5 research outputs found
Accumulation of PAHs in Tundra Plants and Soils under the Influence of Coal Mining
<p>Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) concentrations in soils and plants in the Bolshezemelskaya tundra have been investigated at the sites affected by coal mining in comparison with the control ecosystems. Contribution of individual plant species to the total PAH accumulation is based on plant biomass data. In shrub tundra communities, the highest PAH concentrations are found in Pleurozium schreberi moss due to its high biomass and ability for active PAH accumulation. This species can be used for ecological monitoring of PAHs concentrations in the tundra communities. Light PAHs are more abundant in soils, plants of both contaminated and control sites as well as in the coal. But the highest excesses of PAH content in comparison with the control values are found for the high-molecular-weight PAHs due to their minimal concentration at the control site. Research on PAH accumulation in the organs of plants has revealed that polyarenes had fallen on the shrubs surfaces from the atmosphere and get accumulated in the plant superficial tissues without further penetration. Deciduous plant species accumulate more PAHs in leaves than evergreen shrubs do. Plants of herbal life form accumulate PAHs mainly from soil.</p
Monitoring of aerotechnogenic impact of Syktyvkar timber industry complex
ΠΠΊΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Π° Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π½Ρ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡ ΠΊΡΡΠΏΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ΅Π»Π»ΡΠ»ΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΎ-Π±ΡΠΌΠ°ΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΡ, ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊ ΡΠ΅Π²Π΅ΡΡ ΠΎΡ Π³. Π‘ΡΠΊΡΡΠ²ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ°, Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ ΡΠΊΠΎΡ
ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° Π·ΠΈΠΌΠ½ΠΈΡ
Π°ΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΎΡΠ°Π΄ΠΊΠΎΠ² (ΡΠ½Π΅Π³Π°), ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΡΠΎΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄Π° Π² ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡΡ
. Π¦Π΅Π»Ρ: ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΡ Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡ Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π½Π°Π³ΡΡΠ·ΠΊΠΈ Π½Π° ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΈΡ Π²Π±Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈ ΠΠ Β«ΠΠΎΠ½Π΄ΠΈ Π‘ΠΠΠΒ» ΠΏΠΎ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΌ ΠΎ Ρ
ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π΅ ΡΠ½Π΅ΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΡΠΎΠ²Π° Π·Π° ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΎΠ΄ ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ½Π³Π°. ΠΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΡ: ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΡΡ ΡΠ½Π΅ΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΡΠΎΠ²Π°, ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ Π² Π·ΠΎΠ½Π΅ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΡ ΠΈ Π½Π° ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΡ
. ΠΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ: ΡΠ½Π΅Π³ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΊΠ° Ρ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡ Π½Π° ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠ°Ρ
ΠΎΡΠ±ΠΎΡΠ° ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±, ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΡΠΎΠ³Π»Π°ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²Ρ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ»Ρ Π·Π°Π³ΡΡΠ·Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π°ΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΡΡ (Π Π 52.04.186-89), ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π·Π°Π³ΡΡΠ·Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π² ΡΠ½Π΅ΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΡΠΎΠ²Π΅ Ρ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΈ (ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π²Π·Π²Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠΉ), ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π°Π»Π³Π΅Π±ΡΡ ΠΊΠ°ΡΡ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ° ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΡΠ°Π΄Π΅ΠΉ Π·ΠΎΠ½ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡ. Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ. ΠΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Ρ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΡΠΊΠΎΡ
ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ½Π³Π° ΡΠ½Π΅ΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΡΠΎΠ²Π° Π² Π·ΠΎΠ½Π΅ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡ Π²ΡΠ±ΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ² ΠΠ Β«ΠΠΎΠ½Π΄ΠΈ Π‘ΠΠΠΒ» Π·Π° ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ»Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΎΠ΄. ΠΠ°Π½Π° ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Ρ Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊΠ° ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² Π²ΡΠ±ΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ² ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ° ΡΠΌΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΈ. ΠΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ½Π³ ΡΠ½Π΅ΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΡΠΎΠ²Π° Π² ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠ°ΠΊΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π·ΠΎΠ½Π΅ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ» ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠΈ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΠΊΠΈ Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π½Π°Π³ΡΡΠ·ΠΊΠΈ. Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ° ΠΏΠΎΡΡΡΠΏΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π²Π΅ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ² Π½Π° ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΡ Π² 2019 Π³. ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π»ΠΈ Π½Π°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½Ρ Π·Π°Π³ΡΡΠ·Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ½Π΅ΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΡΠΎΠ²Π° Π·Π° Π²Π΅ΡΡ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΎΠ΄ Π½Π°Π±Π»ΡΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ, 66 % ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠ² 2002 Π³. ΠΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎ ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΡΠΏΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π·Π°Π³ΡΡΠ·Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ, Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠ½Π°Ρ Ρ 2016 Π³. ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ ΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΡ. ΠΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΉ Π² ΡΠ°Π»ΠΎΠΉ Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ Π·Π° ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎ-Π·Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π·ΠΎΠ½Ρ Π½Π΅ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π²ΡΡΠ°Π»ΠΈ ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎ-Π³ΠΈΠ³ΠΈΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Π½ΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ². ΠΠΎ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΌ ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ½Π³Π° ΡΠ½Π΅ΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΡΠΎΠ²Π° ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π΄ ΠΊ ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π°ΡΡΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡ.The relevance of the research is caused by the need to assess the level of impact of a large pulp and paper enterprise located north of the Ezhvinsky district of Syktyvkar on the basis of ecochemical analysis of winter precipitation (snow), to show the feasibility of using this approach in environmental studies. The main aim is to show the dynamics of the aerotechnogenic load on the territory near the Syktyvkar timber industry complex based on the data on snow cover chemical composition during the monitoring period. Objects: snowpack samples, selected in the zone of influence of emissions of Mondi Syktyvkar JSC and conditionally background areas. Methods: snow survey using transect, adhering to constant sampling points, application of analytical methods according to the air pollution control manual (GD 52.04.186-89), cartographic methods for estimating the spread of pollution in the snow cover using the interpolation method (inverse weighted distance method), application of map algebra for calculating the areas of impact zones. Results. The authors present the results of ecochemical monitoring of snow cover in the zone of aerotechnogenic impact of emissions Mondi Syktyvkar JSC for a multi-year period. A general description of the distribution of individual components of emissions relative to the emission center is given. Long-term monitoring of snow cover in the impact and sanitary protection zones of the enterprise allowed us to analyze the dynamics of the aerotechnogenic load on the territory. The results of the calculation of the modules of substances entering the territory of the enterprise in 2019 showed the lowest level of contamination of the snow cover for the entire observation period, 66 % compared to the volumes of 2002. A significant decrease in the content of components in the snow was noted, starting in 2016 after the reconstruction of the enterprise. Samples of snowmelt water outside the territory of the sanitary protection zone do not exceed the sanitary and hygienic standards for fisheries reservoirs for all components. In general, based on the results of ecochemical monitoring of snow cover, the trend towards reducing the aerogenic impact of the enterprise on the adjacent territory is shown