Dantų implantacijos navigacijos metodų tikslumas ir neatidėliotiniems protezams naudojamų medžiagų biologinis suderinamumas

Advancements in technology are reshaping the landscape of dentistry and medicine, with the rapid integration of cutting-edge innovations into clinical practice. The synergy of surgical and prosthetic phases in dental implantation is explored in this study, with a focus on the latest technologies and materials. Precise 3D positioning of dental implants and the selection of appropriate prosthetic materials are identified as pivotal elements in ensuring patient safety and achieving optimal functional and aesthetic outcomes. In the first part of this research, the accuracy of digitally planned dental implantation was assessed using intraoral scanning method, measuring the insertion point (3D), actual and absolute depth, horizontal and angular errors. Static and dynamic navigation methods were explored, along with the influence of edentulous defect configuration (Kennedy class), implant design, position, and the reference objects for dynamic navigation. In the second part, materials used in immediate dental implant prosthetics and their biocompatibility were investigated. Surface roughness, hydrophilicity (water contact angle), and the response of human gingival cells were assessed. Evaluation encompassed five polymeric materials, including innovative options such as polyetherketoneketone (PEKK) and 3D-printed polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA), while also exploring the effects of surface cleaning. Furthermore, five ceramic materials were compared, and the influence of UV radiation activation on zirconium oxide ceramics was investigated. This study significantly contributes to the understanding of the accuracy of dental implantation navigation methods and the biocompatibility of immediate prosthetic materials, further advancing the fields of implant dentistry and prosthodontics

The effect of different cleaning protocols of polymer-based prosthetic materials on the behavior of human gingival fibroblasts

Dental implant abutment and prosthetic materials, their surface treatment, and cleaning modalities are important factors for the formation of a peri-implant soft tissue seal and long-term stability of bone around the implant. This study aimed to investigate the influence of a polymeric material surface cleaning method on the surface roughness, water contact angle, and human gingival fibroblasts (HGF) proliferation. Polymeric materials tested: two types of milled polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA-Ker and PMMA-Bre), three-dimensionally (3D) printed polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA-3D), polyetheretherketone (PEEK), and polyetherketoneketone (PEKK). Titanium (Ti) and zirconia oxide ceramics (ZrO-HT) were used as positive controls. A conventional surface cleaning protocol (CCP) was compared to a multi-step research cleaning method (RCP). Application of the RCP method allowed to reduce Sa values in all groups from 0.14–0.28 µm to 0.08–0.17 µm (p < 0.05 in PMMA-Ker and PEEK groups). Moreover, the water contact angle increased in all groups from 74–91° to 83–101° (p < 0.05 in the PEKK group), except ZrO-HT—it was reduced from 98.7 ± 4.5° to 69.9 ± 6.4° (p < 0.05). CCP resulted in higher variability of HGF viability after 48 and 72 h. RCP application led to higher HGF viability in PMMA-3D and PEKK groups after 48 h, but lower for the PMMA-Ker group (p < 0.05). After 72 h, no significant differences in HGF viability between both cleaning methods were observed. It can be concluded that the cleaning method of the polymeric materials affected surface roughness, contact angle, and HGF viability at 48

The effect of UV treatment on surface contact angle, fibroblast cytotoxicity, and proliferation with two types of zirconia-based ceramics

UV photofunctionalization of Zirconia-based materials for abutment fabrication is a promising approach that might influence the formation of a sound peri-implant seal, thus promoting long-term soft and hard tissue implant integration. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of UV treatment of test specimens made by two different ZnO2-based ceramic materials on the hydrophilicity, cell cytotoxicity, and proliferation of human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs). Two Zirconia-based materials, high-translucent and ultra-translucent multi-layered Zirconia (Katana, Kuraray Noritake, Japan), were used to prepare a total of 40 specimens distributed in two equally sized groups based on the material (n = 20). The same surface finishing protocol was applied for all specimens, as suggested by the manufacturer. Half the specimens from each group were treated with UV-C light for 48 h. Water contact angle (WCA), fibroblast cytotoxicity, and proliferation were investigated. The WCA values for the high-translucent Zirconia ranged from 69.9° ± 6.4° to 73.7° ± 13.9° for the treated/non-treated specimens and from 79.5° ± 12.8° to 83.4° ± 11.4° for the ultra-translucent multi-layered Zirconia, respectively. However, the difference was insignificant (F(16) = 3.50, p = 0.292). No significant difference was observed for the fibroblast cytotoxicity test. The results for proliferation revealed a significant difference, which was material-dependent (F(8) = 9.58, p = 0.005). We found that UV surface photofunctionalization of ZrO2-based materials alters the human gingival fibroblast cell viability, which might produce favourable results for cell proliferation