Artificial intelligence and real-world data for drug and food safety - A regulatory science perspective

In 2013, the Global Coalition for Regulatory Science Research (GCRSR) was established with members from over ten countries (www.gcrsr.net). One of the main objectives of GCRSR is to facilitate communication among global regulators on the rise of new technologies with regulatory applications through the annual conference Global Summit on Regulatory Science (GSRS). The 11th annual GSRS conference (GSRS21) focused on "Regulatory Sciences for Food/Drug Safety with Real-World Data (RWD) and Artificial Intelligence (AI)." The conference discussed current advancements in both AI and RWD approaches with a specific emphasis on how they impact regulatory sciences and how regulatory agencies across the globe are pursuing the adaptation and oversight of these technologies. There were presentations from Brazil, Canada, India, Italy, Japan, Germany, Switzerland, Singapore, the United Kingdom, and the United States. These presentations highlighted how various agencies are moving forward with these technologies by either improving the agencies' operation and/or preparing regulatory mechanisms to approve the products containing these innovations. To increase the content and discussion, the GSRS21 hosted two debate sessions on the question of "Is Regulatory Science Ready for AI?" and a workshop to showcase the analytical data tools that global regulatory agencies have been using and/or plan to apply to regulatory science. Several key topics were highlighted and discussed during the conference, such as the capabilities of AI and RWD to assist regulatory science policies for drug and food safety, the readiness of AI and data science to provide solutions for regulatory science. Discussions highlighted the need for a constant effort to evaluate emerging technologies for fit-for-purpose regulatory applications. The annual GSRS conferences offer a unique platform to facilitate discussion and collaboration across regulatory agencies, modernizing regulatory approaches, and harmonizing efforts

Derivati 1,3,4-tiadiazolici, metodi di preparazione e uso di essi

6Application number: IT2007RM00222 20070419 Priority number(s): IT2007RM00222 20070419nonenoneM. BOTTA; MARCO RADI; FABRIZIO MANETTI; GIORGIA BOTTA; GIOVANNI MAGA; JURGEN BORLAKBotta, Maurizio; Marco, Radi; Manetti, Fabrizio; Giorgia, Botta; Giovanni, Maga; Jurgen, Borla

Synthesis and biological evaluation of epothilone A dimeric compounds

The preparation and biological evaluation of a novel series of dimeric epothilone A derivatives (1-6) are described. Two types of diacyl spacers were introduced to establish the various dimeric epothilone A constructs. The effect of these compounds on tubulin polymerization and their cytotoxicity against four different cancer cell lines are reported. Several of the newly synthesized compounds inhibit endothelial cell differentiation and endothelial cell migration that are key steps of the angiogenic process

Phenotyping of N-acetyltransferase type 2 by caffeine from uncontrolled dietary exposure

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: The standard approach for phenotyping of the human arylamine N-acetyltransferase 2 (NAT2) uses urinary caffeine metabolite ratios after a caffeine test dose taken in after methylxanthine abstinence. We tested whether these standardization measures were still needed when a more sensitive quantification technique was used. METHODS: A new liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method for the quantification of the caffeine metabolites 5-acetylamino-6-formylamino-3-methyluracil (AFMU), 5-acetylamino-6-amino-3-methyluracil (AAMU), 1-methylxanthine (1X), and 1-methylurate (1U) was developed. Urine samples from 77 healthy volunteers collected before and 5-6 h after oral intake of 150-200 mg caffeine were analyzed. The lower limits of quantification were 0.1 microg/ml for caffeine, 1X, 1U, and AFMU, and 0.2 microg/ml for AAMU. RESULTS: The urinary NAT2 ratios (AFMU+AAMU) / (AFMU+AAMU+1X+1U) before and after caffeine intake correlated well in 65 volunteers (r(2)=0.827; P< 0.0001). In 12 participants (16%), metabolite concentrations in urine before caffeine intake were below the quantification limit. NAT2 genotyping, done in 41 volunteers for four SNPs, corroborated the phenotyping results. CONCLUSION: NAT2 activity can be determined from a spontaneous urine probe in most subjects by quantification of caffeine metabolites arising from non-standardized dietary caffeine exposure using LC-MS/MS. This may facilitate the phenotyping procedure

4-Substituted derivatives of pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine and pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine and uses thereof

The present invention relates to a compound 4-substituted derivative of pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine or of pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine having the formula (I) and uses thereof, in particular for the treatment of bone related diseases and tumors

New 4-substituted derivatives of pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidines and pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidines and uses thereof

The present invention relates to a compound 4-substituted derivative of pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine or of pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine having the formula (I) and uses thereof, in particular for the treatment of bone related diseases and tumours

Preparation of pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidines and pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidines for treatment of bone related diseases and tumors.

Title compds. [I; X = CH, N; R = H, alkylthio, alkylamino, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylthio, cycloalkylamino, alkyl, etc.; R1 = NHR6, N(R6)2; R6 = alkyl, cycloalkyl, pyrrolidinyl, morpholino, hexahydroazepinyl, (substituted) (hetero)aryl(alkyl)], were prepd. Thus, title compd. (II) (multistep prepn. outlined) after 48 h reduced cellular viability of SaOS-2 cells to 15.1% of controls