85 research outputs found
X-ray tracing using Geant4
We describe an extension to the Geant4 software package that allows it to be
used as a general purpose X-ray tracing package. We demonstrate its use by
building a model of the X-ray optics of the XMM-Newton, calculating its
effective area, and comparing the results with the published calibration
curves.Comment: 9 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication by NIMA, DOI know
A new structure model for the packaging signal in the genome of group IIa Coronaviruses
Biophysical Structural ChemistrySupramolecular & Biomaterials Chemistr
Propagation of short lightpulses in microring resonators: ballistic transport versus interference in the frequency domain
The propagation of short lightpulses in waveguiding structures with optical
feedback, in our case optical microresonators, has been studied theoretically
and experimentally. It appears that, dependent on the measurement set-up,
ballistic transport or interference in the time domain of fs and ps laser
pulses can be observed. The experiments are analyzed in terms of characteristic
time scales of the source, the waveguide device and the detector arrangement
and are related to Heisenberg's uncertainty principle. Based on this analysis a
criterion is given for the upper bitrate for error free data transmission
through optical microresonators
Generalized Global Defect Solutions
We investigate the presence of defect structures in generalized models
described by real scalar field in space-time dimensions. We work with
two distinct generalizations, one in the form of a product of functions of the
field and its derivative, and the other as a sum. We search for static
solutions and study the corresponding linear stability on general grounds. We
illustrate the results with several examples, where we find stable defect
structures of modified profile. In particular, we show how the new defect
solutions may give rise to evolutions not present in the standard scenario in
higher spatial dimensions.Comment: RevTex, 10 pages, 2 figures; version to appear in EPJ
The -essence scalar field in the context of Supernova Ia Observations
A -essence scalar field model having (non canonical) Lagrangian of the
form where
with constant is shown to be consistent with luminosity
distance-redshift data observed for type Ia Supernova. For constant ,
satisfies a scaling relation which is used to set up a differential
equation involving the Hubble parameter , the scale factor and the
-essence field . and are extracted from SNe Ia data and using
the differential equation the time dependence of the field is found to
be: . The constants
have been determined. The time dependence is similar to that of the
quintessence scalar field (having canonical kinetic energy) responsible for
homogeneous inflation. Furthermore, the scaling relation and the obtained time
dependence of the field is used to determine the -dependence of the
function .Comment: 8 pages, 5 figures, Late
Born-Infeld Type Phantom Model in the Plane
In this paper, we investigate the dynamics of Born-Infeld(B-I) phantom model
in the plane, which is defined by the equation of state
parameter for the dark energy and its derivative with respect to (the
logarithm of the scale factor ). We find the scalar field equation of motion
in plane, and show mathematically the property of attractor
solutions which correspond to , , which avoid
the "Big rip" problem and meets the current observations well.Comment: 6 pages, 3 figures, some references adde
Gene Transfer with AAV9-PHP.B Rescues Hearing in a Mouse Model of Usher Syndrome 3A and Transduces Hair Cells in a Non-human Primate.
Hereditary hearing loss often results from mutation of genes expressed by cochlear hair cells. Gene addition using AAV vectors has shown some efficacy in mouse models, but clinical application requires two additional advances. First, new AAV capsids must mediate efficient transgene expression in both inner and outer hair cells of the cochlea. Second, to have the best chance of clinical translation, these new vectors must also transduce hair cells in non-human primates. Here, we show that an AAV9 capsid variant, PHP.B, produces efficient transgene expression of a GFP reporter in both inner and outer hair cells of neonatal mice. We show also that AAV9-PHP.B mediates almost complete transduction of inner and outer HCs in a non-human primate. In a mouse model of Usher syndrome type 3A deafness (gene CLRN1), we use AAV9-PHP.B encoding Clrn1 to partially rescue hearing. Thus, we have identified a vector with promise for clinical treatment of hereditary hearing disorders, and we demonstrate, for the first time, viral transduction of the inner ear of a primate with an AAV vector
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