convenience which requires high concentration formulations to deliver the required dosage in the limited volume. At high concentrations, proteins have a propensity to be insoluble, aggregate, unfold, gel or denature due to strong short ranged protein-protein interactions, resulting in highly viscous solutions. Therefore, it is challenging to form highly concentrated, stable protein formulations with low viscosities. Addition of interacting co-solutes like arginine to protein formulations weakens protein-protein interactions through protein charge modification and hydrophilization of hydrophobic surface patches through binding on proteins. Weakened interactions lower the viscosity of protein formulations with 250 mg/ml protein by 5-6 times compared to conventional protein solutions in buffer not containing any co-solutes. Addition of co-solutes can also give rise to depletion attraction between proteins which can assemble them into amorphous nanostructured domains with lowered diffusion coefficients as determined by dynamic light scattering (DLS). A free energy model was developed to explain the formation of nanostructures due to short-ranged depletion attraction and long-ranged electrostatic repulsion, whereby sizes were predicted to range from 30 to 100 nm as a function of co-solute and protein concentrations. The nanostructured domains dissociated to monomeric, active and stable protein upon dilution to about 1 mg/ml. Supplemental sizing techniques, namely, cryogenic scanning electron microscopy (cryo-SEM) and small angle x-ray scattering (SAXS) show evidence of nanostructures larger than the monomer although determining the ratio of the amount of protein in monomeric state to that in the nanostructure state is still a challenge. In order to further understand cluster formation in a simpler system, gold nanoclusters were synthesized via assembly of primary particles by reaction. The morphology of these gold nanoclusters was also controlled by favoring kinetic over thermodynamic control of growth for generating asymmetrical structures thus allowing higher extinction in the near infrared region enabling biomedical imaging.Chemical Engineerin