5 research outputs found

    Accumulation of PAHs in Tundra Plants and Soils under the Influence of Coal Mining

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    <p>Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) concentrations in soils and plants in the Bolshezemelskaya tundra have been investigated at the sites affected by coal mining in comparison with the control ecosystems. Contribution of individual plant species to the total PAH accumulation is based on plant biomass data. In shrub tundra communities, the highest PAH concentrations are found in Pleurozium schreberi moss due to its high biomass and ability for active PAH accumulation. This species can be used for ecological monitoring of PAHs concentrations in the tundra communities. Light PAHs are more abundant in soils, plants of both contaminated and control sites as well as in the coal. But the highest excesses of PAH content in comparison with the control values are found for the high-molecular-weight PAHs due to their minimal concentration at the control site. Research on PAH accumulation in the organs of plants has revealed that polyarenes had fallen on the shrubs surfaces from the atmosphere and get accumulated in the plant superficial tissues without further penetration. Deciduous plant species accumulate more PAHs in leaves than evergreen shrubs do. Plants of herbal life form accumulate PAHs mainly from soil.</p

    Monitoring of aerotechnogenic impact of Syktyvkar timber industry complex

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    ΠΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ исслСдования обусловлСна Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ уровня воздСйствия ΠΊΡ€ΡƒΠΏΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ†Π΅Π»Π»ΡŽΠ»ΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΎ-Π±ΡƒΠΌΠ°ΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ прСдприятия, располоТСнного ΠΊ сСвСру ΠΎΡ‚ Π³. Π‘Ρ‹ΠΊΡ‚Ρ‹Π²ΠΊΠ°Ρ€Π°, Π½Π° основС экохимичСского Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° Π·ΠΈΠΌΠ½ΠΈΡ… атмосфСрных осадков (снСга), ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΡΡ‚Ρ€ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ†Π΅Π»Π΅ΡΠΎΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ примСнСния Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π° Π² экологичСских исслСдованиях. ЦСль: ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡƒ аэротСхногСнной Π½Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠΈ Π½Π° Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡŽ Π²Π±Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈ АО «Монди Π‘Π›ΠŸΠšΒ» ΠΏΠΎ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΎ химичСском составС снСТного ΠΏΠΎΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π° Π·Π° ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΎΠ΄ ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠ½Π³Π°. ΠžΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Ρ‹: ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ†Ρ‹ снСТного ΠΏΠΎΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°, ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π² Π·ΠΎΠ½Π΅ воздСйствия прСдприятия ΠΈ Π½Π° условно Ρ„ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… тСрриториях. ΠœΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹: снСгосъСмка с использованиСм трансСкт Π½Π° постоянных ΠΏΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ‚Π°Ρ… ΠΎΡ‚Π±ΠΎΡ€Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±, ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ аналитичСских ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² согласно руководству ΠΏΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ»ΡŽ загрязнСния атмосфСры (Π Π” 52.04.186-89), картографичСскиС ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹ ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ распространСния загрязнСния Π² снСТном ΠΏΠΎΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅ с использованиСм ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Π° интСрполяции (ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π²Π·Π²Π΅ΡˆΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… расстояний), ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π°Π»Π³Π΅Π±Ρ€Ρ‹ ΠΊΠ°Ρ€Ρ‚ для расчСта ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΡ‰Π°Π΄Π΅ΠΉ Π·ΠΎΠ½ воздСйствия. Π Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹. ΠŸΡ€Π΅Π΄ΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Ρ‹ Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹ экохимичСского ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠ½Π³Π° снСТного ΠΏΠΎΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π° Π² Π·ΠΎΠ½Π΅ воздСйствия выбросов АО «Монди Π‘Π›ΠŸΠšΒ» Π·Π° ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ»Π΅Ρ‚Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΎΠ΄. Π”Π°Π½Π° общая характСристика распрСдСлСния ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² выбросов ΠΎΡ‚Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ источника эмиссии. ΠœΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠ½Π³ снСТного ΠΏΠΎΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π° Π² ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠ°ΠΊΡ‚Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π·ΠΎΠ½Π΅ прСдприятия ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ» провСсти Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΠΊΠΈ аэротСхногСнной Π½Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠΈ. Π Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹ расчСта поступлСния вСщСств Π½Π° Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡŽ прСдприятия Π² 2019 Π³. ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π»ΠΈ Π½Π°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½ΡŒ загрязнСния снСТного ΠΏΠΎΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π° Π·Π° вСсь ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΎΠ΄ наблюдСний, 66 % ΠΎΡ‚Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ объСмов 2002 Π³. ΠžΡ‚ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΎ сниТСниС поступлСния загрязнитСлСй, начиная с 2016 Π³. послС рСконструкции прСдприятия. ΠšΠΎΠ½Ρ†Π΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ примСсСй Π² Ρ‚Π°Π»ΠΎΠΉ Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ Π·Π° ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π°ΠΌΠΈ санитарно-Π·Π°Ρ‰ΠΈΡ‚Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π·ΠΎΠ½Ρ‹ Π½Π΅ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ°Π»ΠΈ санитарно-гигиСничСских Π½ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ². По Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠ½Π³Π° снСТного ΠΏΠΎΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π° ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Π½Π΄ ΠΊ сниТСнию аэрогСнного воздСйствия.The relevance of the research is caused by the need to assess the level of impact of a large pulp and paper enterprise located north of the Ezhvinsky district of Syktyvkar on the basis of ecochemical analysis of winter precipitation (snow), to show the feasibility of using this approach in environmental studies. The main aim is to show the dynamics of the aerotechnogenic load on the territory near the Syktyvkar timber industry complex based on the data on snow cover chemical composition during the monitoring period. Objects: snowpack samples, selected in the zone of influence of emissions of Mondi Syktyvkar JSC and conditionally background areas. Methods: snow survey using transect, adhering to constant sampling points, application of analytical methods according to the air pollution control manual (GD 52.04.186-89), cartographic methods for estimating the spread of pollution in the snow cover using the interpolation method (inverse weighted distance method), application of map algebra for calculating the areas of impact zones. Results. The authors present the results of ecochemical monitoring of snow cover in the zone of aerotechnogenic impact of emissions Mondi Syktyvkar JSC for a multi-year period. A general description of the distribution of individual components of emissions relative to the emission center is given. Long-term monitoring of snow cover in the impact and sanitary protection zones of the enterprise allowed us to analyze the dynamics of the aerotechnogenic load on the territory. The results of the calculation of the modules of substances entering the territory of the enterprise in 2019 showed the lowest level of contamination of the snow cover for the entire observation period, 66 % compared to the volumes of 2002. A significant decrease in the content of components in the snow was noted, starting in 2016 after the reconstruction of the enterprise. Samples of snowmelt water outside the territory of the sanitary protection zone do not exceed the sanitary and hygienic standards for fisheries reservoirs for all components. In general, based on the results of ecochemical monitoring of snow cover, the trend towards reducing the aerogenic impact of the enterprise on the adjacent territory is shown
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